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Li M, Gao X, Su Y, Shan S, Qian W, Zhang Z, Zhu D. FOXM1 transcriptional regulation. Biol Cell 2024:e2400012. [PMID: 38963053 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
FOXM1 is a key transcriptional regulator involved in various biological processes in mammals, including carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, aging, immune regulation, development, and disease. Early studies have shown that FOXM1 acts as an oncogene by regulating cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, metastasis, and apoptosis, as well as genes related to diagnosis, treatment, chemotherapy resistance, and prognosis. Researchers are increasingly focusing on FOXM1 functions in tumor microenvironment, epigenetics, and immune infiltration. However, researchers have not comprehensively described FOXM1's involvement in tumor microenvironment shaping, epigenetics, and immune cell infiltration. Here we review the role of FOXM1 in the formation and development of malignant tumors, and we will provide a comprehensive summary of the role of FOXM1 in transcriptional regulation, interacting proteins, tumor microenvironment, epigenetics, and immune infiltration, and suggest areas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Xuzheng Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Yanting Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Shigang Shan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhenwang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, P. R. China
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Wang M, Ying Q, Ding R, Xing Y, Wang J, Pan Y, Pan B, Xiang G, Liu Z. Elucidating prognosis in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma: a novel anoikis-related gene signature model. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1352638. [PMID: 38988712 PMCID: PMC11234598 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1352638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) are among the most prevalent gynecologic malignancies globally. The prognosis is abysmal once cervical cancer progresses to lymphatic metastasis. Anoikis, a specialized form of apoptosis induced by loss of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, plays a critical role. The prediction model based on anoikis-related genes (ARGs) expression and clinical data could greatly aid clinical decision-making. However, the relationship between ARGs and CESC remains unclear. Methods ARGs curated from the GeneCards and Harmonizome portals were instrumental in delineating CESC subtypes and in developing a prognostic framework for patients afflicted with this condition. We further delved into the intricacies of the immune microenvironment and pathway enrichment across the identified subtypes. Finally, our efforts culminated in the creation of an innovative nomogram that integrates ARGs. The utility of this prognostic tool was underscored by Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), which illuminate its prospective benefits in guiding clinical interventions. Results In our study, We discerned a set of 17 survival-pertinent, anoikis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CESC, from which nine were meticulously selected for the construction of prognostic models. The derived prognostic risk score was subsequently validated as an autonomous prognostic determinant. Through comprehensive functional analyses, we observed distinct immune profiles and drug response patterns among divergent prognostic stratifications. Further, we integrated the risk scores with the clinicopathological characteristics of CESC to develop a robust nomogram. DCA corroborated the utility of our model, demonstrating its potential to enhance patient outcomes through tailored clinical treatment strategies. Conclusion The predictive signature, encompassing nine pivotal genes, alongside the meticulously constructed nomogram developed in this research, furnishes clinicians with a sophisticated tool for tailoring treatment strategies to individual patients diagnosed with CESC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei- Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaohui- Ying
- Institute of Oral Basic Research, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ru Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuncan- Xing
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiming- Pan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Guifen- Xiang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Sun W, Sheng X, Li P, Li R, Guo Z, Lin H, Gong Y. Identification of vilazodone as a novel plasminogen activator inhibitor to overcome Alzheimer's disease through virtual screening, molecular dynamics simulation, and biological evaluation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400263. [PMID: 38816779 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU), a member of the S1 serine peptidase family in Clan PA, plays a crucial role in the conversion of plasminogen into active plasmin. However, the precise role of PLAU in the central nervous system remains incompletely elucidated, particularly, in relation to Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we successfully identified that PLAU could promote cell senescence in neurons, indicating it as a potential target for AD treatment through a systematic approach, which included both bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. Subsequently, a structure-based virtual screening approach was employed to identify a potential PLAU inhibitor from the Food and Drug Administration-approved drug database. After analyzing docking scores and thoroughly examining the receptor-ligand complex interaction modes, vilazodone emerges as a highly promising PLAU inhibitor. Additionally, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to generate a complex structure between the relatively stable inhibitor vilazodone and PLAU. Of note, vilazodone exhibited superior cytotoxicity against senescent cells, showing a senolytic activity through targeting PLAU and ultimately producing an anti-AD effect. These findings suggest that targeting PLAU could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. Furthermore, investigating the inhibitory potential and structural modifications based on vilazodone may provide valuable insights for future drug development targeting PLAU in AD disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Food Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Sheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Food Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiru Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Food Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Runwu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Food Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zihe Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Food Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Lin
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuesong Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Food Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Liu T, Ma Y, Han S, Sun P. Genome-wide investigation of lncRNAs revealed their tight association with gastric cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:261. [PMID: 38761291 PMCID: PMC11102383 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05790-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant health issue globally, ranking as the fifth most common cancer with over 10,000 new cases reported annually. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has emerged as a critical player in cellular functions, influencing GC's development, growth, metastasis, and prognosis. However, our understanding of lncRNA's role in the pathogenesis of GC remains limited. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore the relationship between lncRNA and gastric cancer. METHODS we conducted a comprehensive analysis of RNA sequencing data from the GEO database and stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) data from the TCGA database to identify lncRNAs that exhibit altered expression levels in GC and the mechanisms underlying lncRNA-mediated transcription and post-transcriptional regulation were explored. RESULTS This study uncovered 94 lncRNAs with differential expression and, through co-expression analysis, linked these to 1508 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO functional enrichment analysis highlighted that these DEGs are involved in critical pathways, such as cell adhesion and the positive regulation of cell migration. By establishing a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, we found that the ceRNA mechanism, particularly involving RP11-357H14.17 and CTD-2377D24.4, could play a role in GC progression. Experimental validation of selected differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs (including RP11-357H14.17-CLDN1, BBOX1, TRPM2-AS, CLDN1, PLAU, HOXB7) confirmed the RNA-seq results. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings highlight the critical role of the lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network in the development and progression of GC, offering potential biomarkers for diagnosis and targets for innovative treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yuedong Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Shuo Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Pengda Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
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Cui X, Sun H, Liu X, Bai Y, Bai Y, Cui Y, Wang B, Zhang S, Li X. PLAU promotes cell proliferation and migration of head and neck cancer via STAT3 signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2024; 438:114056. [PMID: 38663475 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
It was reported that within the head and neck cancer (HNC) cell line CAL21 the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell proliferation were promoted by Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator (PLAU) proteinase through TNFRSF12A. Additionally, in this paper HNC cell lines refer to Fadu and Tu686. A novel PLAU-STAT3 axis was found to be involved in HNC cell line proliferation and metastasis. PLAU expression in HNC samples was upregulated, besides, the elevated expression of PLAU was linked to the lower overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Ectopic PLAU expression promoted cell proliferation and migration, while PLAU knockdown exhibited opposite results. RNA-seq data identified the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, confirmed by western blotting. A recovery assay using S3I-201, a selective inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), indicated that PLAU promoted HNC cell line progression via STAT3 signaling in vitro. The oncogenic role of PLAU in HNC tumor growth in vivo was confirmed using xenograft models. In summary, we identified the tumorigenic PLAU function in the HNC progress. PLAU may represent a potential prognostic biomarker of HNC and the PLAU-STAT3 pathway might be considered a therapeutic target of HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Cui
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, PR China.
| | - Hongyang Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, PR China
| | - Yunfei Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, PR China
| | - Yanping Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, PR China
| | - Yanru Cui
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, PR China
| | - Boqian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, PR China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, PR China
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Pan L, Zhang L, Fu J, Shen K, Zhang G. Integrated transcriptome sequencing and weighted gene co-expression network analysis reveals key genes of papillary thyroid carcinomas. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27928. [PMID: 38560266 PMCID: PMC10981042 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for the majority of thyroid cancers and has a high recurrence rate. We aimed to screen key genes involved in PTC to provide novel insights into the mechanisms of PTC. Methods Seven microarray datasets of PTC were downloaded from gene expression omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PTC and normal samples were screened in the merged dataset. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPIs) functional modules analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were utilized to identify PTC-associated key genes. The identified key genes were then characterized from various aspects, including gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the associations with immune infiltration, methylation levels and prognosis. Results A large numbers of DEGs were identified, and these DEGs are involved in several cancer pathways. Nine key genes (including down-regulated genes GNA14, AVPR1A, and WFS1, and up-regulated genes LAMB3, PLAU, MET, MFGE8, PRSS23, and SERPINA1) were identified. Patients in the AVPR1A and GNA14 high expression groups had better disease-free survival (DFS) than those in the low expression group. Key genes were mainly involved in P53 pathway, estrogen response, apoptosis, glycolysis, NOTCH signaling, epithelial mesenchymal transition, WNT_beta catenin signaling, and inflammatory response. The expression of key genes was associated with immune cell infiltration and corresponding methylation levels. The verification results of key gene proteins and mRNA expression levels using external validation datasets were consistent with our expectations, implying the involvements of key genes in PTC. Conclusion The key genes may serve as potential therapeutic targets for PTC. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying PTC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Pan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - Lianbo Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - Jingyao Fu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - Keyu Shen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
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Almohammad Aljabr B, Zihlif M, Abu-Dahab R, Zalloum H. Effect of quercetin on doxorubicin cytotoxicity in sensitive and resistant human MCF7 breast cancer cell lines. Biomed Rep 2024; 20:58. [PMID: 38414625 PMCID: PMC10895388 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the major cause of cancer recurrence, relapse and eventual death. Doxorubicin resistance is one such challenge in breast cancer. The use of quercetin, an antioxidant, in combination with doxorubicin has been investigated for offering protection to normal cells from the toxic side effects of doxorubicin in addition to modulation of its resistance. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin in prevention of a doxorubicin-chemoresistant phenotype in both doxorubicin-sensitive and -resistant human MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. A doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 cell line was established. The development of resistant cells was closely monitored for changes in morphological features. Sensitivity to doxorubicin and the doxorubicin/quercetin combination was assessed using the tetrazolium assay. To determine the mechanism by which quercetin sensitizes the doxorubicin MCF-7-resistant cell line to doxorubicin, gene expression alterations in breast cancer-related genes were examined using the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) array technology. Resistant MCF cells were successfully developed and the inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of doxorubicin increased from 0.133 to 4 µM (wild-type to resistant). The effects of the quercetin/doxorubicin combination exhibited different effects on wild-type vs. resistant cells. The IC50 of doxorubicin was reduced in wild cells, whereas resistant cells showed an increase in cell viability at lower concentrations and a potentiation of the effects of doxorubicin only at higher concentrations. Annexin V/propidium iodide staining demonstrated that quercetin drives cells into late apoptosis and necrosis, but in resistant cells, necrosis predominates. RT-qPCR results revealed that quercetin led to a reversal in doxorubicin effects via up- and downregulation of important genes such as SNAI2, PLAU and CSF1 genes. Downregulation of cell migration genes, SNAI2 (-31.23-fold) and plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU; -30.62-fold), and the apoptotic pathway gene, colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1; -17.25-fold) were the most important querticin-associated events. Other gene alterations were also observed involving cell cycle arrest and DNA repair pathways. The results of the present study indicated that quercetin could lead to a reversal of doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer cells via downregulation of the expression of important genes, such as SNAI2, PLAU and CSF1. Such findings may represent a potential strategy for reversing breast cancer cell-related chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Almohammad Aljabr
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Malek Zihlif
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Rana Abu-Dahab
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Hiba Zalloum
- Hamdi Mango Research Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Ziman B, Yang Q, Zheng Y, Sheth M, Nam C, Zhao H, Zhang L, Hu B, Bhowmick NA, Sinha UK, Lin DC. Epigenomic analyses identify FOXM1 as a key regulator of anti-tumor immune response in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:152. [PMID: 38373993 PMCID: PMC10876663 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06488-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Unlike most cancer types, the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has rapidly escalated in the western world over recent decades. Using whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), we identify the transcription factor (TF) FOXM1 as an important epigenetic regulator of EAC. FOXM1 plays a critical role in cellular proliferation and tumor growth in EAC patient-derived organoids and cell line models. We identify ERBB2 as an upstream regulator of the expression and transcriptional activity of FOXM1. Unexpectedly, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) unbiased screen reveals a prominent anti-correlation between FOXM1 and immune response pathways. Indeed, syngeneic mouse models show that FOXM1 inhibits the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment. Consistently, FOXM1 suppresses CD8+ T cell chemotaxis in vitro and antigen-dependent CD8+ T cell killing. This study characterizes FOXM1 as a significant EAC-promoting TF and elucidates its novel function in regulating anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ziman
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Qian Yang
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127S. San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Yueyuan Zheng
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127S. San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Megha Sheth
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Chehyun Nam
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Hua Zhao
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Le Zhang
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127S. San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Boyan Hu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127S. San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Uttam K Sinha
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - De-Chen Lin
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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Wu Y, Ren L, Tang Y, Zhu Z, Liu S, Jiang Y, Zhang S, Zhuang X, Chen Y. Immunobiological signatures and the emerging role of SPP1 in predicting tumor heterogeneity, malignancy, and clinical outcomes in stomach adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:11588-11610. [PMID: 37889539 PMCID: PMC10637809 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy, as a form of immunobiological therapy, represents a promising approach for enhancing patients' immune responses. This work aims to present innovative ideas and insights for prognostic assessment and clinical treatment of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) by leveraging immunobiological signatures. METHODS We employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and unsupervised clustering analysis to identify hub genes. These hub genes were utilized to construct a prognostic risk model, and their impact on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and DNA variations was assessed using large-scale STAD patient cohorts. Additionally, we conducted transfection experiments with plasmids to investigate the influence of SPP1 on the malignancy of HGC27 and NCI-N87 cells. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering of 12 immune-related genes (IRGs) revealed three distinct alteration patterns with unique molecular phenotypes, clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis, and TME features. Using LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analyses, we identified three hub genes (MMP12, SPP1, PLAU) from the IRGs to establish a risk signature. This IRG-related risk model significantly stratified the prognosis risk among STAD patients in the training (n = 522), testing (n = 521), and validation (n = 300) cohorts. Notably, there were discernible differences in therapy responses and TME characteristics, such as tumor purity and lymphocyte infiltration, between the risk model groups. Subsequently, a nomogram that incorporates the IRG signature and clinicopathological factors demonstrated superior sensitivity and specificity in predicting outcomes for STAD patients. Furthermore, down-regulation of SPP1, as observed after siRNA transfection, significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration abilities of HGC27 and NCI-N87 cells. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this study highlights the critical role of immune-related signatures in STAD and offers novel insights into prognosis indicators and immunotherapeutic targets for this condition. SPP1 emerges as an independent prognostic factor for STAD and appears to regulate STAD progression by influencing the immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rudong People’s Hospital, Rudong Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lingyu Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rudong People’s Hospital, Rudong Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yichun Tang
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Nantong Tumor Hospital and Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Nantong Tumor Hospital and Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shifan Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Engineering Training Center, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Siming Zhang
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Nantong Tumor Hospital and Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaocan Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rudong People’s Hospital, Rudong Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuanbiao Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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Shi J, Peng B, Zhou X, Wang C, Xu R, Lu T, Chang X, Shen Z, Wang K, Xu C, Zhang L. An anoikis-based gene signature for predicting prognosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma and revealing immune infiltration. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:12089-12102. [PMID: 37421452 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive, treatment-resistant tumor. Anoikis is a particular type of programmed apoptosis brought on by the separation of cell-cell or extracellular matrix (ECM). Anoikis has been recognized as a crucial element in the development of tumors. However, few studies have comprehensively examined the role of anoikis-related genes (ARGs) in malignant mesothelioma. METHODS ARGs were gathered from the GeneCard database and the Harmonizome portals. We obtained differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the GEO database. Univariate Cox regression analysis, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were utilized to select ARGs associated with the prognosis of MPM. We then developed a risk model, and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and calibration curves were employed to confirm the ability of the model. The patients were divided into various subgroups using consensus clustering analysis. Based on the median risk score, patients were divided into low- and high-risk groups. Functional analysis and immune cell infiltration analysis were conducted to estimate molecular mechanisms and the immune infiltration landscape of patients. Finally, drug sensitivity analysis and tumor microenvironment landscape were further explored. RESULTS A novel risk model was constructed based on the six ARGs. The patients were successfully divided into two subgroups by consensus clustering analysis, with a striking difference in the prognosis and landscape of immune infiltration. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the OS rate of the low-risk group was significantly higher than the high-risk group. Functional analysis, immune cell infiltration analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis showed that high- and low-risk groups had different immune statuses and drug sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we developed a novel risk model to predict MPM prognosis based on six selected ARGs, which could broaden comprehension of personalized and precise therapy approaches for MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyu Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyou Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Xu X, Yu Y, Yang L, Wang B, Fan Y, Ruan B, Zhang X, Dai H, Mei W, Jie W, Zheng S. Integrated analysis of Dendrobium nobile extract Dendrobin A against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and validation experiments. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1079539. [PMID: 36937875 PMCID: PMC10014786 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1079539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Dendrobium nobile (D. nobile), a traditional Chinese medicine, has received attention as an anti-tumor drug, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we applied network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and in vitro experiments to explore the effect and mechanism of Dendrobin A, the active ingredient of D. nobile, against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: The databases of SwissTargetPrediction and PharmMapper were used to obtain the potential targets of Dendrobin A, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PDAC and normal pancreatic tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for Dendrobin A anti-PDAC targets was constructed based on the STRING database. Molecular docking was used to assess Dendrobin A anti-PDAC targets. PLAU, one of the key targets of Dendrobin A anti-PDAC, was immunohistochemically stained in clinical tissue arrays. Finally, in vitro experiments were used to validate the effects of Dendrobin A on PLAU expression and the proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion of PDAC cells. Results: A total of 90 genes for Dendrobin A anti-PDAC were screened, and a PPI network for Dendrobin A anti-PDAC targets was constructed. Notably, a scale-free module with 19 genes in the PPI indicated that the PPI is highly credible. Among these 19 genes, PLAU was positively correlated with the cachexia status while negatively correlated with the overall survival of PDAC patients. Through molecular docking, Dendrobin A was found to bind to PLAU, and the Dendrobin A treatment led to an attenuated PLAU expression in PDAC cells. Based on clinical tissue arrays, PLAU protein was highly expressed in PDAC cells compared to normal controls, and PLAU protein levels were associated with the differentiation and lymph node metastatic status of PDAC. In vitro experiments further showed that Dendrobin A treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion, inducing apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle of PDAC cells at the G2/M phase. Conclusion: Dendrobin A, a representative active ingredient of D. nobile, can effectively fight against PDAC by targeting PLAU. Our results provide the foundation for future PDAC treatment based on D. nobile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xu
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Cancer Institute, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yaping Yu
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Cancer Institute, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development from Li Folk Medicine of Hainan Province, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Bingshu Wang
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Cancer Institute, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yonghao Fan
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Cancer Institute, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Banzhan Ruan
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Cancer Institute, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaodian Zhang
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Cancer Institute, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Haofu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development from Li Folk Medicine of Hainan Province, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Wenli Mei
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development from Li Folk Medicine of Hainan Province, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenli Mei, ; Wei Jie, ; Shaojiang Zheng,
| | - Wei Jie
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Cancer Institute, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenli Mei, ; Wei Jie, ; Shaojiang Zheng,
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Cancer Institute, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province & Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenli Mei, ; Wei Jie, ; Shaojiang Zheng,
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Tan J, Ge Y, Zhang M, Ding M. Proteomics analysis uncovers plasminogen activator PLAU as a target of the STING pathway for suppression of cancer cell migration and invasion. J Biol Chem 2022; 299:102779. [PMID: 36496076 PMCID: PMC9823231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is vital for immune defense against pathogen invasion and cancer. Although ample evidence substantiates that the STING signaling pathway plays an essential role in various cancers via cytokines, no comprehensive investigation of secretory proteins regulated by the STING pathway has been conducted hitherto. Herein, we identify 24 secretory proteins significantly regulated by the STING signaling pathway through quantitative proteomics. Mechanistic analyses reveal that STING activation inhibits the translation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU) via the STING-PERK-eIF2α signaling axis. PLAU is highly expressed in a variety of cancers and promotes the migration and invasion of cancer cells. Notably, the activation of STING inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion by suppressing PLAU. Collectively, these results provide novel insights into the anticancer mechanism of the STING pathway, offering a theoretical basis for precision therapy for this patient population.
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Ma K, Sun Z, Li X, Guo J, Wang Q, Teng M. Forkhead box M1 recruits FoxP3 + Treg cells to induce immune escape in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e727. [PMID: 36301031 PMCID: PMC9597491 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) is a malignancy related to chronic biliary tract inflammation. Tumor immune escape is a necessary process of tumorigenesis. Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) could affect the progression of various carcinomas. This study attempted to elaborate on the mechanism of FoxM1 in HCCA immune escape. Methods HCCA cell lines were collected to measure the expression of FoxM1 and FoxP3. CD8+ T cells were extracted to establish the co‐culture system with HCCA cells and Treg cells. pcDNA3.1‐FoxM1 or si‐FoxP3 was transfected into HCCA cells in the co‐culture system. HCCA cell viability, mobility, and invasiveness as well as levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β and interleukin (IL)‐6 were evaluated. The binding relation between FoxM1 and FoxP3 promoter was verified. HCCA cells with pcDNA3.1‐FoxM1 were subcutaneously injected into mice to establish the xenograft mouse models. Results FoxM1 and FoxP3 were overexpressed in HCCA cells. The co‐culture of CD8+ T and HCCA cells inhibited HCCA cell activity and Treg cells limited CD8+ T killing. FoxM1 overexpression strengthened the inhibiting role of Treg cells in CD8+ T killing, upregulated TGF‐β and IL‐6 levels, and encouraged HCCA immune escape. FoxM1 bound to the FoxP3 promoter region to promote FoxP3 transcription. Silencing of FoxP3 neutralized the promoting role of FoxM1 overexpression in Treg cell immunosuppression and HCCA cell immune escape. FoxM1 aggravated tumor development, upregulated FoxP3 expression, increased Treg cells, and reduced CD8+ T cells. Conclusion FoxM1 bound to the FoxP3 promoter region to promote FoxP3 transcription and recruited FoxP3+ Treg cells, thereby inducing HCCA immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Zhaowei Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Xueliang Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Jingyun Guo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Qinlei Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Mujian Teng
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceP.R. China
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Kumari P, Kumar S, Sethy M, Bhue S, Mohanta BK, Dixit A. Identification of therapeutically potential targets and their ligands for the treatment of OSCC. Front Oncol 2022; 12:910494. [PMID: 36203433 PMCID: PMC9530560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.910494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in cancer biology have revealed molecular changes associated with carcinogenesis and chemotherapeutic exposure. The available information is being gainfully utilized to develop therapies targeting specific molecules involved in cancer cell growth, survival, and chemoresistance. Targeted therapies have dramatically increased overall survival (OS) in many cancers. Therefore, developing such targeted therapies against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is anticipated to have significant clinical implications. In the current work, we have identified drug-specific sensitivity-related prognostic biomarkers (BOP1, CCNA2, CKS2, PLAU, and SERPINE1) using gene expression, Cox proportional hazards regression, and machine learning in OSCC. Dysregulation of these markers is significantly associated with OS in many cancers. Their elevated expression is related to cellular proliferation and aggressive malignancy in various cancers. Mechanistically, inhibition of these biomarkers should significantly reduce cellular proliferation and metastasis in OSCC and should result in better OS. It is pertinent to note that no effective small-molecule candidate has been identified against these biomarkers to date. Therefore, a comprehensive in silico drug design strategy assimilating homology modeling, extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and ensemble molecular docking has been applied to identify potential compounds against identified targets, and potential molecules have been identified. We hope that this study will help in deciphering potential genes having roles in chemoresistance and a significant impact on OS. It will also result in the identification of new targeted therapeutics against OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratima Kumari
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, India
| | - Sugandh Kumar
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Madhusmita Sethy
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Shyamlal Bhue
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, India
| | - Bineet Kumar Mohanta
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, India
| | - Anshuman Dixit
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- *Correspondence: Anshuman Dixit,
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Demirtas Korkmaz F, Dogan Turacli I, Esendagli G, Ekmekci A. Effects of thiostrepton alone or in combination with selumetinib on triple-negative breast cancer metastasis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10387-10397. [PMID: 36097108 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE FoxM1 transcription factor contributes to tumor metastasis and poor prognosis in many cancers including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this study, we examined the effects of FoxM1 inhibitor Thiostrepton (THIO) alone or in combination with MEK inhibitor Selumetinib (SEL) on metastatic parameters in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry was used to assess metastasis-related protein expressions in 4T1 cells and its allograft tumor model in BALB/c mice. In vivo uPA activity was determined by enzymatic methods. RESULTS Both inhibitors were effective on the expressions of FoxM1, ERK, p-ERK, Twist, E-cadherin, and Vimentin alone or in combination in vitro. THIO significantly decreased 4T1 cell migration and changed the cell morphology from mesenchymal-like to epithelial-like structure. THIO was more effective than in combination with SEL in terms of metastatic protein expressions in vivo. THIO alone significantly inhibited mean tumor growth, decreased lung metastasis rate and tumor foci, however, no significant changes in these parameters were observed in the combined group. Immunohistochemically, FoxM1 expression intensity was decreased with THIO and its combination with SEL in the tumors. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that inhibiting FoxM1 as a single target is more effective than combined treatment with MEK in theTNBC allograft model. The therapeutic efficacy of THIO should be investigated with further studies on appropriate drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Demirtas Korkmaz
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. .,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, 28100, Turkey.
| | - Irem Dogan Turacli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Guldal Esendagli
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Ekmekci
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Wang H, Lu L, Liang X, Chen Y. Identification of prognostic genes in the pancreatic adenocarcinoma immune microenvironment by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:1757-1769. [PMID: 34854950 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03110-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the most common causes of death among solid tumors, and its pathogenesis remains to be clarified. This study aims to elucidate the value of immune/stromal-related genes in the prognosis of PAAD through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis based on the immune microenvironment and validated in Chinese pancreatic cancer patients. METHODS Gene expression profiles of pancreatic cancer patients were obtained from TCGA database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on the ESTIMATE algorithm. Gene co-expression networks were constructed using WGCNA. In the key module, survival analysis was used to reveal the prognostic value. Subsequently, we performed functional enrichment analysis to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The relationship between tumor immune infiltration and hub genes was analyzed by TIMER and CIBERSORT. Finally, it was validated in the GEO database and in tissues of Chinese pancreatic cancer patients. RESULTS In the TCGA pancreatic cancer cohort, a low immune/stromal score was associated with a good prognosis. After bioinformatic analysis, 57 genes were identified to be significantly associated with pancreatic cancer prognosis. Among them, up-regulation of four genes (COL6A3, PLAU, MMP11 and MMP14) indicated poor prognosis and was associated with multiple immune cell infiltration. IHC results showed that PLAU protein levels from Chinese pancreatic cancer tissues were significantly higher than those from adjacent non-tumor tissues and were also associated with tumor TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study demonstrates that PLAU may serve as a new diagnostic and therapeutic target, which is highly expressed in Chinese pancreatic cancer tissues and associated with lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolan Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Liqing Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xujun Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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MicroRNA-877-5p Inhibits Cell Progression by Targeting FOXM1 in Lung Cancer. Can Respir J 2022; 2022:4256172. [PMID: 35756697 PMCID: PMC9217556 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4256172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many researches revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) function as potential oncogene or tumor suppressor gene. As an antioncogene, miR-877-5p was reduced in many tumors. Objective This research aimed to explore the biological role and mechanisms of miR-877-5p, which may help patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) find effective therapeutic targets. Methods The downstream targets of miR-877-5p were predicted by Bioinformatics software. RT-qPCR and western blot were employed to analyze the gene levels. The impacts of miR-877-5p and FOXM1 were assessed by cell function experiments. Results The miR-877-5p was reduced in NSCLC. In addition to this, it also inhibited cell progression of NSCLC cells in vitro. Moreover, the upregulation of FOXM1 expression restored the inhibitory effect of enhancement of miR-877-5p. Conclusions Taken together, miR-877-5p inhibited cell progression by directly targeting FOXM1, which may provide potential biomarkers for targeted therapy of NSCLC.
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Hyperglycemia Promotes Endothelial Cell Senescence through AQR/PLAU Signaling Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052879. [PMID: 35270021 PMCID: PMC8911151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is reported to accelerate endothelial cell senescence that contributes to diabetic complications. The underlying mechanism, however, remains elusive. We previously demonstrated AQR as a susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and showed that it was increased in multiple tissues in models with T2DM or metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the role of AQR in hyperglycemia-induced senescence and its underlying mechanism. Here, we retrieved several datasets of the aging models and found the expression of AQR was increased by high glucose and by aging across species, including C. elegans (whole-body), rat (cardiac tissues), and monkey (blood). we validated the increased AQR expression in senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). When overexpressed, AQR promoted the endothelial cell senescence, confirmed by an increased number of cells stained with senescence-associated beta-galactosidase and upregulation of CDKN1A (P21) as well as the prohibited cellular colony formation and G2/M phase arrest. To explore the mechanism by which AQR regulated the cellular senescence, transcriptomic analyses of HUVECs with the overexpression and knockdown of the AQR were performed. We identified 52 co-expressed genes that were enriched, in the terms of plasminogen activation, innate immunity, immunity, and antiviral defense. Among co-expressed genes, PLAU was selected to evaluate its contribution to senescence for its highest strength in the enrichment of the biological process. We demonstrated that the knockdown of PLAU rescued senescence-related phenotypes, endothelial cell activation, and inflammation in models induced by AQR or TNF-α. These findings, for the first time, indicate that AQR/PLAU is a critical signaling axis in the modulation of endothelial cell senescence, revealing a novel link between hyperglycemia and vascular dysfunction. The study may have implications in the prevention of premature vascular aging associated with T2DM.
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Gao L, Zhou L, Huang X. Identification of Novel Kinase-Transcription Factor-mRNA-miRNA Regulatory Network in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Bioinformatics Analysis. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:7453-7469. [PMID: 34744455 PMCID: PMC8566004 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s327657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck. This study aimed to investigate the crucial genes and regulatory networks involved in the carcinogenesis of NPC using a bioinformatics approach. Methods Five mRNA and two miRNA expression datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEMs) between NPC and normal samples were analyzed using R software. The WebGestalt tool was used for functional enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of DEGs was performed using STRING database. Transcription factors (TFs) were predicted using TRRUST and Transcriptional Regulatory Element Database (TRED). Kinases were identified using X2Kgui. The miRNAs of DEGs were predicted using miRWalk database. A kinase-TF-mRNA-miRNA integrated network was constructed, and hub nodes were selected. The hub genes were validated using NPC datasets from the GEO and Oncomine databases. Finally, candidate small-molecule agents were predicted using CMap. Results A total of 122 DEGs and 44 DEMs were identified. DEGs were associated with the immune response, leukocyte activation, endoplasmic reticulum stress in GO analysis, and the NF-κB signaling pathway in KEGG analysis. Four significant modules were identified using PPI network analysis. Subsequently, 26 TFs, 73 kinases, and 2499 miRNAs were predicted. The predicted miRNAs were cross-referenced with DEMs, and seven overlapping miRNAs were selected. In the kinase-TF-mRNA-miRNA integrated network, eight genes (PTGS2, FN1, MMP1, PLAU, MMP3, CD19, BMP2, and PIGR) were identified as hub genes. Hub genes were validated with consistent results, indicating the reliability of our findings. Finally, six candidate small-molecule agents (phenoxybenzamine, luteolin, thioguanosine, reserpine, blebbistatin, and camptothecin) were predicted. Conclusion We identified DEGs and an NPC regulatory network involving kinases, TFs, mRNAs, and miRNAs, which might provide promising insight into the pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinsheng Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Sun J, Zhou F, Xue J, Ji C, Qu Y, Pan Y. Long non-coding RNA TRPM2-AS regulates microRNA miR-138-5p and PLAU (Plasminogen Activator, Urokinase) to promote the progression of gastric adenocarcinoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:9753-9765. [PMID: 34696681 PMCID: PMC8809918 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1995101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is a common malignant tumor, accounting for 95% of gastric cancers. However, the effects and regulatory mechanisms of long non-coding RNA TRPM2-AS (TRPM2-AS) in GAC have not been fully explored. Our study investigates the action mechanism of TRPM2-AS in GAC. After performing quantitative Real-Time polymerase chain reaction or western blotting, we found that the levels of TRPM2-AS and Plasminogen Activator, Urokinase (PLAU) were upregulated in GAC, whereas the level of miR-138-5p was downregulated. Cell function experiments proved that silencing TRPM2-AS suppressed proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis in GAC cells. Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase assay identified the interaction between TRPM2-AS, miR-138-5p, and PLAU. In addition, the inhibitory effect of silencing TRPM2-AS on GAC cells could be partially relieved by PLAU overexpression. In conclusion, our study revealed that TRPM2-AS sponging miR-138-5p to upregulate PLAU could contribute to GAC progression, which might be useful for identifying biomarkers for GAC therapy.
Abbreviation
Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC); Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA); lncRNA TRPM2 antisense RNA (TRPM2-AS); Plasminogen Activator, Urokinase (PLAU); Wild-type (WT); mutant (MUT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunyan Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yinzong Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuwei Pan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tianhe District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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21
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Huo Z, Li X, Zhou J, Fan Y, Wang Z, Zhang Z. Hypomethylation and downregulation of miR-23b-3p are associated with upregulated PLAU: a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:564. [PMID: 34702271 PMCID: PMC8549381 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02251-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methylation and miRNA-target genes play an important part in the early development of various tumors and have been studied as tumor biomarkers. Although previous studies have reported a cluster of molecular events (such as aberrant alterations of genomics and epigenetics), little is known of the potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods Multiple bioinformatics tools based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and clinical samples were applied to evaluate the beneficial biomarkers in HNSCC. We focused on the role of plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU), including diagnostic and prognostic significance, gene expression analysis, aberrant DNA methylation characteristics, interaction of miRNAs and associated signaling pathways. Results We found that PLAU was aberrantly upregulated in HNSCC, regardless of the mRNA or protein level. The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Cox regression analysis revealed that PLAU was a diagnostic and independent prognostic factor for patients with HNSCC. Hypomethylation of PLAU was closely related to poor survival in HNSCC. Additionally, miR-23b-3p was predicted to target PLAU and was significantly downregulated in HNSCC tissues. Therefore, our findings suggested that PLAU functioned as a promoter in the pathological process of HNSCC. DNA hypomethylation and downregulation of miR-23b-3p were associated with PLAU overexpression. Finally, our findings provided evidence of a significant interaction between PLAU-target and miRNAs-target pathways, indicating that miR-23b-3p suppresses malignant properties of HNSCC by targeting PLAU via Ras/MAPK and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Conclusions PLAU is overexpressed and may serve as an independent diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HNSCC. Hypomethylation and downregulation of miR-23b-3p might account for the oncogenic role of PLAU in HNSCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02251-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirong Huo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyu Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqin Fan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhentao Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Ear Institute Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Ear Institute Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Yaoxing H, Danchun Y, Xiaojuan S, Shuman J, Qingqing Y, Lin J. Identification of Novel Susceptible Genes of Gastric Cancer Based on Integrated Omics Data. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:712020. [PMID: 34354996 PMCID: PMC8329722 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.712020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. This cancer has been regarded as a biological and genetically heterogeneous disease with a poorly understood carcinogenesis at the molecular level. Thousands of biomarkers and susceptible loci have been explored via experimental and computational methods, but their effects on disease outcome are still unknown. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple susceptible loci for GC, but due to the linkage disequilibrium (LD), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may fall within the non-coding region and exert their biological function by modulating the gene expression level. In this study, we collected 1,091 cases and 410,350 controls from the GWAS catalog database. Integrating with gene expression level data obtained from stomach tissue, we conducted a machine learning-based method to predict GC-susceptible genes. As a result, we identified 787 novel susceptible genes related to GC, which will provide new insight into the genetic and biological basis for the mechanism and pathology of GC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Yaoxing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Danchun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sun Xiaojuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Shuman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Qingqing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Wang Y, Zhu M, Li J, Xiong Y, Wang J, Jing H, Gu Y. Overexpression of PSMC2 promotes the tumorigenesis and development of human breast cancer via regulating plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU). Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:690. [PMID: 34244472 PMCID: PMC8271021 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03960-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has declared that Proteasome 26S subunit ATPase 2 (PSMC2) is involved in tumor progression. However, its role in breast cancer has not been investigated. Therefore, we sought to establish a correlation between breast cancer and PSMC2. PSMC2 expression in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Loss-of-function study was used to evaluate the effects of PSMC2 knockdown in cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. A gene microarray was performed to explore the potential downstream of PSMC2 with the help of Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The effects of the PSMC2/PLAU axis on breast cancer were examined in vitro. Compared to para-cancer tissues, PSMC2 level was considerably elevated in breast cancer, which was significantly correlated with tumor grade. Knockdown of PSMC2 suppressed breast cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. The mechanistic research revealed that PSMC2 promotes the development and progression of human breast cancer through interacting with PLAU. Outcomes of our study showed that overexpression of PSMC2 provide tumorigenic and metastatic advantages in breast cancer, which may involve the regulation of PLAU. This study not only reveals a critical mechanism of breast cancer development, but also provides a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingruo Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Youyi Xiong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haihong Jing
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanting Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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24
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Chen G, Sun J, Xie M, Yu S, Tang Q, Chen L. PLAU Promotes Cell Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:651882. [PMID: 34093649 PMCID: PMC8173099 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.651882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator, urokinase (uPA) is a secreted serine protease whose Dysregulation is often accompanied by various cancers. However, the biological functions and potential mechanisms of PLAU in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain undetermined. Here, the expression, prognosis, function, and coexpression genetic networks of PLAU in HNSCC were investigated by a series of public bioinformatics tools. A Higher PLAU level predicted a poorer clinical outcome. Meanwhile, functional network analysis implied that PLAU and associated genes mainly regulated cell-substrate adhesion, tissue migration, and extracellular matrix binding. The top 4 significantly associated genes are C10orf55, ITGA5, SERPINE1, and TNFRSF12A. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that PLAU might activate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, which could explain the poor prognosis in HNSCC. Besides, genes associated with PLAU were also enriched in EMT pathways. We further validated the bioinformatics analysis results by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Then, we found that much more PLAU was detected in HNSCC tissues, and the silencing of PLAU inhibit the proliferation, migration, and EMT process of CAL27 cell lines. Notably, the downregulation of PLAU decreased the expression of TNFRSF12A. Moreover, knockdown TNFRSF12A also inhibits cell proliferation and migration. In vivo experiment results indicated that PLAU inhibition could suppress tumor growth. Collectively, PLAU is necessary for tumor progression and can be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiwei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengru Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoling Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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25
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Zhang Y, Chen L, Ye X, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Sun B, Fu H, Fu C, Liang X, Jiang H. Expression and mechanism of exosome-mediated A FOXM1 related long noncoding RNA in gastric cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:133. [PMID: 33971889 PMCID: PMC8111998 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00873-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) is an oncogene regulating tumor growth and metastasis. Exosome was suggested to mediate cell communication by delivering active molecules in cancers. However, the existence of FOXM1 in circulating exosomes and the role of exosome FOXM1 in gastric cancer (GC) were not clear. This study aims to investigate the potential role of FOXM1 related long noncoding RNA (FRLnc1) in exosomes in GC. RESULTS The prepared CD63 immunomagnetic beads (CD63-IMB) had the characteristics of good dispersity and high magnetic response. The isolated exosomes were presented with elliptical membranous particles under a transmission electron microscope (TEM), with the particle size of 89.78 ± 4.8 nm. Western blot (WB) results showed that the exosomes were rich in CD9 and CD81. The Dil-labeled exosomes were distributed around cytoplasm and nucleus of cells by imaging flow cytometry (IFC) analysis. The results of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that the FRLnc1 expressions were up-regulated in GC cells, tumor tissues, and serum of GC patients. An obviously up-regulated FRLnc1 expression was found in serum exosomes of GC patients. Up-regulation of FRLnc1 expression was closely correlated to lymph node metastasis (LNM) and TNM stage with the combination of relevant clinicopathological parameter analysis. The in vitro functional analyses demonstrated that FRLnc1 knockdown by RNA interference suppressed cell proliferation and migration in HGC-27 cells, whereas FRLnc1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration in MKN45 cells. After exosome treatment, the FRLnc1 expression was significantly increased in MKN45 cells, and the MKN45 cells showed increased ability of proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION GC cells-derived exosomes played roles in promoting the growth and metastasis of GC by transporting FRLnc1, suggesting that FRLnc1 in the exosomes may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of GC. The delivery of FRLnc1 by the exosomes may provide a new way for the treatment of GC. Trial registration 2020-KYSB-094. Registered 23 March 2020-Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Putuoxincun Rd., Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xuanting Ye
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixiong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Putuoxincun Rd., Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Putuoxincun Rd., Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Biaofeng Sun
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Putuoxincun Rd., Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Hong Fu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Putuoxincun Rd., Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Chuangang Fu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Xiaofei Liang
- Huzhou Lieyuan Medical Laboratory Company Ltd., No. 800, Rujiadian Rd., Huzhou, 313000, China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Putuoxincun Rd., Shanghai, 200065, China.
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26
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Wu K, Mao YY, Han NN, Wu H, Zhang S. PLAU1 Facilitated Proliferation, Invasion, and Metastasis via Interaction With MMP1 in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:574260. [PMID: 33816223 PMCID: PMC8013724 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.574260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignant neoplasm; it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying its initiation and progression is critical for establishing the most appropriate treatment strategies. We found that urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU1) was upregulated and associated with poor prognosis in HNSCC. Silencing of PLAU1 inhibited the proliferation, colony-formation, migration, and invasion abilities of HNSCC cells in vitro and reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), whereas PLAU1 overexpression significantly enhanced the growth, the colony-formation, migration, and invasion abilities, and the xenograft tumor growth of HNSCC cells in vivo and increased the expression of MMP1. The Co-IP assay verified that PLAU1 interacted with MMP1. A positive correlation between PLAU1 and MMP1 expression was observed in HNSCC samples. si-RNAs against MMP1 reversed the aggressive effects of PLAU1 overexpression in HNSCC. Taken together, our data revealed that PLAU1 facilitated HNSCC cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis via interaction with MMP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Nan-Nan Han
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanjiang Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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27
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Wang W, Yan L, Guan X, Dong B, Zhao M, Wu J, Tian X, Hao C. Identification of an Immune-Related Signature for Predicting Prognosis in Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:618215. [PMID: 33718118 PMCID: PMC7945593 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.618215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the highest fatality rate cancers with poor survival rates. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is vital for tumor immune responses, leading to resistance to chemotherapy and poor prognosis of PDAC patients. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the immune genes and microenvironment in PDAC that might help in predicting prognosis and guiding clinical treatments. METHODS We developed a prognosis-associated immune signature (i.e., PAIS) based on immune-associated genes to predict the overall survival of patients with PDAC. The clinical significance and immune landscapes of the signature were comprehensively analyzed. RESULTS Owing to gene expression profiles from TCGA database, functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant difference in the immune response between PDAC and normal pancreas. Using transcriptome data analysis of a training set, we identified an immune signature represented by 5 genes (ESR2, IDO1, IL20RB, PPP3CA, and PLAU) related to the overall survival of patients with PDAC, significantly. This training set was well-validated in a test set. Our results indicated a clear association between a high-risk score and a very poor prognosis. Stratification analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that PAIS was an important prognostic factor. We also found that the risk score was positively correlated with the inflammatory response, antigen-presenting process, and expression level of some immunosuppressive checkpoint molecules (e.g., CD73, PD-L1, CD80, and B7-H3). These results suggested that high-risk patients had a suppressed immune response. However, they could respond better to chemotherapy. In addition, PAIS was positively correlated with the infiltration of M2 macrophages in PDAC. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the relationship between the immune response and prognosis in PDAC and developed a clinically feasible signature that might serve as a powerful prognostic tool and help further optimize the cancer therapy paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoya Guan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Central Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuyun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyi Hao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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28
