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Harvell-Smith S, Tung LD, Thanh NTK. Magnetic particle imaging: tracer development and the biomedical applications of a radiation-free, sensitive, and quantitative imaging modality. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:3658-3697. [PMID: 35080544 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05670k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an emerging tracer-based modality that enables real-time three-dimensional imaging of the non-linear magnetisation produced by superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), in the presence of an external oscillating magnetic field. As a technique, it produces highly sensitive radiation-free tomographic images with absolute quantitation. Coupled with a high contrast, as well as zero signal attenuation at-depth, there are essentially no limitations to where that can be imaged within the body. These characteristics enable various biomedical applications of clinical interest. In the opening sections of this review, the principles of image generation are introduced, along with a detailed comparison of the fundamental properties of this technique with other common imaging modalities. The main feature is a presentation on the up-to-date literature for the development of SPIONs tailored for improved imaging performance, and developments in the current and promising biomedical applications of this emerging technique, with a specific focus on theranostics, cell tracking and perfusion imaging. Finally, we will discuss recent progress in the clinical translation of MPI. As signal detection in MPI is almost entirely dependent on the properties of the SPION employed, this work emphasises the importance of tailoring the synthetic process to produce SPIONs demonstrating specific properties and how this impacts imaging in particular applications and MPI's overall performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Harvell-Smith
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
- UCL Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories, University College London, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK
| | - Le Duc Tung
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
- UCL Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories, University College London, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
- UCL Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories, University College London, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK
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Tong W, Hui H, Shang W, Zhang Y, Tian F, Ma Q, Yang X, Tian J, Chen Y. Highly sensitive magnetic particle imaging of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque with active myeloperoxidase-targeted nanoparticles. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:506-521. [PMID: 33391489 PMCID: PMC7738857 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a pivotal driver of atherosclerotic plaque progression and rupture and is a target for identifying vulnerable plaques. However, challenges arise with the current in vivo imaging modalities for differentiating vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques from stable plaques due to their low specificity and sensitivity. Herein, we aimed to develop a novel multimodal imaging platform that specifically targets and identifies high-risk plaques in vivo by detecting active myeloperoxidase (MPO), a potential inflammatory marker of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. Methods: A novel multimodal imaging agent, 5-HT-Fe3O4-Cy7 nanoparticles (5HFeC NPs), used for active MPO targeting, was designed by conjugating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with 5-hydroxytryptamine and cyanine 7 N-hydroxysuccinimide ester. The specificity and sensitivity of 5HFeC NPs were evaluated using magnetic particle imaging (MPI), fluorescence imaging (FLI), and computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in an ApoE-/- atherosclerosis mouse model. Treatment with 4-ABAH, an MPO inhibitor, was used to assess the monitoring ability of 5HFeC NPs. Results: 5HFeC NPs can sensitively differentiate and accurately localize vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE-/- mice via MPI/FLI/CTA. High MPI and FLI signals were observed in atherosclerotic plaques within the abdominal aorta, which were histologically confirmed by multiple high-risk features of macrophage infiltration, neovascularization, and microcalcification. Inhibition of active MPO reduced accumulation of 5HFeC NPs in the abdominal aorta. Accumulation of 5HFeC NPs in plaques enabled quantitative evaluation of the severity of inflammation and monitoring of MPO activity. Conclusions: This multimodal MPI approach revealed that active MPO-targeted nanoparticles might serve as a method for detecting vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques and monitoring MPO activity.
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Chandrasekharan P, Tay ZW, Hensley D, Zhou XY, Fung BKL, Colson C, Lu Y, Fellows BD, Huynh Q, Saayujya C, Yu E, Orendorff R, Zheng B, Goodwill P, Rinaldi C, Conolly S. Using magnetic particle imaging systems to localize and guide magnetic hyperthermia treatment: tracers, hardware, and future medical applications. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2965-2981. [PMID: 32194849 PMCID: PMC7053197 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) treatment makes use of a suspension of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, administered systemically or locally, in combination with an externally applied alternating magnetic field, to ablate target tissue by generating heat through a process called induction. The heat generated above the mammalian euthermic temperature of 37°C induces apoptotic cell death and/or enhances the susceptibility of the target tissue to other therapies such as radiation and chemotherapy. While most hyperthermia techniques currently in development are targeted towards cancer treatment, hyperthermia is also used to treat restenosis, to remove plaques, to ablate nerves and to alleviate pain by increasing regional blood flow. While RF hyperthermia can be directed invasively towards the site of treatment, non-invasive localization of heat through induction is challenging. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the field of RF magnetic fluid hyperthermia and introduce a new diagnostic imaging modality called magnetic particle imaging that allows for a focused theranostic approach encompassing treatment planning, treatment monitoring and spatially localized inductive heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Chandrasekharan
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States,✉ Corresponding author: E-mail: ; Phone: +1 (510) 642 3420
| | - Zhi Wei Tay
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Daniel Hensley
- Magnetic Insight, Inc., Alameda, CA 94501, United States
| | - Xinyi Y Zhou
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Barry KL Fung
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Caylin Colson
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Yao Lu
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Benjamin D Fellows
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Quincy Huynh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Chinmoy Saayujya
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Elaine Yu
- Magnetic Insight, Inc., Alameda, CA 94501, United States
| | - Ryan Orendorff
- Magnetic Insight, Inc., Alameda, CA 94501, United States
| | - Bo Zheng
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | | | - Carlos Rinaldi
- University of Florida, J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, FL, 32611 United States
| | - Steven Conolly
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
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Song G, Zheng X, Wang Y, Xia X, Chu S, Rao J. A Magneto-Optical Nanoplatform for Multimodality Imaging of Tumors in Mice. ACS NANO 2019; 13:7750-7758. [PMID: 31244043 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multimodality imaging involves the use of more imaging modes to image the same living subjects and is now generally preferred in clinics for cancer imaging. Here we present multimodality-Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Photoacoustic, Fluorescent-nanoparticles (termed MMPF NPs) for imaging tumor xenografts in living mice. MMPF NPs provide long-term (more than 2 months), dynamic, and accurate quantification, in vivo, of NPs and in real time by MPI. Moreover, MMPF NPs offer ultrasensitive MPI imaging of tumors (the tumor ROI increased by 30.6 times over that of preinjection). Moreover, the nanoparticle possessed a long-term blood circulation time (half-life at 49 h) and high tumor uptake (18% ID/g). MMPF NPs have been demonstrated for imaging breast and brain tumor xenografts in both subcutaneous and orthotopic models in mice via simultaneous MPI, MRI, fluorescence, and photoacoustic imaging with excellent tumor contrast to normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology , Stanford University School of Medicine , 1201 Welch Road , Stanford , California 94305-5484 , United States
| | - Xianchuang Zheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology , Stanford University School of Medicine , 1201 Welch Road , Stanford , California 94305-5484 , United States
| | - Youjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Xin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Steven Chu
- Departments of Physics and Molecular & Cellular Physiology , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology , Stanford University School of Medicine , 1201 Welch Road , Stanford , California 94305-5484 , United States
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Alphandéry E. Iron oxide nanoparticles as multimodal imaging tools. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40577-40587. [PMID: 35542631 PMCID: PMC9076245 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08612a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In medicine, obtaining simply a resolute and accurate image of an organ of interest is a real challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Alphandéry
- Paris Sorbonne Université
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
- UMR CNRS7590
- IRD
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et deCosmochimie
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