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Valerio L, Cantara S, Mattii E, Dalmiglio C, Sagnella A, Salvemini A, Cartocci A, Maino F, Castagna MG. Exploring the Susceptibility to Multiple Primary Tumors in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1210. [PMID: 38928626 PMCID: PMC11202515 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14121210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It was demonstrated that differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients may develop multiple primary tumors (MPT) during follow-up. Many studies showed an association between reduced telomere length and cancer phenotype; in particular, the short telomeres were associated with the development of a primary tumor. However, the role of altered telomere length in MPT development has not yet been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible correlation between a short telomere length in blood leukocytes and the risk of developing MPT in DTC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 167 DTC patients followed up for a median of 13.6 years. Our control group was represented by 105 healthy subjects without any thyroid disease or present or past history of tumors. Our study groups, age-matched, were evaluated for the relative telomere length measured in leukocytes of peripheral venous blood. RESULTS The relative telomere length (RTL) was significantly different in healthy subjects compared to the total group of differentiated thyroid cancer patients [p < 0.0001]. Shorter telomeres length was observed in DTC patients with (n = 32) and without (n = 135) MPT compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0002, respectively). At multivariate analysis, the parameters independently associated with the presence of MPT were RTL [OR: 0.466 (0.226-0.817), p = 0.018] and the familial DTC [OR: 2.949 (1.142-8.466), p = 0.032]. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest a role of the relative telomere length in predicting MPT development in DTC patients. Our results contribute to increasing the knowledge of the genetic mechanisms underlying MPT development in DTC patients, considering relative telomere length as a possible prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Valerio
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.V.); (S.C.); (E.M.); (C.D.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Silvia Cantara
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.V.); (S.C.); (E.M.); (C.D.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Elisa Mattii
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.V.); (S.C.); (E.M.); (C.D.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Cristina Dalmiglio
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.V.); (S.C.); (E.M.); (C.D.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Alfonso Sagnella
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.V.); (S.C.); (E.M.); (C.D.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Antonia Salvemini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.V.); (S.C.); (E.M.); (C.D.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Alessandra Cartocci
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Fabio Maino
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.V.); (S.C.); (E.M.); (C.D.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Maria Grazia Castagna
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.V.); (S.C.); (E.M.); (C.D.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (F.M.)
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Sun P, Gu KJ, Zheng G, Sikora AG, Li C, Zafereo M, Wei P, Wu J, Shete S, Liu J, Li G. Genetic variations associated with telomere length predict the risk of recurrence of non-oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 38837510 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Genetic factors underlying lymphocyte telomere length (LTL) may provide insights into genomic stability and integrity, with direct links to susceptibility to cancer recurrence. Polymorphisms in telomere-associated genes are strongly associated with LTL and cancer risk, while few large studies have explored the associations between LTL-related polymorphisms and recurrence risk of non-oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (non-OPHNSCC). Totally 1403 non-OPHNSCC patients were recruited and genotyped for 16 LTL-related polymorphisms identified by genome-wide association studies. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed to evaluate associations between the polymorphisms and non-OPHNSCC recurrence risk. Patients carrying rs755017 GA/GG, rs2487999 TC/TT, rs2736108 TC/TT, or rs6772228 AT/AA genotypes exhibited shorter DFS than those with the rs755017 AA, rs2487999 CC, rs2736108 CC, or s6772228 TT genotypes, respectively (all log-rank p < 0.05). Multivariable analysis confirmed an increased risk of recurrence for patients carrying rs755017 GA/GG, rs2487999 TC/TT, rs2736108 TC/TT, or rs6772228 AT/AA genotypes (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32-2.07; aHR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.41-2.23; aHR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.22-1.99; aHR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.20-1.93, respectively). Further stratified analysis revealed stronger associations between these genotypes and recurrence risk in ever-smokers and patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy. The similar but particularly pronounced results were observed for the combined risk genotypes of the four significant polymorphisms. This is the first large study on non-OPHNSCC patients showing that LTL-related polymorphisms may modify risk of non-OPHNSCC recurrence individually and jointly, particularly when analyzed in the context of smoking status and personized treatment. Larger studies are needed to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kyle J Gu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Guibin Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mark Zafereo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jisheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Das A, Giri AK, Bhattacharjee P. Targeting 'histone mark': Advanced approaches in epigenetic regulation of telomere dynamics in cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195007. [PMID: 38237857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2024.195007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Telomere integrity is required for the maintenance of genome stability and prevention of oncogenic transformation of cells. Recent evidence suggests the presence of epigenetic modifications as an important regulator of mammalian telomeres. Telomeric and subtelomeric regions are rich in epigenetic marks that regulate telomere length majorly through DNA methylation and post-translational histone modifications. Specific histone modifying enzymes play an integral role in establishing telomeric histone codes necessary for the maintenance of structural integrity. Alterations of crucial histone moieties and histone modifiers cause deregulations in the telomeric chromatin leading to carcinogenic manifestations. This review delves into the significance of histone modifications and their influence on telomere dynamics concerning cancer. Additionally, it highlights the existing research gaps that hold the potential to drive the development of therapeutic interventions targeting the telomere epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Das
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India; Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Ashok K Giri
- Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India.
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Identification of a 5-Hydroxymethylation Signature in Circulating Cell-Free DNA for the Noninvasive Detection of Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3798741. [PMID: 36276281 PMCID: PMC9581595 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3798741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background As a crucial epigenetic modification, DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) plays a key role during colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, the levels of 5-hmC-related genes in the circulating DNA of CRC remain largely unknown. Methods and Results The GSE81314 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), which was generated by chemical marking-based low-input shotgun sequencing to detect 5-hmC in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) was used in the present study. The GSE81314 dataset includes data for 8 plasma samples from healthy individuals and 4 plasma samples from CRC patients. The difference in the 5-hmC levels in cfDNA between the CRC group and healthy individuals was analyzed by the differentially expressed genes (DEG) package. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to analyze gene coexpression modules associated with sample characteristics. DEG analysis identified 19 upregulated and 9 downregulated 5-hmC-related genes. WGCNA showed that the pink, purple, and brown modules, which contain 531 genes in total, were significantly correlated with CRC (0.66, 0.61, and -0.59, respectively). We used gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) software to compare 5-hmC-related genes and pathways between CRC patients and healthy controls. We further performed a protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis and identified 4 nodes (LCN2, LRG1, S100P, and TACSTD2) that played key roles in the network, and we analyzed the expression of these nodes S100P in the GEPIA database. Consistent with the 5-hmC levels in CRC patient plasma, our external validation results from the GEPIA and UALCAN databases showed that LCN2, LRG1, S100P, and TACSTD2 were highly expressed in CRC tissue compared with controls. The DNA promoter methylation levels of LCN2, LRG1, and S100P were lower in CRC tissue than in normal control tissue. Conclusion The present findings suggest that abnormality in cell-free DNA hydroxylation in plasma may be associated with CRC. In addition, the 5-hmC levels of LCN2, LRG1, S100P, and TACSTD2 in circulating cfDNA may be used as potential noninvasive markers for CRC.
