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Su X, Yuan B, Tao X, Guo W, Mao X, Wu A, Wang Q, Liu C, Zhang Y, Kong X, Han L, Lin N. Anti-angiogenic effect of YuXueBi tablet in experimental rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing LOX/Ras/Raf-1 signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115611. [PMID: 35952969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A Chinese patent medicine derived from a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula, Yu-Xue-Bi tablet (YXB) is widely used in the clinic to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). During the progression of RA, angiogenesis plays a central role in fostering the production of inflammatory cells, leading to synovial hyperplasia and bone destruction. However, whether YXB attenuates the angiogenesis during RA progression remains to be defined. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to evaluate the anti-angiogenic activity of YXB and explore its mechanism of action in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats and VEGF-induced HUVECs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transcriptional regulatory network analysis and a network pharmacology approach were employed to explore mechanism of YXB in RA angiogenesis. The antiarthritic effect of YXB was evaluated by determining the arthritis incidence, and score, and by micro-CT analysis. The anti-angiogenic effect of YXB in vivo was assessed by histological and immunohistochemical analyses. The anti-angiogenic effect of YXB in vitro was assessed by wound healing, Transwell migration, Transwell invasion, and tube formation assays. Western-blotting and immunohistochemical analysis were employed to explore the molecular mechanisms of YXB. RESULTS YXB reduced disease severity and ameliorated pathological features in CIA rats. YXB markedly decreased bone destruction and synovial angiogenesis. Consistently, we also demonstrated that YXB effectively suppressed angiogenesis marker CD31 and VEGF expression. In vitro, YXB effectively inhibited HUVEC migration, invasion, and tube formation. Following the identification of transcriptional expression profiles, "YXB putative targets-known RA-related genes-genes associated with the therapeutic effect of YXB" interaction network was constructed and analyzed. After that, the LOX/Ras/Raf-1 signaling axis, which is involved in RA angiogenesis, was identified as one of the candidate mechanisms of YXB against RA. Experimentally, YXB dose-dependently decreased the expression levels of LOX, Ras, and Raf-1, as well as the phosphorylation of MEK and ERK in CIA rats, and these effects were better than the inhibitory effects of methotrexate (MTX), an FDA approved drug used for some autoimmune diseases such as RA. In addition, YXB may function as a potent angiogenesis inhibitor and significantly suppress the VEGF-induced activation of LOX/Ras/Raf-1 signaling in vitro. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that YXB may decrease the disease severity of RA and reduce bone erosion by suppressing angiogenesis via inhibition of LOX/Ras/Raf-1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Su
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Bei Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Xueying Tao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wanyi Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xia Mao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Chunfang Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yanqiong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiangying Kong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Lan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Na Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Pharmacological Inhibition of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Breast Cancer Progression. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134049. [PMID: 35807290 PMCID: PMC9268373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous signaling molecule, is associated with the development of various malignancies via modulating various cellular signaling cascades. Published research has established the fact that inhibition of endogenous H2S production or exposure of H2S donors is an effective approach against cancer progression. However, the effect of pharmacological inhibition of endogenous H2S-producing enzymes (cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MPST)) on the growth of breast cancer (BC) remains unknown. In the present study, DL-propargylglycine (PAG, inhibitor of CSE), aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA, inhibitor of CBS), and L-aspartic acid (L-Asp, inhibitor of 3-MPST) were used to determine the role of endogenous H2S in the growth of BC by in vitro and in vivo experiments. An in silico study was also performed to confirm the results. Corresponding to each enzyme in separate groups, we treated BC cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) with 10 mM of PAG, AOAA, and L-Asp for 24 h. Findings reveal that the combined dose (PAG + AOAA + L-Asp) group showed exclusive inhibitory effects on BC cells’ viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion compared to the control group. Further, treated cells exhibited increased apoptosis and a reduced level of phospho (p)-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases such as p-AKT, p-PI3K, and p-mTOR. Moreover, the combined group exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the growth of BC xenograft tumors in nude mice, without obvious toxicity. The molecular docking results were consistent with the wet lab experiments and enhanced the reliability of the drugs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the inhibition of endogenous H2S production can significantly inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells via the AKT/PI3K/mTOR pathway and suggest that endogenous H2S may act as a promising therapeutic target in human BC cells. Our study also empowers the rationale to design novel H2S-based anti-tumor drugs to cure BC.
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Pan YH, Chen J, Sun C, Ma JF, Li X. Effect of Ras-guanine nucleotide release factor 1-mediated H-Ras/ERK signaling pathway on glioma. Brain Res 2021; 1754:147247. [PMID: 33412149 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the function of Ras-guanine nucleotide release factor 1 (Ras-GRF1) in glioma through mediating H-Ras/ERK signaling pathway. METHODS Ras-GRF1, H-Ras, K-Ras and N-Ras expressions in glioma and normal brain tissues were detected via Immunohistochemistry. Glioma cells (U87 cells, U251 cells and primary human glioma cells) were transfected with Ras-GRF1 siRNA, H-Ras siRNA and/or Ras-GRF1 lentivirus activation particles. Then, the following aspects were evaluated: cell proliferation by MTT assay, clonogenic ability by the plate clone formation experiment, cell migration and invasion by Wound-healing and Transwell assays, and cell apoptosis by Annexin-V-FITC/PI staining. The protein expressions were measured by Western blotting. Subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse models of glioma were conducted to determine the role of Ras-GRF1 in glioma tumorigenesis. RESULTS Ras-GRF1, H-Ras, K-Ras and N-Ras expressions were upregulated in the glioma tissues, which were correlated with the WHO grade of glioma. Besides, Ras-GRF1 expression was positively related to H-Ras expression. Ras-GRF1 siRNA could reduce the expression of H-Ras and p-ERK/ERK in glioma cell. H-Ras siRNA inhibited the proliferation, clone formation, migration and invasion, and enhance the apoptosis of glioma cells, which, however, were reversed by Ras-GRF1 lentivirus activation particles. In vivo experiments also revealed that Ras-GRF1 shRNA reduced the volume and weight of the tumors in the nude mice, with down-regulations of H-Ras and p-ERK/ERK. CONCLUSION Ras-GRF1 was upregulated in glioma tissues and correlated with its malignancy and prognosis. Silencing Ras-GRF1, through mediating H-Ras/ERK pathway, may suppress the growth and metastasis of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Heng Pan
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Cui Sun
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Ji-Fen Ma
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Xia Li
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
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Guo J, Lan Z. PHD2 acts as an oncogene through activation of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and JAK1/STAT3 pathways in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:37-45. [PMID: 31852247 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1699806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHD2) is an oxygen sensor that is able to induce hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α) degradation under normoxic condition. The present paper designed to reveal the function of PHD2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells proliferation, migration and invasion.Methods: qRT-PCR and Western blot were carried out to see the expression of PHD2 in HCC tissues and cell lines. PHD2 expression in Huh7 and HepG3B cells was overexpressed or suppressed by transfection and then the changes of cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected by CCK-8 assay, transwell assay and Western blot.Results: PHD2 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines (Huh7, Hep3B, SK-HEP-1, HCCLM3 and MHCC97) as relative to para-cancerous non-tumour tissues and a normal hepatocyte line MIHA. PHD2 overexpression promoted Huh7 and Hep3B cells viability, migration and invasion. Meanwhile, CyclinD1, c-Myc, MMP-2, MMP-9 and Vimentin were up-regulated, while p53 was down-regulated by PHD2 overexpression. PHD2 silence led to a contrary impact. Further, PHD2 overexpression up-regulated Ras and Raf expression and induced phosphorylation of MEK, ERK, JAK1 and STAT3.Conclusion: PHD2 exhibited pro-tumour functions in HCC cells. PHD2 promoted HCC possibly through Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and JAK1/STAT3 pathways.HighlightsPHD2 is highly expressed in HCC tissue and cell lines;PHD2 promotes the proliferation of Huh7 and HepG3B cells;PHD2 enhances Huh7 and HepG3B cells migration and invasion;PHD2 activates Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and JAK1/STAT3 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Guo
- Department of Trauma Emergency, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhi Lan
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang W, Gou X, Xue H, Liu K. Ganoderan (GDN) Regulates The Growth, Motility And Apoptosis Of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through ERK Signaling Pathway In Vitro And In Vivo. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8821-8832. [PMID: 31695437 PMCID: PMC6821078 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s221161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor worldwide. About 90% of lung cancers are considered non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ganoderan (GDN) is one of the components of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides. Ganoderan A (GDNA), Ganoderan B (GDNB) and Ganoderan C (GDNC) were three polysaccharides isolated from the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. Methods Cell growth was measured by Cell Counting kit-8 and colony formation assay, while cell motility was measured by transwell assay and wound healing assay. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry analysis and TUNEL staining, and protein expression was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Previous studies have shown that GDNB has the effects of hyperglycemic and kidney protection. However, the role of GDNB in tumors is currently unknown. This study elaborated the role of GDNB in NSCLC and its underlying molecular mechanisms. The results exerted that GDNB inhibited the growth of H510A and A549 cells by suppressing the expression of ki67 and PCNA. Besides, transwell assay and wound healing assay showed that GDNB inhibited invasion and migration of H510A and A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, Western blotting also showed that GDNB downregulated the levels of N-cadherin, vimentin and Snail in H510A and A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner, while it upregulated the level of E-cadherin. Additionally, GDNB also promoted apoptosis of H510A and A549 cells by regulating the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved PARP. Animal experiments revealed that GDNB inhibited tumor growth and metastasis, and induced apoptosis of tumor cells in vivo. Mechanically, GDNB suppressed the expression of Ras and c-Myc, and decreased the phosphorylation levels of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2. Conclusion Collectively, all data suggest that GDNB regulates the growth, motility and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells through ERK signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang City, Shaanxi 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Gou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang City, Shaanxi 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang City, Shaanxi 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Central Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang City, Shaanxi 712000, People's Republic of China
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