1
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Hoggarth AR, Muthukumar S, Thomas SM, Crowley J, Kiser J, Witcher MR. Clinical Theranostics in Recurrent Gliomas: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1715. [PMID: 38730666 PMCID: PMC11083317 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas represent the most commonly occurring tumors in the central nervous system and account for approximately 80% of all malignant primary brain tumors. With a high malignancy and recurrence risk, the prognosis of high-grade gliomas is poor, with a mean survival time of 12-18 months. While contrast-enhanced MRI serves as the standard diagnostic imaging modality for gliomas, it faces limitations in the evaluation of recurrent gliomas, failing to distinguish between treatment-related changes and tumor progression, and offers no direct therapeutic options. Recent advances in imaging modalities have attempted to address some of these limitations, including positron emission tomography (PET), which has demonstrated success in delineating tumor margins and guiding the treatment of recurrent gliomas. Additionally, with the advent of theranostics in nuclear medicine, PET tracers, when combined with therapeutic agents, have also evolved beyond a purely diagnostic modality, serving both diagnostic and therapeutic roles. This review will discuss the growing involvement of theranostics in diagnosing and treating recurrent gliomas and address the associated impact on quality of life and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin R. Hoggarth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carilion Clinic, 1906 Belleview Avenue, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA;
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; (S.M.); (S.M.T.)
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Sankar Muthukumar
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; (S.M.); (S.M.T.)
| | - Steven M. Thomas
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; (S.M.); (S.M.T.)
| | - James Crowley
- Carilion Clinic Radiology, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; (J.C.); (J.K.)
| | - Jackson Kiser
- Carilion Clinic Radiology, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; (J.C.); (J.K.)
| | - Mark R. Witcher
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carilion Clinic, 1906 Belleview Avenue, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA;
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; (S.M.); (S.M.T.)
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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2
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Mondal A, Kang J, Kim D. Recent Progress in Fluorescent Probes for Real-Time Monitoring of Glioblastoma. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3484-3503. [PMID: 36917648 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Treating glioblastoma (GBM) by resecting to a large extent can prolong a patient's survival by controlling the tumor cells, but excessive resection may produce postoperative complications by perturbing the brain structures. Therefore, various imaging procedures have been employed to successfully diagnose and resect with utmost caution and to protect vital structural or functional features. Fluorescence tagging is generally used as an intraoperative imaging technique in glioma cells in collaboration with other surgical tools such as MRI and navigation methods. However, the existing fluorescent probes may have several limitations, including poor selectivity, less photostability, false signals, and intraoperative re-administration when used in clinical and preclinical studies for glioma surgery. The involvement of smart fluorogenic materials, specifically fluorescent dyes, and biomarker-amended cell-penetrable fluorescent probes have noteworthy advantages for precise glioma imaging. This review outlines the contemporary advancements of fluorescent probes for imaging glioma cells along with their challenges and visions, with the anticipation to develop next-generation smart glioblastoma detection modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Mondal
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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3
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Miles SA, Nillama JA, Hunter L. Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy: The Diverse Roles That Fluorine Can Play within Amino Acid Side Chains. Molecules 2023; 28:6192. [PMID: 37687021 PMCID: PMC10489206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Side chain-fluorinated amino acids are useful tools in medicinal chemistry and protein science. In this review, we outline some general strategies for incorporating fluorine atom(s) into amino acid side chains and for elaborating such building blocks into more complex fluorinated peptides and proteins. We then describe the diverse benefits that fluorine can offer when located within amino acid side chains, including enabling 19F NMR and 18F PET imaging applications, enhancing pharmacokinetic properties, controlling molecular conformation, and optimizing target-binding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luke Hunter
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, Australia
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4
