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Liu Q, Xu R, Shen J, Tao Y, Shao J, Ke Y, Liu B. In situ chemoimmunotherapy hydrogel elicits immunogenic cell death and evokes efficient antitumor immune response. J Transl Med 2024; 22:341. [PMID: 38594751 PMCID: PMC11005214 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoimmunotherapy has shown promising advantages of eliciting immunogenic cell death and activating anti-tumor immune responses. However, the systemic toxicity of chemotherapy and tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment limit the clinical application. METHODS Here, an injectable sodium alginate hydrogel (ALG) loaded with nanoparticle albumin-bound-paclitaxel (Nab-PTX) and an immunostimulating agent R837 was developed for local administration. Two murine hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer models were established. The tumor-bearing mice received the peritumoral injection of R837/Nab-PTX/ALG once a week for two weeks. The antitumor efficacy, the immune response, and the tumor microenvironment were investigated. RESULTS This chemoimmunotherapy hydrogel with sustained-release character was proven to have significant effects on killing tumor cells and inhibiting tumor growth. Peritumoral injection of our hydrogel caused little harm to normal organs and triggered a potent antitumor immune response against both hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer. In the tumor microenvironment, enhanced immunogenic cell death induced by the combination of Nab-PTX and R837 resulted in 3.30-fold infiltration of effector memory T cells and upregulation of 20 biological processes related to immune responses. CONCLUSIONS Our strategy provides a novel insight into the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy and has the potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Rui Xu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwen Shen
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaping Tao
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyi Shao
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaohua Ke
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Luan H, He Y, Zhang T, Su Y, Zhou L. The identification of liver metastasis- and prognosis-associated genes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:463. [PMID: 35477379 PMCID: PMC9047343 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an often fatal malignancy with an extremely low survival rate. Liver metastasis, which causes high mortality, is the most common recurring metastasis for PDAC. However, the mechanisms underlying this liver metastasis and associated candidate biomarkers are unknown. METHODS We performed mRNA profiling comparisons in 8 primary tumors (T) and 12 liver metastases (M) samples using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After determining differentially expressed genes (DEG), gene ontology (GO), pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed to determine DEG functions. Then, Cytoscape was used to screen out significant hub genes, after which their clinical relevance was investigated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) resources. Furthermore, prognosis-associated gene expression was validated using Oncomine and TCGA database. Lastly, associations between prognosis-associated genes, immune cells and immunological checkpoint genes were evaluated using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). RESULTS In total, 102 genes were related to liver metastasis and predominantly involved in cell migration, motility, and adhesion. Using Cytoscape, this number was narrowed down to 16 hub genes. Elevated mRNA expression levels for two of these genes, SPARC (P = 0.019) and TPM1 (P = 0.037) were significantly correlated with poor disease prognosis. For the remaining 14, expression was not related to overall patient survival. SPARC had higher expression in patients with metastatic PDAC than those with non-metastatic PDAC in TCGA dataset. SPARC and TPM1 levels were also positively correlated with the immune infiltration of specific cell types. Additionally, both genes exhibited strong co-expression associations with immune checkpoint genes. CONCLUSIONS Combined, we suggest SPARC has high potential as biomarker to predict liver metastasis during PDAC. Additionally, both SPARC and TPM1 appeared to recruit and regulate immune-infiltrating cells during these pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanna Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Post Graduation Training, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjingbei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Qian X, Jiang C, Shen S, Zou X. GPRC5A: An emerging prognostic biomarker for predicting malignancy of Pancreatic Cancer based on bioinformatics analysis. J Cancer 2021; 12:2010-2022. [PMID: 33753999 PMCID: PMC7974517 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer (PaCa) is a highly lethal malignancy. The treatment options for PaCa lack efficacy. The study aimed to explore the molecular biomarkers for predicting survival of PaCa and identify the potential carcinogenic mechanisms of the selected gene. Methods: Based on public databases of PaCa, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using Networkanalyst. Survival analyses were exerted on GEPIA. Oncomine and The Human Protein Atlas were used for verifying the expression on mRNA and protein levels. Enrichment analyses were generated on Metascape and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Univariate analyses were performed to determine the clinical factors associated with the expression of GPRC5A. Results: GPRC5A was identified as the most valuable gene in predicting survival of PaCa patients. Patients with high expression of GPRC5A showed larger tumor size, higher TNM stages, higher tumor grade, and more positive resection margin. In mutant KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A and SMAD4 group, the expression of GPRC5A was higher than non-mutant group. Mechanistically, GPRC5A may promote metastasis of PaCa mainly via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Conclusion: GPRC5A may act as an oncogene in the progression of PaCa and could be a prognostic biomarker in predicting survival of PaCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetian Qian
