1
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You CZ, Xu H, Zhao FS, Dou J. A Validation Study of CD133 as a Reliable Marker for Identification of Colorectal Cancer Stem-Like Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2024; 176:369-375. [PMID: 38340198 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is maintained by putative colorectal cancer stem-like cells (CRC-CSCs) that are responsible for CRC metastasis and relapse. Targeting these CSCs can be an effective treatment of CRC. However, reliable identification of CRC-CSCs remains controversial due to the absence of specific markers. It is assumed that glycoprotein CD133 can serve as a useful marker for identification of CRC-CSCs. In this study, we employed CD133 as a marker to identify CRC-CSCs in human (LoVo, HCT116, and SW620) and mouse (CT26) CRC cell lines. In these lines, CD133+ cells were isolated and identified by magnetic-activated cell sorting and flow cytometry. Proliferation, colony formation, and drug resistance of CD133+ cells were analyzed in vitro, and their tumorigenicity was determined in vivo on mice. Proliferation, colony-forming ability, drug resistance, and tumorigenicity of CD133+ cells were higher than those of CD133- cells. Thus, cultured CD133+ cells had the characteristics of CSCs. Hence, glycoprotein CD133 is a reliable marker to identify CRC-CSCs. These results can be used for designing a novel therapeutic target in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Z You
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Xu
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - F S Zhao
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Dou
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Nicolazzo C, Francescangeli F, Magri V, Giuliani A, Zeuner A, Gazzaniga P. Is cancer an intelligent species? Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:1201-1218. [PMID: 37540301 PMCID: PMC10713722 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Some relevant emerging properties of intelligent systems are "adaptation to a changing environment," "reaction to unexpected situations," "capacity of problem solving," and "ability to communicate." Single cells have remarkable abilities to adapt, make adequate context-dependent decision, take constructive actions, and communicate, thus theoretically meeting all the above-mentioned requirements. From a biological point of view, cancer can be viewed as an invasive species, composed of cells that move from primary to distant sites, being continuously exposed to changes in the environmental conditions. Blood represents the first hostile habitat that a cancer cell encounters once detached from the primary site, so that cancer cells must rapidly carry out multiple adaptation strategies to survive. The aim of this review was to deepen the adaptation mechanisms of cancer cells in the blood microenvironment, particularly referring to four adaptation strategies typical of animal species (phenotypic adaptation, metabolic adaptation, niche adaptation, and collective adaptation), which together define the broad concept of biological intelligence. We provided evidence that the required adaptations (either structural, metabolic, and related to metastatic niche formation) and "social" behavior are useful principles allowing putting into a coherent frame many features of circulating cancer cells. This interpretative frame is described by the comparison with analog behavioral traits typical of various animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Nicolazzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Francescangeli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Magri
- Department of Pathology, Oncology and Radiology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giuliani
- Environment and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Ann Zeuner
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Gazzaniga
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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3
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Maltseva D, Tonevitsky A. RNA-binding proteins regulating the CD44 alternative splicing. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1326148. [PMID: 38106992 PMCID: PMC10722200 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1326148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is often deregulated in cancer, and cancer-specific isoform switches are part of the oncogenic transformation of cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that isoforms of the multifunctional cell-surface glycoprotein CD44 play different roles in cancer cells as compared to normal cells. In particular, the shift of CD44 isoforms is required for epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and is crucial for the maintenance of pluripotency in normal human cells and the acquisition of cancer stem cells phenotype for malignant cells. The growing and seemingly promising use of splicing inhibitors for treating cancer and other pathologies gives hope for the prospect of using such an approach to regulate CD44 alternative splicing. This review integrates current knowledge about regulating CD44 alternative splicing by RNA-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Maltseva
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Tonevitsky
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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4
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Neto Í, Rocha J, Gaspar MM, Reis CP. Experimental Murine Models for Colorectal Cancer Research. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092570. [PMID: 37174036 PMCID: PMC10177088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy worldwide and in both sexes. Numerous animal models for CRC have been established to study its biology, namely carcinogen-induced models (CIMs) and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). CIMs are valuable for assessing colitis-related carcinogenesis and studying chemoprevention. On the other hand, CRC GEMMs have proven to be useful for evaluating the tumor microenvironment and systemic immune responses, which have contributed to the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches. Although metastatic disease can be induced by orthotopic injection of CRC cell lines, the resulting models are not representative of the full genetic diversity of the disease due to the limited number of cell lines suitable for this purpose. On the other hand, patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are the most reliable for preclinical drug development due to their ability to retain pathological and molecular characteristics. In this review, the authors discuss the various murine CRC models with a focus on their clinical relevance, benefits, and drawbacks. From all models discussed, murine CRC models will continue to be an important tool in advancing our understanding and treatment of this disease, but additional research is required to find a model that can correctly reflect the pathophysiology of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Íris Neto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Rocha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina P Reis
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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5
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Pei H, Han Z, Wang Y, Xu C, Li Y, Fan Y, Li L, Tang B. Retraction of "Label-Free Isolation of Low-Adhesion Cells with Stem Properties for Cancer Stem Cell-Specific Drug Evaluation". Anal Chem 2023; 95:6191. [PMID: 36122350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Zhu Y, Fu F, Wang Z, Qiu F, Deng T, Du B, Zhu Y, Xi X. Polyphyllin VII is a Potential Drug Targeting CD44 Positive Colon Cancer Cells. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:426-435. [DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220304110222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Current therapies for colon cancer are hindered by treatment failure and recurrence mainly due to colon cancer stem cells (CSCs). Thus, treatment using drugs targeting CSCs should be effective in eliminating colon cancer cells and impeding cancer recurrence.
