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Chetri SPK, Rahman Z, Thomas L, Lal R, Gour T, Agarwal LK, Vashishtha A, Kumar S, Kumar G, Kumar R, Sharma K. Paradigms of actinorhizal symbiosis under the regime of global climatic changes: New insights and perspectives. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:764-778. [PMID: 35638879 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen occurs as inert and inaccessible dinitrogen gaseous form (N2 ) in the atmosphere. Biological nitrogen fixation is a chief process that makes this dinitrogen (N2 ) accessible and bioavailable in the form of ammonium (NH4 + ) ions. The key organisms to fix nitrogen are certain prokaryotes, called diazotrophs either in the free-living form or establishing significant mutual relationships with a variety of plants. On such examples is ~95-100 MY old incomparable symbiosis between dicotyledonous trees and a unique actinobacterial diazotroph in diverse ecosystems. In this association, the root of the certain dicotyledonous tree (~25 genera and 225 species) belonging to three different taxonomic orders, Fagales, Cucurbitales, and Rosales (FaCuRo) known as actinorhizal trees can host a diazotroph, Frankia of order Frankiales. Frankia is gram-positive, branched, filamentous, sporulating, and free-living soil actinobacterium. It resides in the specialized, multilobed, and coralloid organs (lateral roots but without caps), the root nodules of actinorhizal tress. This review aims to provide systematic information on the distribution and the phylogenetic diversity of hosts from FaCuRo and their micro-endosymbionts (Frankia spp.), colonization mechanisms, and signaling pathways. We also aim to provide details on developmental and physiological imperatives for gene regulation and functional genomics of symbiosis, phenomenal restoration ecology, influences of contemporary global climatic changes, and anthropogenic impacts on plant-Frankia interactions for the functioning of ecosystems and the biosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeeshanur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Lebin Thomas
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ratan Lal
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Tripti Gour
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Akanksha Vashishtha
- Department of Plant Protection, CCS University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Botany, Shri Venkateshwara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Environmental Studies, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Botany, Hindu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kuldeep Sharma
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Maity PJ, Pawlowski K. Anthropogenic influences on the distribution of the Casuarina-Frankia symbiosis. Symbiosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-021-00765-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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