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengfei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
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4
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Mosca L, Ilari A, Fazi F, Assaraf YG, Colotti G. Taxanes in cancer treatment: Activity, chemoresistance and its overcoming. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 54:100742. [PMID: 33429249 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since 1984, when paclitaxel was approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma, taxanes have been widely used as microtubule-targeting antitumor agents. However, their historic classification as antimitotics does not describe all their functions. Indeed, taxanes act in a complex manner, altering multiple cellular oncogenic processes including mitosis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammatory response, and ROS production. On the one hand, identification of the diverse effects of taxanes on oncogenic signaling pathways provides opportunities to apply these cytotoxic drugs in a more rational manner. On the other hand, this may facilitate the development of novel treatment modalities to surmount anticancer drug resistance. In the latter respect, chemoresistance remains a major impediment which limits the efficacy of antitumor chemotherapy. Taxanes have shown impact on key molecular mechanisms including disruption of mitotic spindle, mitosis slippage and inhibition of angiogenesis. Furthermore, there is an emerging contribution of cellular processes including autophagy, oxidative stress, epigenetic alterations and microRNAs deregulation to the acquisition of taxane resistance. Hence, these two lines of findings are currently promoting a more rational and efficacious taxane application as well as development of novel molecular strategies to enhance the efficacy of taxane-based cancer treatment while overcoming drug resistance. This review provides a general and comprehensive picture on the use of taxanes in cancer treatment. In particular, we describe the history of application of taxanes in anticancer therapeutics, the synthesis of the different drugs belonging to this class of cytotoxic compounds, their features and the differences between them. We further dissect the molecular mechanisms of action of taxanes and the molecular basis underlying the onset of taxane resistance. We further delineate the possible modalities to overcome chemoresistance to taxanes, such as increasing drug solubility, delivery and pharmacokinetics, overcoming microtubule alterations or mitotic slippage, inhibiting drug efflux pumps or drug metabolism, targeting redox metabolism, immune response, and other cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ilari
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council (IBPM-CNR), c/o Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Dept. Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University, Via A. Scarpa 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Lab, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Gianni Colotti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council (IBPM-CNR), c/o Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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5
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Identification of Key Prognostic Biomarker and Its Correlation with Immune Infiltrates in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8825997. [PMID: 32934754 PMCID: PMC7479484 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8825997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely malignant tumor. The immune profile of PDAC and the immunologic milieu of its tumor microenvironment (TME) are unique; however, the mechanism of how the TME engineers the carcinogenesis of PDAC is not fully understood. This study is aimed at better understanding the relationship between the immune infiltration of the TME and gene expression and identifying potential prognostic and immunotherapeutic biomarkers for PDAC. Analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 159 upregulated and 53 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment were performed and showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched for the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and extracellular matrix organization. We used the cytoHubba plugin of Cytoscape to screen out the most significant ten hub genes by four different models (Degree, MCC, DMNC, and MNC). The expression and clinical relevance of these ten hub genes were validated using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and the Human Protein Atlas, respectively. High expression of nine of the hub genes was positively correlated with poor prognosis. Finally, the relationship between these hub genes and tumor immunity was analyzed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource. We found that the expression of SPARC, COL6A3, and FBN1 correlated positively with infiltration levels of six immune cells in the tumors. In addition, these three genes had a strong coexpression relationship with the immune checkpoints. In conclusion, our results suggest that nine upregulated biomarkers are related to poor prognosis in PDAC and may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for PDAC therapy. Furthermore, SPARC, COL6A3, and FBN1 play an important role in tumor-related immune infiltration and may be ideal targets for immune therapy against PDAC.
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6
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Increased SPARC expression is associated with neoadjuvant therapy in resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pract Lab Med 2020; 21:e00171. [PMID: 32548230 PMCID: PMC7284134 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2020.e00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted Protein Acid and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) is an extracellular glycoprotein secreted by fibroblasts and osteoblasts in normal tissues. SPARC overexpression occurs in multiple tumors including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and may predict favorable response to nab-paclitaxel. The prognostic significance of SPARC expression in PDAC is unclear - some reports indicate SPARC overexpression associates with poor outcomes and others find no correlation. Considering neoadjuvant therapy enhances the stromal fibrosis of PDAC and taking into account that SPARC is a component of PDAC stromal fibrosis, we hypothesized that SPARC expression would be greater in neoadjuvant-treated versus treatment-naive PDAC. Quantitative immunohistochemistry was used to measure SPARC expression in resected PDAC in 74 cases of neoadjuvant treated PDAC and 95 cases of treatment-naïve PDAC. SPARC expression was increased 54% in neoadjuvant treated PDAC compared to treatment-naïve PDAC. These data indicate that increased SPARC expression correlates with neoadjuvant therapy in PDAC.
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7
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Lohse I, Brothers SP. Pathogenesis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer Related Pain. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:1789-1796. [PMID: 32234867 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is often diagnosed due to the patient seeking medical attention for abdominal pain. It is among the most painful cancers, with pain severity strongly correlating with prognosis. Perineural invasion is a prominent feature of pancreatic cancer and often the first route of metastasis resulting in neuropathic pain. While surgical pain is present, it is generally short-lived; chemo- and radio-therapy associated side effect pain is often longer lasting and more difficult to manage. Treatment-induced mucositis in response to chemotherapy occurs throughout the GI tract resulting in infection-prone ulcers on the lip, buccal mucosa, palate or tongue. Cisplatin treatment is associated with axonal neuropathy in the dorsal root ganglion, although other large sensory fibers can be affected. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia can also emerge in patients. Along with traditional means to address pain, neurolytic celiac plexus block of afferent nociceptive fibers has been reported to be effective in 74% of patients. Moreover, as cancer treatments become more effective and result in improved survival, treatment-related side effects become more prevalent. Here, pancreatic cancer and treatment associated pain are reviewed along with current treatment strategies. Potential future therapeutic strategies to target the pathophysiology underlying pancreatic cancer and pain induction are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Lohse
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Molecular Therapeutics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Shaun P Brothers
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, U.S.A. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Molecular Therapeutics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, FL, U.S.A
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8
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Gad MM, Găman MA, Saad AM, Al-Husseini MJ, Shehata OA, Saleh MA, Nelson AD, Simons-Linares CR. Temporal trends of incidence and mortality in Asian-Americans with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: an epidemiological study. Ann Gastroenterol 2020; 33:210-218. [PMID: 32127743 PMCID: PMC7049244 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2020.0450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with an estimated 45,750 deaths in 2019. Mortality outcomes seem to differ based on the ethnicity of the patients, with most studies focusing on the mortality and survival of Caucasians and African Americans. Little attention has been given, however, to Asian-American patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC). In this study, we aimed to investigate mortality rates in Asian-American patients with PAC. Methods The SEER 13 registries (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results) of the National Cancer Institute were used to study PAC cases during 1992-2015. The incidence and incidence-based mortality rates per 100,000 person-years, and the annual percentage changes were calculated using SEER*stat software and Joinpoint regression software. Results A total of 5814 PAC cases in Asian-American patients were identified. Most patients were older than 60 years (77.6%) and had metastatic disease (55.8%). The overall incidence of PAC among Asian-Americans was 5.740 per 100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.592-5.891]. Incidence rates were highest among males and patients older than 60 years. PAC incidence rates among Asian-Americans increased by 1.503% (95%CI 1.051-1.956; P<0.001) per year over the study period. PAC incidence rates increased over the study period for all sex, age, and stage subgroups. PAC incidence-based mortality among Asian-Americans increased by 4.535% (95%CI 3.538-5.541; P<0.001) per year over the study period. Conclusion The incidence of PAC in Asian-Americans, as well as incidence-based mortality rates, are on the rise, irrespective of age, sex or stage subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Gad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA (Mohamed M. Gad, Anas M. Saad, Mohannad Abou Saleh, Alfred D. Nelson, Carlos Roberto Simons-Linares).,Department of Global Public Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA (Mohamed M. Gad)
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania and Center of Hematology and d) Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania (Mihnea-Alexandru Găman)