Objective:
To test if PPVII can a potent drug candidate for the treatment of colon cancer by targeting CD44 positive colon cancer cells.
Methods:
In this study, we first demonstrated that CD44 is highly expressed in colon cancer tissues by TCGA/GTEX database analysis and immunohistochemical staining.
Results:
In this study, we first demonstrated that CD44 is highly expressed in colon cancer tissues by TCGA/GTEX database analysis. CD44 had high accuracy as a diagnostic and predictive index for colorectal cancer through Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. At the same time, survival curve analysis also showed that the high expression of CD44 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with colon cancer. CD44 higher expression in colon cancer tissues was further confirmed by immunohistochemical staining, the positive rate of CD44 expression was 87.95%. Then, one of the constituents that derives from the root of Paris polyphylla, Polyphyllin VII (PPVII) has been confirmed to inhibit the migration of colon cancer cells. Our results also demonstrated that PPVII could inhibit the sphere-forming ability of colon cancer cells. Further experiment results showed that PPVII could downregulate the expression of CD44 in colon cancer cells. In addition, PPVII was proved to have inhibitory effects against CD44 positive colon cancer cells.
Conclusion:
Therefore, PPVII might be a potent candidate reagent for the treatment of colon cancer by targeting CD44 positive colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine
| | - Fei Fu
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine
| | - Fen Qiu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine
| | - Ting Deng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine
| | - Boyu Du
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine.
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine
- Hubei Key laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research
| | - Yunhe Zhu
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine
| | - Xueyan Xi
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine.
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine
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7
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Schwarz FM, Schniewind I, Besso MJ, Lange S, Linge A, Patil SG, Löck S, Klusa D, Dietrich A, Voss-Böhme A, Nowrouzi A, Krause M, Dubrovska A, Kurth I, Peitzsch C. Plasticity within aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive cells determines prostate cancer radiosensitivity. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:794-809. [PMID: 35135863 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity and cellular plasticity are key determinants of tumor progression, metastatic spread and therapy response driven by the cancer stem cell (CSC) population. Within the present study, we analyzed irradiation-induced plasticity within the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive population in prostate cancer (PCa). The radiosensitivity of xenograft tumors derived from ALDH+ and ALDH- cells was determined with local tumor control analyses and demonstrated different dose-response profiles, time to relapse and focal adhesion signaling. The transcriptional heterogeneity was analyzed in pools of ten DU145 and PC3 cells with multiplex gene expression analyses and illustrated a higher degree of heterogeneity within the ALDH+ population that even increases upon irradiation in comparison to ALDH- cells. Phenotypic conversion and clonal competition were analyzed with fluorescence protein-labeled cells to distinguish cellular origins in competitive 3D cultures and xenograft tumors. We found that the ALDH+ population outcompetes ALDH- cells and drives tumor growth, in particular upon irradiation. The observed dynamics of the cellular state compositions between ALDH+ and ALDH- cells in vivo before and after tumor irradiation was reproduced by a probabilistic Markov compartment model that incorporates cellular plasticity, clonal competition and phenotype-specific radiosensitivities. Transcriptional analyses indicate that the cellular conversion from ALDH- into ALDH+ cells within xenograft tumors under therapeutic pressure was partially mediated through induction of the transcriptional repressor SNAI2. In summary, irradiation-induced cellular conversion events are present in xenograft tumors derived from PCa cells and may be responsible for radiotherapy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska M Schwarz
- Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Iñaki Schniewind
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria J Besso
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Lange
- Faculty of Informatics/Mathematics, University of Applied Science, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Linge
- Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shivaprasad G Patil
- Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daria Klusa
- Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Antje Dietrich
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Voss-Böhme
- Faculty of Informatics/Mathematics, University of Applied Science, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ali Nowrouzi