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Starke L, Millward JM, Prinz C, Sherazi F, Waiczies H, Lippert C, Nazaré M, Paul F, Niendorf T, Waiczies S. First in vivo fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging of the multiple sclerosis drug siponimod. Theranostics 2023; 13:1217-1234. [PMID: 36923535 PMCID: PMC10008739 DOI: 10.7150/thno.77041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostic imaging methods could greatly enhance our understanding of the distribution of CNS-acting drugs in individual patients. Fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI) offers the opportunity to localize and quantify fluorinated drugs non-invasively, without modifications and without the application of ionizing or other harmful radiation. Here we investigated siponimod, a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor antagonist indicated for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), to determine the feasibility of in vivo 19F MR imaging of a disease modifying drug. Methods: The 19F MR properties of siponimod were characterized using spectroscopic techniques. Four MRI methods were investigated to determine which was the most sensitive for 19F MR imaging of siponimod under biological conditions. We subsequently administered siponimod orally to 6 mice and acquired 19F MR spectra and images in vivo directly after administration, and in ex vivo tissues. Results: The 19F transverse relaxation time of siponimod was 381 ms when dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, and substantially reduced to 5 ms when combined with serum, and to 20 ms in ex vivo liver tissue. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging was determined to be the most sensitive MRI technique for imaging siponimod in a biological context and was used to map the drug in vivo in the stomach and liver. Ex vivo images in the liver and brain showed an inhomogeneous distribution of siponimod in both organs. In the brain, siponimod accumulated predominantly in the cerebrum but not the cerebellum. No secondary 19F signals were detected from metabolites. From a translational perspective, we found that acquisitions done on a 3.0 T clinical MR scanner were 2.75 times more sensitive than acquisitions performed on a preclinical 9.4 T MR setup when taking changes in brain size across species into consideration and using equivalent relative spatial resolution. Conclusion: Siponimod can be imaged non-invasively using 19F UTE MRI in the form administered to MS patients, without modification. This study lays the groundwork for more extensive preclinical and clinical investigations. With the necessary technical development, 19F MRI has the potential to become a powerful theranostic tool for studying the time-course and distribution of CNS-acting drugs within the brain, especially during pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Starke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jason M Millward
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Prinz
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,SRH Fernhochschule - The Mobile University, Riedlingen, Germany
| | - Fatima Sherazi
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Lippert
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Medicinal Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut fϋr Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Wang C, Lin R, Yao S. Recent Advances in 18F-Labeled Amino Acids Synthesis and Application. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102207. [PMID: 36297641 PMCID: PMC9609324 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiolabeled amino acids are an important class of agents for positron emission tomography imaging that target amino acid transporters in many tumor types. Traditional 18F-labeled amino acid synthesis strategies are always based on nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions with multistep radiosynthesis and low radiochemical yields. In recent years, new 18F-labeling methodologies such as metal-catalyzed radiofluorination and heteroatom (B, P, S, Si, etc.)-18F bond formation are being effectively used to synthesize radiopharmaceuticals. This review focuses on recent advances in the synthesis, radiolabeling, and application of a series of 18F-labeled amino acid analogs using new 18F-labeling strategies.
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6
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China’s radiopharmaceuticals on expressway: 2014–2021. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2021-1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This review provides an essential overview on the progress of rapidly-developing China’s radiopharmaceuticals in recent years (2014–2021). Our discussion reflects on efforts to develop potential, preclinical, and in-clinical radiopharmaceuticals including the following areas: (1) brain imaging agents, (2) cardiovascular imaging agents, (3) infection and inflammation imaging agents, (4) tumor radiopharmaceuticals, and (5) boron delivery agents (a class of radiopharmaceutical prodrug) for neutron capture therapy. Especially, the progress in basic research, including new radiolabeling methodology, is highlighted from a standpoint of radiopharmaceutical chemistry. Meanwhile, we briefly reflect on the recent major events related to radiopharmaceuticals along with the distribution of major R&D forces (universities, institutions, facilities, and companies), clinical study status, and national regulatory supports. We conclude with a brief commentary on remaining limitations and emerging opportunities for China’s radiopharmaceuticals.