| | - Anas M Saad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA (Mohamed M. Gad, Anas M. Saad, Mohannad Abou Saleh, Alfred D. Nelson, Carlos Roberto Simons-Linares).,Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt (Anas M. Saad, Muneer J. Al-Husseini, Omar A. Shehata)
| | - Muneer J Al-Husseini
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt (Anas M. Saad, Muneer J. Al-Husseini, Omar A. Shehata).,Department of Medicine, Ascension St John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA (Muneer J. Al-Husseini)
| | - Omar A Shehata
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt (Anas M. Saad, Muneer J. Al-Husseini, Omar A. Shehata)
| | - Mohannad Abou Saleh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA (Mohamed M. Gad, Anas M. Saad, Mohannad Abou Saleh, Alfred D. Nelson, Carlos Roberto Simons-Linares)
| | - Alfred D Nelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA (Mohamed M. Gad, Anas M. Saad, Mohannad Abou Saleh, Alfred D. Nelson, Carlos Roberto Simons-Linares)
| | - Carlos Roberto Simons-Linares
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA (Mohamed M. Gad, Anas M. Saad, Mohannad Abou Saleh, Alfred D. Nelson, Carlos Roberto Simons-Linares)
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Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine and cancer: A homeostatic hormone? Cytokine 2020; 127:154996. [PMID: 31955132 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.154996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Murakawa M, Yamamoto N, Kamioka Y, Kamiya M, Kobayashi S, Ueno M, Morimoto M, Atsumi Y, Aoyama T, Tamagawa H, Yukawa N, Rino Y, Masuda M, Morinaga S. Clinical Implication of Pre-operative C-reactive Protein-Albumin Ratio as a Prognostic Factor of Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Single-institutional Retrospective Study. In Vivo 2020; 34:347-353. [PMID: 31882498 PMCID: PMC6984104 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The C-reactive protein (CRP)-to-serum albumin ratio is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with several cancers. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the preoperative CRP/Alb ratio and overall survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in patients who received radical surgery and S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included 117 patients who underwent radical surgery with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy. We constructed receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) of the CRP/Alb ratio to determine the cut-off value. We analyzed the relationship among the CRP/Alb ratio, clinicopathological status, and survival. RESULTS The optimal cut-off value of the CRP/Alb ratio was 0.036. All patients were divided into a high-ratio group (CRP/Alb ratio ≥0.036) and low-ratio group (CRP/Alb ratio <0.036). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates in the high- and low-ratio groups were 22.5% and 36.4%, respectively (p=0.0089). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates in the high- and low-ratio groups were 12.5% and 22.1%, respectively (p=0.0097). The univariate and multivariate analyses of the OS showed that the pathological N factor and CRP/Alb ratio were independent factors of the survival. The univariate and multivariate analyses of the RFS showed that the pathological N factor, resection margin, and CRP/Alb ratio were independent factors of the survival. CONCLUSION The preoperative CRP/Alb ratio is a strong prognostic factor for PDAC patients with undergo curative resection with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Murakawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoto Yamamoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuto Kamioka
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mariko Kamiya
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Ueno
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Manabu Morimoto
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yosuke Atsumi
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toru Aoyama
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamagawa
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Norio Yukawa
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Rino
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Soichiro Morinaga
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
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Xiao Y, Zhang H, Ma Q, Huang R, Lu J, Liang X, Liu X, Zhang Z, Yu L, Pang J, Zhou L, Liu T, Wu H, Liang Z. YAP1-mediated pancreatic stellate cell activation inhibits pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. Cancer Lett 2019; 462:51-60. [PMID: 31352078 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are activated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and are responsible for dense desmoplastic stroma. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) can induce cancer-associated fibroblast activation in liver and breast tumors, but its effect on PSCs is unknown. In the present study, we determined that YAP1 was highly expressed in the nuclei of PDAC-derived activated PSCs. RNAi-mediated or pharmacological inhibition of YAP1 led to PSC deactivation. In addition, YAP1 stimulated the expression of secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich (SPARC) in PSCs, which was inhibited by RUNX1. SPARC secreted from PSCs inhibited pancreatic cancer cell (PCC) proliferation. High expression of nuclear YAP1 in tumor stroma was significantly correlated with SPARC expression and fibrosis degree in human PDAC tissues. Our study revealed a critical role for YAP1 in the regulation of PSC activation and paracrine signaling. Our findings provide insights into a novel rationale for targeting YAP1 to reprogram the PDAC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Junliang Lu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Xuguang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Lianyuan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Junyi Pang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Liangrui Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Huanwen Wu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; Molecular Pathology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
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