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Walker RL, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. Transcriptional regulation and therapeutic potential of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) in sarcoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116342. [PMID: 38848777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Sarcomas include various subtypes comprising two significant groups - soft tissue and bone sarcomas. Although the survival rate for some sarcoma subtypes has improved over time, the current methods of treatment remain efficaciously limited, as recurrent, and metastatic diseases remain a major obstacle. There is a need for better options and therapeutic strategies in treating sarcoma. Cyclin dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) is a transcriptional kinase and has emerged as a promising target for treating various cancers. The aberrant expression and activation of CDK9 have been observed in several sarcoma subtypes, including rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and chordoma. Enhanced CDK9 expression has also been correlated with poorer prognosis in sarcoma patients. As a master regulator of transcription, CDK9 promotes transcription elongation by phosphorylation and releasing RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) from its promoter proximal pause. Release of RNAPII from this pause induces transcription of critical genes in the tumor cell. Overexpression and activation of CDK9 have been observed to lead to the expression of oncogenes, including MYC and MCL-1, that aid sarcoma development and progression. Inhibition of CDK9 in sarcoma has been proven to reduce these oncogenes' expression and decrease proliferation and growth in different sarcoma cells. Currently, there are several CDK9 inhibitors in preclinical and clinical investigations. This review aims to highlight the recent discovery and results on the transcriptional role and therapeutic potential of CDK9 in sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Walker
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Papanicolaou Cancer Research Building, 1550 N.W. 10(th) Avenue, Miami, FL 33136. USA
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Papanicolaou Cancer Research Building, 1550 N.W. 10(th) Avenue, Miami, FL 33136. USA
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Papanicolaou Cancer Research Building, 1550 N.W. 10(th) Avenue, Miami, FL 33136. USA.
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Du X, Qin W, Yang C, Dai L, San M, Xia Y, Zhou S, Wang M, Wu S, Zhang S, Zhou H, Li F, He F, Tang J, Chen JY, Zhou Y, Xiao R. RBM22 regulates RNA polymerase II 5' pausing, elongation rate, and termination by coordinating 7SK-P-TEFb complex and SPT5. Genome Biol 2024; 25:102. [PMID: 38641822 PMCID: PMC11027413 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Splicing factors are vital for the regulation of RNA splicing, but some have also been implicated in regulating transcription. The underlying molecular mechanisms of their involvement in transcriptional processes remain poorly understood. RESULTS Here, we describe a direct role of splicing factor RBM22 in coordinating multiple steps of RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription in human cells. The RBM22 protein widely occupies the RNAPII-transcribed gene locus in the nucleus. Loss of RBM22 promotes RNAPII pause release, reduces elongation velocity, and provokes transcriptional readthrough genome-wide, coupled with production of transcripts containing sequences from downstream of the gene. RBM22 preferentially binds to the hyperphosphorylated, transcriptionally engaged RNAPII and coordinates its dynamics by regulating the homeostasis of the 7SK-P-TEFb complex and the association between RNAPII and SPT5 at the chromatin level. CONCLUSIONS Our results uncover the multifaceted role of RBM22 in orchestrating the transcriptional program of RNAPII and provide evidence implicating a splicing factor in both RNAPII elongation kinetics and termination control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Du
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenying Qin
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Dai
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingkui San
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingdan Xia
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyu Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaorui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiting Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangshu Li
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Chen S, Ulloa R, Soffer J, Alcazar-Felix RJ, Snyderman CH, Gardner PA, Patel VA, Polster SP. Chordoma: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5800. [PMID: 38136345 PMCID: PMC10741859 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aims to characterize ongoing clinical trials and therapeutic treatment options for chordoma, a rare notochordal remnant tumor that primarily affects the cranial base, mobile spine, and sacrum. While radical surgical resection remains the cornerstone for chordoma management, unique technical challenges posed by its proximity to critical neurovascular structures confer a tendency towards disease recurrence which often requires additional treatment modalities. In an attempt to better understand the current treatment landscape, a systematic review was designed to identify clinical trials directed at chordoma. A total of 108 chordoma trials were identified from four clinical trial databases; fifty-one trials were included in the final analysis, of which only 14 were designated as completed (27.5%). Aggregate data suggests most chordoma interventions are repurposed from other neoplasms that share common molecular pathways, with a recent emphasis on combination therapeutics within and across drug classes. Naturally, the publication and dissemination of clinical trial results remain a concern (n = 4, 28.6%), highlighting the need for enhanced reporting and transparency measures. Active clinical trial efforts are quite promising, with a renewed focus on novel biotherapeutic targets and deciphering the natural history, as well as survivorship of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.C.); (R.J.A.-F.)
| | - Ruben Ulloa
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Justin Soffer
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA;
| | | | - Carl H. Snyderman
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Paul A. Gardner
- Center for Cranial Base Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Vijay A. Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Rady Children’s Hospital—San Diego, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Sean P. Polster
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.C.); (R.J.A.-F.)
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Kuang Z, Guo K, Cao Y, Jiang M, Wang C, Wu Q, Hu G, Ao M, Huang M, Qin J, Zhao T, Lu S, Sun C, Li M, Wu T, Liu W, Fang M. The novel CDK9 inhibitor, XPW1, alone and in combination with BRD4 inhibitor JQ1, for the treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1915-1929. [PMID: 37884683 PMCID: PMC10703862 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly lethal malignancy with few therapeutic options. Cyclin‑dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), a potential therapeutic target of many cancers, has been recently observed to be upregulated in ccRCC patients. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of CDK9 in ccRCC and develop a novel CDK9 inhibitor with low toxicity for ccRCC treatment. METHODS The expression of CDK9 in ccRCC was checked using the online database and tissue microarray analysis. shRNA-mediated CDK9 knockdown and CDK inhibitor were applied to evaluate the effect of CDK9 on ccRCC. Medicinal chemistry methods were used to develop a new CDK9 inhibitor with drugability. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq experiments were conducted to explore the mechanism of action. MTS, western blotting, and colony formation assays were performed to evaluate the anti-ccRCC effects of CDK9 knockdown and inhibition in vitro. The in vivo anti-tumour efficacy was evaluated in a xenograft model. RESULTS CDK9 is overexpressed and associated with poor survival in ccRCC. Knockdown or inhibition of CDK9 significantly suppressed ccRCC cells. XPW1 was identified as a new potent and selective CDK9 inhibitor with excellent anti-ccRCC activity and low toxicity. In mechanism, XPW1 transcriptionally inhibited DNA repair programmes in ccRCC cells, resulting in an excellent anti-tumour effect. CDK9 and BRD4 were two highly correlated transcriptional regulators in ccRCC patients, and the BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 enhanced XPW1's anti-ccRCC effects in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This work provides valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of CDK9 in ccRCC. The CDK9 inhibitor XPW1 would be a novel therapeutic agent for targeting ccRCC, alone or in rational combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Kuang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Kaiqiang Guo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
- College of Arts, Sichuan University, 610207, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Cao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Mengxue Jiang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical Colloge), 519 East Beijing Rd, 330029, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiaoqiong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Guosheng Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingtao Ao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingfeng Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingbo Qin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Taige Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Cuiling Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.
| | - Meijuan Fang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.
