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Bahgat EA, Hashem H, Saleh H, Kamel EB, Eissa MS. Exciting Advances in Sustainable Spectrophotometric Micro-Quantitation of an Innovative Painkiller "Tramadol and Celecoxib" Mixture in the Presence of a Toxic Impurity, Promoting Greenness and Whiteness Studies. J AOAC Int 2024; 107:362-370. [PMID: 38070148 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tramadol (TRM) and celecoxib (CLX) form a novel mixture that helps relieve acute pain when other painkillers have no action. It is also reported that these drugs, TRM and CLX, are used to control COVID-19 symptoms. OBJECTIVE The current work highlights three important pillars of modern pharmaceutical analysis, which are as follows; impurity profiling, greenness/whiteness studies and simplicity accompanied by sensitivity. Since 4-methyl acetophenone inhibits the human carbonyl reductase enzyme (type I) and since this compound may pose a health risk, it is crucial to regulate its concentration in all dosage forms of CLX. METHODS Two simple and green spectrophotometric methods were developed, namely third derivative (D3) and Fourier self- deconvulation (FSD), for resolving severely overlapped spectra of TRM and CLX in the presence of 4-methyl acetophenone (4-MAP) as a process-related impurity in their novel tablet combination. RESULTS The two approaches showed acceptable linearity with an excellent correlation coefficient. In both methods, TRM was measured when CLX and 4-methyl acetophenone were zero-crossing. The same procedure was applied for measuring CLX and its process-related impurity 4-MAP. CONCLUSION The methodologies developed were thoroughly validated in compliance with ICH (International Council on Harmonisation) guidelines. Student t- and F-tests revealed no statistically significant variation among the current methods and the reported method. HIGHLIGHTS No spectrophotometric methods have been published previously for the simultaneous analysis of TRM and CLX along with 4-MAP. As a result, the newly developed spectrophotometric approaches have great relevance and originality in the field of pharmaceutical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Bahgat
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hisham Hashem
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Saleh
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ebraam B Kamel
- Egyptian Russian University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Badr City, 11829 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maya S Eissa
- Egyptian Russian University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Badr City, 11829 Cairo, Egypt
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Puente-Cobacho B, Varela-López A, Quiles JL, Vera-Ramirez L. Involvement of redox signalling in tumour cell dormancy and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:49-85. [PMID: 36701089 PMCID: PMC10014738 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Decades of research on oncogene-driven carcinogenesis and gene-expression regulatory networks only started to unveil the complexity of tumour cellular and molecular biology. This knowledge has been successfully implemented in the clinical practice to treat primary tumours. In contrast, much less progress has been made in the development of new therapies against metastasis, which are the main cause of cancer-related deaths. More recently, the role of epigenetic and microenviromental factors has been shown to play a key role in tumour progression. Free radicals are known to communicate the intracellular and extracellular compartments, acting as second messengers and exerting a decisive modulatory effect on tumour cell signalling. Depending on the cellular and molecular context, as well as the intracellular concentration of free radicals and the activation status of the antioxidant system of the cell, the signalling equilibrium can be tilted either towards tumour cell survival and progression or cell death. In this regard, recent advances in tumour cell biology and metastasis indicate that redox signalling is at the base of many cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental mechanisms that control disseminated tumour cell fate and metastasis. In this manuscript, we will review the current knowledge about redox signalling along the different phases of the metastatic cascade, including tumour cell dormancy, making emphasis on metabolism and the establishment of supportive microenvironmental connections, from a redox perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Puente-Cobacho
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada and Andalusian Regional Government, PTS, Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Varela-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Vera-Ramirez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada and Andalusian Regional Government, PTS, Granada, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Cinnamamide derivatives with 4-hydroxypiperidine moiety enhance effect of doxorubicin to cancer cells and protect cardiomyocytes against drug-induced toxicity through CBR1 inhibition mechanism. Life Sci 2022; 305:120777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Prostanoid Signaling in Cancers: Expression and Regulation Patterns of Enzymes and Receptors. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040590. [PMID: 35453789 PMCID: PMC9029281 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated disturbance of prostanoid signaling provides an aberrant accumulation of prostanoids. This signaling consists of 19 target genes, encoding metabolic enzymes and G-protein-coupled receptors, and prostanoids (prostacyclin, thromboxane, and prostaglandins E2, F2α, D2, H2). The study addresses the systems biology analysis of target genes in 24 solid tumors using a data mining pipeline. We analyzed differential expression patterns of genes and proteins, promoter methylation status as well as tissue-specific master regulators and microRNAs. Tumor types were clustered into several groups according to gene expression patterns. Target genes were characterized as low mutated in tumors, with the exception of melanoma. We found at least six ubiquitin ligases and eight protein kinases that post-translationally modified the most connected proteins PTGES3 and PTGIS. Models of regulation of PTGIS and PTGIR gene expression in lung and uterine cancers were suggested. For the first time, we found associations between the patient’s overall survival rates with nine multigene transcriptomics signatures in eight tumors. Expression patterns of each of the six target genes have predictive value with respect to cytostatic therapy response. One of the consequences of the study is an assumption of prostanoid-dependent (or independent) tumor phenotypes. Thus, pharmacologic targeting the prostanoid signaling could be a probable additional anticancer strategy.