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina Kurth
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Peitzsch
- Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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8
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Bhanu H, Mittal R, Raman S. Evaluation and Clinicopathological Correlation of CD44 in Colorectal Adenoma with Low/High-Grade Dysplasia and Carcinoma. CLINICAL CANCER INVESTIGATION JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/q4yjbhtgzg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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9
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Lin D, Chen X, Liu Y, Lin Z, Luo Y, Fu M, Yang N, Liu D, Cao J. Microgel Single-Cell Culture Arrays on a Microfluidic Chip for Selective Expansion and Recovery of Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12628-12638. [PMID: 34495647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are rare and lack definite biomarkers, necessitating new methods for a robust expansion. Here, we developed a microfluidic single-cell culture (SCC) approach for expanding and recovering colorectal CSCs from both cell lines and tumor tissues. By incorporating alginate hydrogels with droplet microfluidics, a high-density microgel array can be formed on a microfluidic chip that allows for single-cell encapsulation and nonadhesive culture. The SCC approach takes advantage of the self-renewal property of stem cells, as only the CSCs can survive in the SCC and form tumorspheres. Consecutive imaging confirmed the formation of single-cell-derived tumorspheres, mainly from a population of small-sized cells. Through on-chip decapsulation of the alginate microgel, ∼6000 live cells can be recovered in a single run, which is sufficient for most biological assays. The recovered cells were verified to have the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of CSCs. Furthermore, multiple CSC-specific targets were identified by comparing the transcriptomics of the CSCs with the primary cancer cells. To summarize, the microgel SCC array offers a label-free approach to obtain sufficient quantities of CSCs and thus is potentially useful for understanding cancer biology and developing personalized CSC-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongguo Lin
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Microfluidic Chip Medical Diagnosis, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhun Lin
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanzhang Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Mingpeng Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Dayu Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Microfluidic Chip Medical Diagnosis, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Jie Cao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, 1, Panfu Road, Guangzhou 510180, China
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10
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Khan F, Gurung S, Gunassekaran GR, Vadevoo SMP, Chi L, Permpoon U, Haque ME, Lee YK, Lee SW, Kim S, Lee B. Identification of novel CD44v6-binding peptides that block CD44v6 and deliver a pro-apoptotic peptide to tumors to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in mice. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1326-1344. [PMID: 33391537 PMCID: PMC7738880 DOI: 10.7150/thno.50564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD44v6, a splice variant of the cell surface glycoprotein CD44, acts as a co-receptor for c-Met and is upregulated in tumors with high metastatic potential. Methods: We screened a phage-displayed peptide library for peptides that selectively bind to CD44v6-overexpressing cells and exploited them to block CD44v6 and deliver a pro-apoptotic peptide to tumors for cancer therapy. Results: CNLNTIDTC (NLN) and CNEWQLKSC (NEW) peptides bound preferentially to CD44v6-high cells than to CD44v6-low cells. The binding affinities of NLN and NEW to CD44v6 protein were 253 ± 79 and 85 ± 18 nM, respectively. Peptide binding to CD44v6-high cells was inhibited by the knockdown of CD44v6 gene expression and competition with an anti-CD44v6 antibody. A pull-down assay with biotin-labeled peptides enriched CD44v6 from cell lysates. NLN and NEW induced CD44v6 internalization and inhibited hepatocyte growth factor-induced c-Met internalization, c-Met and Erk phosphorylation, and cell migration and invasion. In mice harboring tumors, intravenously administered NLN and NEW homed to the tumors and inhibited metastasis to the lungs. When combined with crizotinib, a c-Met inhibitor, treatment with each peptide inhibited metastatic growth more efficiently than each peptide or crizotinib alone. In addition, KLAKLAKKLAKLAK pro-apoptotic peptide guided by NLN (NLN-KLA) or NEW (NEW-KLA) killed tumor cells and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis. No significant systemic side effects were observed after treatments. Conclusions: These results suggest that NLN and NEW are promising metastasis-inhibiting peptide therapeutics and targeting moieties for CD44v6-expressing metastases.
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