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7
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Francis F, Wuest F. Advances in [ 18F]Trifluoromethylation Chemistry for PET Imaging. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216478. [PMID: 34770885 PMCID: PMC8587676 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a preclinical and clinical imaging technique extensively used to study and visualize biological and physiological processes in vivo. Fluorine-18 (18F) is the most frequently used positron emitter for PET imaging due to its convenient 109.8 min half-life, high yield production on small biomedical cyclotrons, and well-established radiofluorination chemistry. The presence of fluorine atoms in many drugs opens new possibilities for developing radioligands labelled with fluorine-18. The trifluoromethyl group (CF3) represents a versatile structural motif in medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry to design and synthesize drug molecules with favourable pharmacological properties. This fact also makes CF3 groups an exciting synthesis target from a PET tracer discovery perspective. Early attempts to synthesize [18F]CF3-containing radiotracers were mainly hampered by low radiochemical yields and additional challenges such as low radiochemical purity and molar activity. However, recent innovations in [18F]trifluoromethylation chemistry have significantly expanded the chemical toolbox to synthesize fluorine-18-labelled radiotracers. This review presents the development of significant [18F]trifluoromethylation chemistry strategies to apply [18F]CF3-containing radiotracers in preclinical and clinical PET imaging studies. The continuous growth of PET as a crucial functional imaging technique in biomedical and clinical research and the increasing number of CF3-containing drugs will be the primary drivers for developing novel [18F]trifluoromethylation chemistry strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Francis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N4, Canada;
| | - Frank Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N4, Canada;
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-391-7666; Fax: +1-780-432-8483
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8
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Ma H, Zhao J, Liu S, Xie D, Zhang Z, Nie D, Wen F, Yang Z, Tang G. 18F-Trifluoromethylated D-Cysteine as a Promising New PET Tracer for Glioma Imaging: Comparative Analysis With MRI and Histopathology in Orthotopic C6 Models. Front Oncol 2021; 11:645162. [PMID: 33996562 PMCID: PMC8117348 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.645162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparing MRI and histopathology, this study aims to comprehensively explore the potential application of 18F-trifluoromethylated D-cysteine (S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS) in evaluating glioma by using orthotopic C6 glioma models. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 9) were implanted with C6 glioma cells. Tumor growth was monitored every week by multiparameter MRI [including dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI)], [18F]FDG, S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS, and [18F]FDOPA PET imaging. Repeated scans of the same rat with the two or three [18F]-labeled radiotracers were investigated. Initial regions of interest were manually delineated on T2WI and set on the same level of PET images, and tumor-to-normal brain uptake ratios (TNRs) were calculated to semiquantitatively assess the tracer accumulation in the tumor. The tumor volume in PET and histopathology was calculated. HE and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining were further performed. The correlations between the uptake of S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS and Ki67 were analyzed. Dynamic S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS PET imaging showed tumor uptake rapidly reached a peak, maintained plateau during 10-30 min after injection, then decreased slowly. Compared with [18F]FDG and [18F]FDOPA PET imaging, S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS PET demonstrated the highest TNRs (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the tumor volume measured on S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS PET or HE specimen. Furthermore, our results showed that the uptake of S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS was significantly positively correlated with tumor Ki67, and the poor accumulated S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS was consistent with tumor hemorrhage. There was no significant correlation between the S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS uptakes and the Ktrans values derived from DCE-MRI. In comparison with MRI and histopathology, S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS PET performs well in the diagnosis and evaluation of glioma. S-[18F]CF3-D-CYS PET may serve as a valuable tool in the clinical management of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translational Application of Medical Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyu Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translational Application of Medical Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingxiang Xie
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanwen Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translational Application of Medical Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dahong Nie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translational Application of Medical Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuhua Wen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translational Application of Medical Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ganghua Tang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translational Application of Medical Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Nanfang PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Lin L, Xiang X, Su S, Liu S, Xiong Y, Ma H, Yuan G, Nie D, Tang G. Biological Evaluation of [ 18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU as a Positron Emission Tomography Tracer for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Chem 2021; 9:630452. [PMID: 33937189 PMCID: PMC8085524 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.630452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: N-(2-[18F]fluoropropionyl)-L-glutamate ([18F]FPGLU) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) imaging has been performed in our previous studies, but its radiosynthesis method and stability in vivo need to be improved. Hence, we evaluated the synthesis and biological properties of a simple [18F]-labeled glutamate analog, [18F]AlF-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic-acid-2-S-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-l-glutamate ([18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU), for HCC imaging. Procedures: [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was synthesized via a one-step reaction sequence from NOTA-NSC-GLU. In order to investigate the imaging value of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU in HCC, we conducted positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging and competitive binding of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU in human Hep3B tumor-bearing mice. The transport mechanism of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was determined by competitive inhibition and protein incorporation experiments in vitro. Results: [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was prepared with an overall radiochemical yield of 29.3 ± 5.6% (n = 10) without decay correction within 20 min. In vitro competitive inhibition experiments demonstrated that the Na+-dependent systems XAG-, B0+, ASC, and minor XC- were involved in the uptake of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU, with the Na+-dependent system XAG- possibly playing a more dominant role. Protein incorporation studies of the Hep3B human hepatoma cell line showed almost no protein incorporation. Micro-PET/CT imaging with [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU showed good tumor-to-background contrast in Hep3B human hepatoma-bearing mouse models. After [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU injection, the tumor-to-liver uptake ratio of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was 2.06 ± 0.17 at 30 min post-injection. In vivo competitive binding experiments showed that the tumor-to-liver uptake ratio decreased with the addition of inhibitors to block the XAG system. Conclusions: We have successfully synthesized [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU as a novel PET tracer with good radiochemical yield and high radiochemical purity. Our findings indicate that [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU may be a potential candidate for HCC imaging. Also, a further biological evaluation is underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Lin
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhong Xiang
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Su
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyu Liu
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongjun Yuan
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dahong Nie
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ganghua Tang
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Nanfang PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Ascorbic acid analogue 6-Deoxy-6-[ 18F] fluoro-L-ascorbic acid as a tracer for identifying human colorectal cancer with SVCT2 overexpression. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101055. [PMID: 33677235 PMCID: PMC8046958 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
6-Deoxy-6-[18F]fluoro-L-ascorbic Acid (18F-DFA) was successfully prepared and biological evaluated. Cancer cells with high expression of SVCT2 have higher AA uptake than cancer cells with low expression of SVCT2. 18F-DFA PET imaging showed cancer cells with high expression of SVCT2 had higher 18F-DFA accumulation after tumorigenesis in mice. The first time (to our knowledge), PET imaging directly verified the high accumulation of AA in adrenal gland.
L-ascorbic acid (AA) was reported to have an anti-cancer effect over 40 years. In recent years, several ongoing clinical trials are exploring the safety and efficacy of intravenous high-dose AA for cancer treatment. The lack of appropriate imaging modality limits the identification of potentially suitable patients for AA treatment. This study focuses on identifying AA-sensitive tumor cells using molecular imaging. 6-Deoxy-6-[18F] fluoro-L-ascorbic Acid (18F-DFA), a structural analog of AA, was synthesized and labeled to visualize the metabolism of AA in vivo. Colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines with high and low expression of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters 2 (SVCT2) were used for a series of cellular uptake tests. PET imaging was performed on xenograft tumor-bearing mice. More AA uptake was observed in CRC cells with high SVCT2 expression than in cells with low SVCT2 expression. The substrate (unlabeled AA) can competitively inhibit the 18F-DFA tracer uptake by CRC cells. The biodistribution of 18F-DFA in mice showed high radioactivity was seen in organs such as adrenal glands, kidneys, and liver that were known to have high concentrations of AA. Both PET imaging and tissue distribution showed that cancer cells with high SVCT2 expression enhanced the accumulation of 18F-DFA in mice after tumor formation. Immunohistochemistry was used to verify the corresponding results. As a radiotracer, 18F-DFA can provide powerful imaging information to identify tumor with high affinity of AA, and SVCT2 can be a potential biomarker in this process.
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11
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An JM, Kang S, Huh E, Kim Y, Lee D, Jo H, Joung JF, Kim VJ, Lee JY, Dho YS, Jung Y, Hur JK, Park C, Jung J, Huh Y, Ku JL, Kim S, Chowdhury T, Park S, Kang JS, Oh MS, Park CK, Kim D. Penta-fluorophenol: a Smiles rearrangement-inspired cysteine-selective fluorescent probe for imaging of human glioblastoma. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5658-5668. [PMID: 32874505 PMCID: PMC7449700 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01085e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Two of the most critical factors for the survival of glioblastoma (GBM) patients are precision diagnosis and the tracking of treatment progress. At the moment, various sophisticated and specific diagnostic procedures are being used, but there are relatively few simple diagnosis methods. This work introduces a sensing probe based on a turn-on type fluorescence response that can measure the cysteine (Cys) level, which is recognized as a new biomarker of GBM, in human-derived cells and within on-site human clinical biopsy samples. The Cys-initiated chemical reactions of the probe cause a significant fluorescence response with high selectivity, high sensitivity, a fast response time, and a two-photon excitable excitation pathway, which allows the imaging of GBM in both mouse models and human tissue samples. The probe can distinguish the GBM cells and disease sites in clinical samples from individual patients. Besides, the probe has no short or long-term toxicity and immune response. The present findings hold promise for application of the probe to a relatively simple and straightforward following of GBM at clinical sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min An
- Department of Biomedical Science , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea .
| | - Sangrim Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology , College of Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
- Department of Pathology , College of Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
| | - Eugene Huh
- Department of Medical Science of Meridian , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea .
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology , Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea .
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , Seoul National University Medical Research Center , Seoul 03080 , Korea
| | - Dahae Lee
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology , Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea .
| | - Hyejung Jo
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology , Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea .
| | | | - Veronica Jihyun Kim
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory , Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea
| | - Ji Yeoun Lee
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory , Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery , Seoul National University, Children's Hospital , Seoul 03080 , Korea
| | - Yun Sik Dho
- Department of Neurosurgery , Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea .
| | - Yuna Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea .
| | - Junho K Hur
- Department of Biomedical Science , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea .
- Department of Pathology , College of Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea .
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology , College of Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
| | - Junyang Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea .
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology , College of Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
| | - Youngbuhm Huh
- Department of Biomedical Science , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea .
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology , College of Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
| | - Ja-Lok Ku
- Korean Cell Line Bank , Cancer Research Institute , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea
| | - Sojin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery , Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea .
| | - Tamrin Chowdhury
- Department of Neurosurgery , Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea .
| | - Sungnam Park
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea .
| | - Jae Seung Kang
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology , Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea .
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , Seoul National University Medical Research Center , Seoul 03080 , Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Medical Science of Meridian , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea .
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science , Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery , Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul National University , College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 , Korea .
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea .
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology , College of Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
- Center for Converging Humanities , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species , Biomedical Science Institute , School of Medicine , Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447 , Korea
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Guerrero I, Correa A. Site‐Selective Trifluoromethylation Reactions of Oligopeptides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Guerrero
- Department of Organic Chemistry IUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Joxe Mari Korta R&D Center, Avda. Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Arkaitz Correa
- Department of Organic Chemistry IUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Joxe Mari Korta R&D Center, Avda. Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
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Eitzinger A, Brière JF, Cahard D, Waser M. Enantioselective catalytic synthesis of α-aryl-α-SCF 3-β 2,2-amino acids. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:405-408. [PMID: 31915785 PMCID: PMC6989214 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02666e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a novel entry towards chiral α-SCF3-β2,2-amino acids by carrying out the ammonium salt-catalyzed α-trifluoromethylthiolation of isoxazolidin-5-ones. This approach allowed for high enantioselectivities and high yields and the obtained heterocycles proved to be versatile platforms to access other targets of potential interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Eitzinger
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | | | - Dominique Cahard
- CNRS, UMR 6014 COBRA, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Mario Waser
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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