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Zhou L, Yang C, Zhong W, Wang Q, Zhang D, Zhang J, Xie S, Xu M. Chrysin induces autophagy-dependent ferroptosis to increase chemosensitivity to gemcitabine by targeting CBR1 in pancreatic cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114813. [PMID: 34673014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have verified that inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the gemcitabine anti-tumor mechanisms of action. Human carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) plays an important role in protecting cells against oxidative damage. However, it is unclear whether CBR1 is involved in pancreatic cancer (PC) progression and resistance to gemcitabine. Based on the GEPIA database, we analyzed tumor tissue samples from PC patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and revealed that CBR1 was highly expressed in PC tissues and that this was significantly correlated with the clinicopathological features of PC. Genetic inhibition of CBR1 suppressed PC cell proliferation by regulating ROS generation. Furthermore, gemcitabine upregulated CBR1 expression, which could limit the anti-tumor activity of gemcitabine, and attenuation of CBR1 enhanced gemcitabine sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we report that chrysin directly binds to CBR1, which inhibited its enzymatic activity both at the molecular and cellular levels. Inhibition of CBR1 by chrysin increased cellular ROS levels and led to ROS-dependent autophagy, which resulted in the degradation of ferritin heavy polypeptide 1 (FTH1) and an increase in the intracellular free iron level that participates in ferroptosis in PC cells. Finally, our results showed that chrysin enhanced PC sensitivity to gemcitabine by inducing ferroptotic death in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these findings indicate that CBR1 is a potential therapeutic target for PC treatment. In addition, we elucidated a novel mechanism underlying the anti-tumor effects of chrysin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Chen Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Weilan Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China; The Third Peoples Hospital of Qingdao, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266400, PR China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Daolai Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China
| | - Shuyang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China.
| | - Maolei Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong 264003, PR China.
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Mao L, Wang K, Zhang P, Ren S, Sun J, Yang M, Zhang F, Sun B. Carbonyl Reductase 1 Attenuates Ischemic Brain Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 12:711-724. [PMID: 33964000 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00912-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory response after the ischemic injury are important pathophysiologic mechanisms that cause brain tissue loss and neurological deficit. This study aims to observe the expression and role of carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1), an NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase with specificity for carbonyl compounds such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), in the brain after ischemic injury and to investigate the influence of CBR1 on ischemia-induced neuroinflammation. CBR1 expresses in the neurons, astrocyte, and microglia in the normal brain. The expression of CBR1 decreased in the ischemic regions following cerebral ischemia, and also reduced in primary neurons after OGD (oxygen-glucose deprivation); however, the expression of CBR1 significantly increased in microglia in the ischemic penumbra. Furthermore, TAT-CBR1 fusion protein played neuroprotective effects in reducing the infarct volume and improving neurological outcomes after ischemic injury. Mechanistically, CBR1 decreased the levels of 4-HNE in the brain after stroke; it also modulated microglial polarization toward the M2 phenotype, which was well-known to confer neuroprotection after ischemic injury. Our results demonstrate that CBR1 provides neuroprotection against ischemic injury by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, making a promising agent for cerebral ischemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Mao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Brain Science Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China. .,Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Brain Science Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Pengjie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Brain Science Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Shihao Ren
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Brain Science Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Jingyi Sun
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Mingfeng Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Brain Science Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Baoliang Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Brain Science Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China.