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Chen J, Sridharan D, Cross C, Pluth J. Cellular DNA effects of radiation and cancer risk assessment in cells with mitochondrial defects. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jeanrenaud ACSN, Brooke BD, Oliver SV. Characterisation of the epigenetic architecture of the major malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) after treatment with epigenetic modulators and heavy metals. Acta Trop 2022; 226:106259. [PMID: 34843689 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anopheles arabiensis (a member of the An. gambiae species complex) is a major vector of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite its disease vector status, there is currently a paucity of epigenetic information for this species. The aim this study was therefore to analyse global epigenetic markers and their response to metal exposure in insecticide susceptible and resistant laboratory strains of An. arabiensis. This was done using commercially available epigenetic marker quantification kits. In order to validate the efficacy of the kits, several kits were assessed to determine whether changes induced by known epigenetic modulators were detectable using these platforms. The efficacy of the dosages used were determined by examining the effect of the dosages used on insecticide resistant phenotypes. Upon confirmation that the dosages used were sufficient to induce a phenotypic change, the effect on epigenetic markers was assessed. Commercial kits were used to quantify 5-methylcysteine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcysteine (5-hmC) methylation in DNA, m6A methylation in mRNA as well as Histone Acetyl Transferase (HAT) activity. There was a marked difference in the phenotypic response in adult mosquitoes of the insecticide susceptible strain compared to that of its' resistant counterpart. For males and females of the resistant strain, exposure to nucleic acid modifying drugs typically increased their tolerance to insecticides. The patterns of changes in 5-mC methylation by epigenetic modulators was congruent with previous studies which quantified by mass spectrometry. The two strains differed in methylation patterns under control conditions and responded differentially to larval metal exposure. In the resistant strain, which previously was demonstrated to show increased detoxification enzyme activity and insecticide tolerance after the same treatment, the potential increase in transcriptional activity appeared to be modulated by reduced methylation and increased HAT activity. This study suggests that the commercial epigenetic quantification kits can be used to characterise phenotypic changes in An. arabiensis, and also shows that epigenetic regulation of the response to metal exposure is regulated at the DNA as opposed to the RNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C S N Jeanrenaud
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Basil D Brooke
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shüné V Oliver
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Krapivin MI, Tikhonov AV, Efimova OA, Pendina AA, Smirnova AA, Chiryaeva OG, Talantova OE, Petrova LI, Dudkina VS, Baranov VS. Telomere Length in Chromosomally Normal and Abnormal Miscarriages and Ongoing Pregnancies and Its Association with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine Patterns. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126622. [PMID: 34205622 PMCID: PMC8234291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates telomere length (TL) in dividing chorionic cytotrophoblast cells from karyotypically normal and abnormal first trimester miscarriages and ongoing pregnancies. Using Q-FISH, we measured relative TLs in the metaphase chromosomes of 61 chorionic villous samples. Relative TLs did not differ between karyotypically normal samples from miscarriages and those from ongoing pregnancies (p = 0.3739). However, among the karyotypically abnormal samples, relative TLs were significantly higher in ongoing pregnancies than in miscarriages (p < 0.0001). Relative TLs were also significantly higher in chorion samples from karyotypically abnormal ongoing pregnancies than in those from karyotypically normal ones (p = 0.0018) in contrast to miscarriages, where relative TL values were higher in the karyotypically normal samples (p = 0.002). In the karyotypically abnormal chorionic cytotrophoblast, the TL variance was significantly lower than in any other group (p < 0.05). Assessed by TL ratios between sister chromatids, interchromatid TL asymmetry demonstrated similar patterns across all of the chorion samples (p = 0.22) but significantly exceeded that in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0003). The longer telomere was predominantly present in the hydroxymethylated sister chromatid in chromosomes featuring hemihydroxymethylation (containing 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in only one sister chromatid)-a typical sign of chorionic cytotrophoblast cells. Our results suggest that the phenomena of interchromatid TL asymmetry and its association to 5hmC patterns in chorionic cytotrophoblast, which are potentially linked to telomere lengthening through recombination, are inherent to the development programme. The TL differences in chorionic cytotrophoblast that are associated with karyotype and embryo viability seem to be determined by heredity rather than telomere elongation mechanisms. The inheritance of long telomeres by a karyotypically abnormal embryo promotes his development, whereas TL in karyotypically normal first-trimester embryos does not seem to have a considerable impact on developmental capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail I. Krapivin
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Andrei V. Tikhonov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Olga A. Efimova
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna A. Pendina
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Anna A. Smirnova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Litovskaya Street 2, 194100 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Olga G. Chiryaeva
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Olga E. Talantova
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Lubov’ I. Petrova
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Vera S. Dudkina
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Vladislav S. Baranov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
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