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Zhong W, Huang L, Lin Y, Xing C, Lu C. Endogenous dual miRNA-triggered dynamic assembly of DNA nanostructures for in-situ dual siRNA delivery. SCIENCE CHINA MATERIALS 2023; 66:1-9. [PMID: 37362200 PMCID: PMC10163297 DOI: 10.1007/s40843-022-2420-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
A theranostic strategy of multiple microRNA (miRNA)-triggered in-situ delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) can effectively improve the precise therapy of cancer cells. Benefiting from the advantages of programmability, specific molecular recognition, easy functionalization and marked biocompatibility of DNA nanostructures, we designed a three-dimensional (3D) DNA nano-therapeutic platform for dual miRNA-triggered in-situ delivery of siRNA. The 3D DNA nanostructure (TY1Y2) was constructed based on the self-assembly of a DNA tetrahedra scaffold, two sets of Y-shaped DNA (Y1 and Y2), and EpCAM-aptamer which functionalized as the ligand molecule for the recognition of specific cancer cells. After being specifically internalized into the targeted cancer cells, TY1Y2 was triggered by two endogenous miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-122), resulting in the generation of strong fluorescence resonance energy transfer fluorescent signal for dual miRNAs imaging. Meanwhile, the therapeutic siRNAs (siSurvivin and siBcl2) could also be in-situ generated and released from TY1Y2 through the strand-displacement reactions for the synergistic gene therapy of cancer cells. This 3D DNA nanostructure integrated the specific imaging of endogenous biomarkers and the in-situ delivery of therapeutic genes into the multifunctional nanoplatform, revealing the promising applications for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s40843-022-2420-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wukun Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116 China
| | - Lei Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116 China
| | - Yuhong Lin
- Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology, School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000 China
| | - Chao Xing
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Center for Advanced Marine Materials and Smart Sensors, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108 China
| | - Chunhua Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116 China
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Prognostic Impact of Caspase-8, CDK9 and Phospho-CDK9 (Thr 186) Expression in Patients with Uterine Cervical Cancer Treated with Definitive Chemoradiation and Brachytherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225500. [PMID: 36428594 PMCID: PMC9688434 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: After primary platinum-based chemoradiation of locally advanced uterine cervical cancer, a substantial proportion of women present with persistent, recurrent or metastatic disease, indicating an unmet need for biomarker development. Methods: We evaluated the clinical records of 69 cervical cancer patients (Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FIGO Stage > IB3) who were subjected to definitive CRT. Immunohistochemical scoring of caspase-8, cyclin dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) and phosphorylated (phospho-)CDK9 (threonine (Thr) 186) was performed on pretreatment samples and correlated with the histopathological and clinical endpoints, including relapse-free survival (RFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Lower levels of caspase-8 were more prevalent in patients with a higher T-stage (p = 0.002) and a higher FIGO stage (p = 0.003), and were significantly correlated with CDK9 expression (p = 0.018) and inversely with pCDK9 detection (p = 0.014). Increased caspase-8 levels corresponded to improved RFS (p = 0.005), DMFS (p = 0.038) and CSS (p = 0.017) in the univariate analyses. Low CDK9 expression was associated with worse RFS (p = 0.008), CSS (p = 0.015) and OS (p = 0.007), but not DMFS (p = 0.083), and remained a significant prognosticator for RFS (p = 0.003) and CSS (p = 0.009) in the multivariate analyses. Furthermore, low pCDK9 staining was significantly associated with superior RFS (p = 0.004) and DMFS (p = 0.001), and increased CSS (p = 0.022), and remained significant for these endpoints in the multivariate analyses. Conclusion: Increased caspase-8 and CDK9 levels correlate with improved disease-related outcomes in cervical cancer patients treated with CRT, whereas elevated pCDK9 levels predict worse survival in this patient population.
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Wu L, Liu W, Huang Y, Zhu C, Ma Q, Wu Q, Tian L, Feng X, Liu M, Wang N, Xu X, Liu X, Xu C, Qiu J, Xu Z, Liu W, Zhao Q. Development and structure-activity relationship of tacrine derivatives as highly potent CDK2/9 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 242:114701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Advances in the development of chordoma models for drug discovery and precision medicine. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Parvathareddy SK, Siraj AK, Masoodi T, Annaiyappanaidu P, Al-Badawi IA, Al-Dayel F, Al-Kuraya KS. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) predicts recurrence in Middle Eastern epithelial ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:69. [PMID: 34011401 PMCID: PMC8136118 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00827-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) has been shown to play an important role in tumorigenesis of several malignancies. However, the expression of CDK9 in ovarian cancer from Middle Eastern ethnicity remains unknown. Methods A tissue microarray of 441 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) samples was used to study the expression of CDK9 immunohistochemically and their clinico-pathological associations were determined. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis of recurrence-free survival. Results CDK9 over-expression was noted in 56.2 % (248/441) of EOCs and was associated with adverse clinico-pathological parameters such as distant metastasis (p < 0.0001), stage IV tumors (p < 0.0001), tumor recurrence (p = 0.0105) and high Ki-67 index (p < 0.0001). Importantly, CDK9 over-expression was an independent predictor of poor recurrence-free survival (Hazard ratio = 1.51; 95 % confidence interval = 1.15–1.98; p = 0.0030). We also found that CDK9 outperforms Ki-67 as a predictor of tumor recurrence in EOC. Conclusions Our results show that CDK9 expression correlates with markers of advanced disease in Middle Eastern EOC and is also a prognostic marker. CDK9 overexpression also identifies a subset of patients with highest likelihood of recurrence across the patient cohort. These patients may benefit from additional alternative therapies targeting CKD9. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-021-00827-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul K Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Padmanaban Annaiyappanaidu
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail A Al-Badawi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawla S Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Zhao Y, Zhao T, Cao Y, Sun J, Zhou Q, Chen H, Guo S, Wang Y, Zhen Y, Liang XJ, Zhang S. Temperature-Sensitive Lipid-Coated Carbon Nanotubes for Synergistic Photothermal Therapy and Gene Therapy. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6517-6529. [PMID: 33749240 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and gene therapy (GT) shows great potential to achieve synergistic anti-tumor activity. However, the lack of a controlled release of genes from carriers remains a severe hindrance. Herein, peptide lipid (PL) and sucrose laurate (SL) were used to coat single-walled carbon nanotubes (SCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) to form bifunctional delivery systems (denoted SCNT-PS and MCNT-PS, respectively) with excellent temperature-sensitivity and photothermal performance. CNT/siRNA suppressed tumor growth by silencing survivin expression while exhibiting photothermal effects under near-infrared (NIR) light. SCNT-PS/siRNA showed very high anti-tumor activity, resulting in the complete inhibition of some tumors. It was highly efficient for systemic delivery to tumor sites and to facilitate siRNA release owing to the phase transition of the temperature-sensitive lipids, due to PL and SL coating. Thus, SCNT-PS/siRNA is a promising anti-tumor nanocarrier for combined PTT and GT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Tianyi Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yingnan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Shutao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuhong Zhen
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shubiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
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Thanindratarn P, Dean DC, Nelson SD, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) is a Novel Prognostic and Therapeutic Target in Chordoma. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12901. [PMID: 32960500 PMCID: PMC7574876 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the expression, prognostic value, and functionality of T‐lymphokine‐activated killer (T‐LAK) cell‐originated protein kinase (TOPK) in chordoma pathogenesis. Materials and Methods TOPK expression in chordoma was assessed via immunohistochemical staining of a tissue microarray (TMA) and correlated with patient clinicopathology. TOPK expression in chordoma cell lines and fresh patient tissues was then evaluated by Western blot. TOPK small interfering RNA (siRNA) and the specific inhibitor OTS514 were applied to determine the roles of TOPK in chordoma pathogenicity. The effect of TOPK expression on chordoma cell clonogenicity was also investigated using clonogenic assays. A 3D cell culture model was utilized to mimic in vivo environment to validate the effect of TOPK inhibition on chordoma cells. Results TOPK was highly expressed in 78.2% of the chordoma specimens in the TMA and all chordoma cell lines. High TOPK expression significantly correlated with metastasis, recurrence, disease status and shorter overall survival. Knockdown of TOPK with specific siRNA resulted in significantly decrease chordoma cell viability. Inhibition of TOPK with OTS514 significantly inhibited chordoma cell growth and proliferation, colony‐forming capacity and ex vivo spheroid growth. Conclusions High expression of TOPK is an important predictor of poor prognosis in chordoma. Inhibition of TOPK resulted in significantly decrease chordoma cell proliferation and increase apoptosis. Our results indicate TOPK as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for chordoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichaya Thanindratarn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chulabhorn hospital, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dylan C Dean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Scott D Nelson
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of methylenehydrazine-1-carboxamide derivatives with (5-((4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indole scaffold: Novel potential CDK9 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104064. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Wu T, Qin Z, Tian Y, Wang J, Xu C, Li Z, Bian J. Recent Developments in the Biology and Medicinal Chemistry of CDK9 Inhibitors: An Update. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13228-13257. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tizhi Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jubo Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinlei Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
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