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Sun B, Yu L, Xu C, Li YM, Zhao YR, Cao MM, Yang LY. NAD(P)HX epimerase downregulation promotes tumor progression through ROS/HIF-1α signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2753-2769. [PMID: 33932069 PMCID: PMC8253267 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from aberrant tumor metabolism could contribute to tumor invasion and metastasis. NAD(P)HX Epimerase (NAXE), an epimerase that allows the repair of damaged forms of antioxidant NADPH, is a potential cellular ROS scavenger and its role in tumor development is still elusive. Here, we found that NAXE is significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and cell lines. NAXE downregulation is associated with poor clinicopathological characteristics and is an independent risk factor for overall and disease‐free survival of HCC patients after liver resection. In addition, low NAXE expression could identify worse prognosis of HCC patients before vascular invasion or in early stages of disease. In particularly, low NAXE expression in HCC is markedly associated with microvascular invasion (MVI) and its combination with MVI predicts poorer prognosis of HCC patients after liver resection. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo experiments both showed that knockdown of NAXE expression in HCC cells promoted migration, invasion, and metastasis by inducing epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas NAXE overexpression causes the opposite effects. Mechanistically, low NAXE expression reduced NADPH levels and further caused ROS level increase and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) activation, thereby promoting invasion and metastasis of HCC by facilitating EMT. What is more, the tumor‐promoting effect of NAXE knockdown in HCC xenograft can be abolished by giving mice N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (NAC) in drinking water. Taken together, our findings uncovered a tumor suppressor role for NAXE in HCC by scavenging excessive ROS and inhibiting tumor‐promoting signaling pathways, suggesting a new strategy for HCC therapy by targeting redox signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-Rong Zhao
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mo-Mo Cao
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lian-Yue Yang
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Application of quality by design approach for HPTLC simultaneous determination of amlodipine and celecoxib in presence of process-related impurity. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Chang L, Wang J, Zhou F, Wang D, Chen R, Zhang Y, Zhang J. LncRNA RP11-84E24.3 drives tumorigenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of glioma cells by promoting TFAP2C-mediated activation of SNAI1. J Neurooncol 2021; 151:157-171. [PMID: 33128099 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03624-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are essential epigenetic regulators with critical roles in tumor initiation and malignant progression; however, the mechanism by which aberrantly expressed lncRNA RP11-84E24.3 regulates the pathogenesis of glioma is not fully understood. Here, we investigate the function of lncRNA RP11-84E24.3 in glioma onset and progression as well as identify a molecular pathway regulated by this lncRNA. METHODS Differentially expressed lncRNAs related to glioma were identified. The aberrant expression of lncRNA RP11-84E24.3 was verified in samples from patients with glioma as well as glioma cell lines. The role of lncRNA RP11-8424.3 in proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion was assessed using gain- and loss-of function approaches, EdU incorporation, flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell invasion assays. Western blot analysis was utilized to examine the expression of proteins associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The interaction between lncRNA RP11-84E24.3, TFAP2C and SNAI1 was confirmed using RNA pull-down, ChIP and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS LncRNA RP11-84E24.3 was up-regulated in both glioma tissues and cell lines. LncRNA RP11-84E24.3 overexpression enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells while reducing apoptosis. This was associated with a decrease in E-cadherin expression and an increase in N-cadherin and Vimentin expression. LncRNA RP11-84E24.3 directly targeted TFAP2C protein, resulting in increased SNAI1 expression. Knockdown of TFAP2C or SNAI1 reversed the effects of lncRNA RP11-84E24.3 overexpression, while silencing lncRNA RP11-84E24.3 inhibited tumor formation of glioma cells in vivo. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA RP11-84E24.3 increased SNAI1 expression by forming a complex with TFAP2C protein, promoting EMT in glioma cells and tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Chang
- Department of Neurology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, No. 73, Jianshe South Road, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyue Wang
- Department of Neurology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, No. 73, Jianshe South Road, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Neurology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, No. 73, Jianshe South Road, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Neurology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, No. 73, Jianshe South Road, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, No. 73, Jianshe South Road, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhe Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, No. 73, Jianshe South Road, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.
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