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Li Z, Chen C, Wang J, Wei M, Liu G, Qin Y, She L, Liu Y, Huang D, Tian Y, Zhu G, Zhang X. Overexpressed PLAU and its potential prognostic value in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10746. [PMID: 33520474 PMCID: PMC7812932 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis is a major event for survival and prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). A primary cause of metastasis is the proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU) is involved in the transformation of plasminogen to plasmin leading to hydrolyzation of ECM-related proteins. However, the role of PLAU expression in HNSCC is unclear and the worth being investigated. Methods PLAU expression profiles and clinical parameters from multiple HNSCC datasets were used to investigate the relationship of PLAU expression and HNSCC survival. GO and PPI network were established on PLAU-related downstream molecular. The stroma score was deconvoluted for analysis of PLAU’s association with the immune environment. ROC analysis was applied to show the performance of PLAU in predicting HNSCC prognosis. Results PLAU mRNA was significantly elevated, as opposed to its methylation, in HNSCC tumor samples over normal specimens (all p < 0.01). Univariate and multivariate cox analysis showed PLAU could be an independent indicator for HNSCC prognosis. Combining with neck lymph node status, the AUC of PLAU in predicting 5-years overall survival reached to 0.862. GO enrichment analysis showed the major biological process (extracellular matrix organization and the P13K-Akt signaling pathway) may involve to the possible mechanism of PLAU’s function on HNSCC prognosis. Furthermore, PLAU expression was positively correlated with stroma cell score, M1 type macrophages, and negatively associated with CD4 + T cell, Tregs cell, and follicular helper T cell. Conclusions PLAU might be an independent biomarker for predicting outcomes of HNSCC patients. The elevated expression of PLAU was associated with HPV positivity and neck node status. The PI3K-Akt pathway and aberrant proportions of immune cells might underly the mechanism of PLAU’s oncogene role in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhexuan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Changhan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guancheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuexiang Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li She
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Donghai Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongquan Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
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29
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Qiu S, An Z, Tan R, He PA, Jing J, Li H, Wu S, Xu Y. Understanding the unimodal distributions of cancer occurrence rates: it takes two factors for a cancer to occur. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:6055138. [PMID: 33377150 PMCID: PMC8294564 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Data from the SEER reports reveal that the occurrence rate of a cancer type generally follows a unimodal distribution over age, peaking at an age that is cancer-type specific and ranges from 30+ through 70+. Previous studies attribute such bell-shaped distributions to the reduced proliferative potential in senior years but fail to explain why some cancers have their occurrence peak at 30+ or 40+. We present a computational model to offer a new explanation to such distributions. The model uses two factors to explain the observed age-dependent cancer occurrence rates: cancer risk of an organ and the availability level of the growth signals in circulation needed by a cancer type, with the former increasing and the latter decreasing with age. Regression analyses were conducted of known occurrence rates against such factors for triple negative breast cancer, testicular cancer and cervical cancer; and all achieved highly tight fitting results, which were also consistent with clinical, gene-expression and cancer-drug data. These reveal a fundamentally important relationship: while cancer is driven by endogenous stressors, it requires sufficient levels of exogenous growth signals to happen, hence suggesting the realistic possibility for treating cancer via cleaning out the growth signals in circulation needed by a cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Qiu
- Cancer Systems Biology Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Zheng An
- Cancer Systems Biology Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Renbo Tan
- Cancer Systems Biology Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University
| | | | - Jingjing Jing
- China Medical University and Jilin University First Hospital
| | - Hongxia Li
- China Medical University and Jilin University First Hospital
| | | | - Ying Xu
- University of Georgia and Jilin University
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30
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Ariya S, James AR, Joseph B. Identification of lung cancer master genes triggered by smoking and their key pathways based on gene expression profiling. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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High expression of bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP1) is associated with a poor survival rate in human gastric cancer, a dataset approaches. Genomics 2020; 113:1141-1154. [PMID: 33189777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP1) is a secreted metalloprotease of the astacin M12A family of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). BMP1 activates transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and BMP signaling pathways by proteolytic cleavage, which has dual roles in gastrointestinal tumor development and progression.TGF-β promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) by the help of BMP1, so upregulation of the BMP1 may increase cancer invasiveness in GC. In this study,the transcriptional expression, mutations, survival rate, TFs, miRNAs, gene ontology, and signaling pathways of BMP1 were analyzed by using different web servers. We found higher transcriptional and clinicopathological characteristics expression compared to normal tissues, worsening survival rate in GC. We detected 25 missenses, 15 truncating mutations, 23 TFs, and 8 miRNAs. Finally, we identified and analyzed the co-expressed genes and found that the leukemia inhibitory factor is the most positively correlated gene. The gene ontological features and signaling pathways involved in GC development were evaluated as well. We believe that this study will provide a basis for BMP1 to be a significant biomarker for human GC prognosis.
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32
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Zhou H, Zhang H, Shi M, Wang J, Huang Z, Shi J. A robust signature associated with patient prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment based on immune-related genes in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106856. [PMID: 32777677 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is one common type of lung cancer. Immune-related genes (IRGs) are closely associated with cancer prognosis. This study aims to screen the key genes associated with LUSC and establish an immune-related prognostic model. METHODS Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LUSC and normal samples. Intersecting the DEGs with the immune-related genes (IRGs), we obtained the differentially expressed IRGs (DEIRGs). Univariate as well as multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify the survival-associated IRGs and establish an immune-related prognostic model. The relationship between the prognostic model and tumor-infiltrating immune cells was analyzed by TIMER and CIBERSORT. RESULTS A total of 229 DEIRGs were screened, and 14 IRGs associated with survival were identified using univariate Cox analysis. Among the 14 IRGs, six genes were selected out using Lasso and multivariate Cox analyses, and they were used to build the prognostic model. Further analysis indicated that overall survival (OS) of high-risk groups was lower than that of low-risk groups. High risk score was independently related to worse OS. Moreover, the risk score was positively correlated with several immune infiltration cells. Finally, the efficacy of the prognostic model was validated by another independent cohort GSE73403. CONCLUSION The DEIRGs described in the study may have the potential to be the prognostic molecular markers for LUSC. In addition, the risk score model could predict the OS and provides more information for the immunotherapy of patients with LUSC.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/immunology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology
- Correlation of Data
- Databases, Genetic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/immunology
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Protein Interaction Maps/immunology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/immunology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Risk Factors
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haijian Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Muqi Shi
- Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinjie Wang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhanghao Huang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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