Tumor Suppressor LncRNA on Chromosome 8p12 (TSLNC8): A Concise Review in Human Malignancies

lncRNAs'p potential roles in the pathogenesis of cancer via interacting with signaling pathways; special focus on lncRNA-mediated signaling dysregulation in lung cancer

Lung cancer ranks among the most lethal types of cancer globally, with a high occurrence and fatality rate. The spread of cancer to other parts of the body, known as metastasis, is the primary cause of treatment failure and death in lung cancer cases. Current approaches for treating advanced lung cancer typically involve a combination of chemotherapy and targeted therapy. However, the majority of patients ultimately develop resistance to these treatments, leading to a worsened prognosis. In recent years, cancer biology research has predominantly focused on the role of protein-encoding genes in cancer development. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts over 200 nucleotides in length that do not encode proteins but are crucial RNA molecules involved in numerous biological functions. While many functions of lncRNAs remain unknown, some have been linked to human diseases, including cancer. Studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs interact with other large molecules in the cell, such as proteins, DNA, and RNA, influencing various critical aspects of cancer. LncRNAs play a significant role in regulating gene expression and have a crucial function in the transcriptional regulation of cancer cells. They mediate various biological and clinical processes such as invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has been found to impact the process of carcinogenesis through advanced technologies like RNA sequencing and microarrays. Collectively, these long non-coding RNAs hold promise as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for human cancers. In this segment, we provide a comprehensive summary of the literature on the characteristics and formation of lncRNAs, along with an overview of their current known roles in lung cancer.

LncRNA DARS-AS1 in human cancers: A comprehensive review of its potency as a biomarker and therapeutic target

Long non-coding RNAs have emerged as important players in cancer biology. Increasing evidence has uncovered their potency in improving cancer management as they can be used as a credible prognostic and diagnostic biomarker. Recently, DARS-AS1 has gained significant attention for its involvement in facilitating tumor progression. So far, numerous research has been reported its upregulation in different malignancies of human body systems and revealed its association with cancer hallmarks as well as clinicopathological characteristics. Importantly, targeting DARS-AS1 holds promise in cancer therapy. In the current study, we provide an in-depth analysis of its expression status and explore the underlying mechanisms through which DARS-AS1 contributes to tumor initiation, growth, invasion, and metastasis. Additionally, we examine the correlation between DARS-AS1 expression and clinicopathological features of cancer patients, shedding light on its potential as a cancer biomarker. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting DARS-AS1 in cancer treatment, highlighting emerging strategies, such as RNA interference and small molecule inhibitors. Boosting the understanding of its functional role can open new avenues for precision medicine, thus resulting in better outcomes for cancer patients.

LINC00839 in Human Disorders: Insights into its Regulatory Roles and Clinical Impact, with a Special Focus on Cancer

LINC00839 has captured significant attention within a spectrum of human disorders, including acute lung injury, osteoarthritis, and childhood obesity. Notably, aberrant expression patterns of LINC00839 have been observed across diverse cancer tissues and cell lines. LINC00839 emerges as an oncogenic factor in tumorigenesis and exerts a positive influence on tumor-associated behaviors. Its therapeutic potential for various cancers is underscored by its modulatory impact on pivotal signaling pathways, such as PI3K/AKT, OXPHOS, and Wnt/β-catenin. Additionally, LINC00839's role in reducing sensitivity to drug and radiotherapy interventions presents opportunities for targeted intervention. Furthermore, elevated LINC00839 expression indicates advanced clinicopathological features and foretells unfavorable prognoses, as validated by publications and comprehensive analyses of tumor types using TCGA datasets. This review elucidates the multiple regulatory mechanisms and functional implications of LINC00839 in various diseases, especially malignancies, emphasizing its potential as a predictive biomarker and therapeutic target across multiple disease domains in humans.

LncRNA-MUF: A Novel Oncogenic Star with Potential as a Biological Marker and Therapeutic Target for Gastrointestinal Malignancies

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers pose a significant global health challenge, characterized by a high incidence and poor prognosis. The delayed detection and occurrence of metastasis contribute to the overall low survival rates associated with these cancers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel molecular targets for effective GI cancer treatment. Recent research has shed light on the potential of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as promising targets in cancer therapy, given their strong association with carcinogenesis and profound impact on tumor development. Among these lncRNAs, lncRNA-MUF, also known as LINC00941, has emerged as a key player in oncogenic regulation, specifically implicated in the progression of various GI cancers, including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, hepatic, and pancreatic cancer. This review aims to provide an updated and focused analysis of the regulatory roles of LINC00941 in the initiation and progression of GI cancer. Our objective is to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms through which LINC00941 influences GI cancer phenotypes both in vivo and in vitro, with a special emphasis on the key molecules and signaling pathways involved. Additionally, LINC00941 has demonstrated clinical significance in terms of clinical pathology, prognosis, and diagnosis in GI tumors, further reinforcing its potential as a novel therapeutic target.

A concise review of the regulatory, diagnostic, and prognostic implications of HOXB-AS3 in tumors

Recent studies have reported that HOXB-AS3 (HOXB Cluster Antisense RNA 3) is an intriguing molecule with dual functionality as a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and putative coding peptide in tumorigenesis and progression. The significant expression alterations of HOXB-AS3 were detected in diverse cancer types and closely correlated with clinical stage and patient survival. Furthermore, HOXB-AS3 was involved in a spectrum of biological processes in solid tumors and hematological malignancies, such as stemness, lipid metabolism, migration, invasion, and tumor growth. This review comprehensively analyzes its clinical relevance for diagnosis and prognosis across human tumors and summarizes its functional role and regulatory mechanisms in different malignant tumors, including liver cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, endometrial carcinoma, colon cancer, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Overall, HOXB-AS3 emerges as a promising biomarker and novel therapeutic target in multiple human tumors.

The emerging role of noncoding RNAs in the EGFR signaling pathway in lung cancer

Noncoding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) have surfaced as essential orchestrators within the intricate system of neoplastic biology. Specifically, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling cascade shows a central role in the etiological underpinnings of pulmonary carcinoma. Pulmonary malignancy persists as a preeminent contributor to worldwide mortality attributable to malignant neoplasms, with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) emerging as the most predominant histopathological subcategory. EGFR is a key driver of NSCLC, and its dysregulation is frequently associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Over the past decade, researchers have unveiled a complex network of ncRNAs, encompassing microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, which intricately regulate EGFR signalling. MicroRNAs, as versatile post-transcriptional regulators, have been shown to target various components of the EGFR pathway, influencing cancer cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Additionally, ncRNAs have emerged as critical modulators of EGFR signalling, with their potential to act as scaffolds, decoys, or guides for EGFR-related proteins. Circular RNAs, a relatively recent addition to the ncRNA family, have also been implicated in EGFR signalling regulation. The clinical implications of ncRNAs in EGFR-driven lung cancer are substantial. These molecules exhibit diagnostic potential as robust biomarkers for early cancer detection and personalized treatment. Furthermore, their predictive value extends to predicting disease progression and therapeutic outcomes. Targeting ncRNAs in the EGFR pathway represents a novel therapeutic approach with promising results in preclinical and early clinical studies. This review explores the increasing evidence supporting the significant role of ncRNAs in modulating EGFR signalling in lung cancer, shedding light on their potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications.