CUB Domain-Containing Protein 1 (CDCP1) is a rational target for the development of imaging tracers and antibody-drug conjugates for cancer detection and therapy

Olink Proteomics for the Identification of Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

This investigation aims to employ Olink proteomics in analyzing the distinct serum proteins associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) and identifying prognostic markers for early detection of PMOP via molecular mechanism research on postmenopausal osteoporosis. Postmenopausal women admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were randomly selected and categorized into three groups based on their dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) T-scores: osteoporosis group (n = 24), osteopenia group (n = 20), and normal bone mass group (n = 16). Serum samples from all participants were collected for clinical and bone metabolism marker measurements. Olink proteomics was utilized to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) that are highly associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The functional analysis of DEPs was performed using Gene Ontology and Kyto Encyclopedia Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The biological characteristics of these proteins and their correlation with PMOP were subsequently analyzed. ROC curve analysis was performed to identify potential biomarkers with the highest diagnostic accuracy for early stage PMOP. Through Olink proteomics, we identified five DEPs highly associated with PMOP, including two upregulated and three downregulated proteins. TWEAK and CDCP1 markers exhibited the highest area under the curve (0.8188 and 0.8031, respectively). TWEAK and CDCP1 have the potential to serve as biomarkers for early prediction of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Antibody-drug conjugates in urinary tumors: clinical application, challenge, and perspectives

Urinary tumors primarily consist of kidney, urothelial, and prostate malignancies, which pose significant treatment challenges, particularly in advanced stages. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, combining monoclonal antibody specificity with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic payloads. This review highlights recent advancements, opportunities, and challenges in ADC application for urinary tumors. We discuss the FDA-approved ADCs and other novel ADCs under investigation, emphasizing their potential to improve patient outcomes. Furthermore, we explore strategies to address challenges, such as toxicity management, predictive biomarker identification, and resistance mechanisms. Additionally, we examine the integration of ADCs with other treatment modalities, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies, and radiation therapy. By addressing these challenges and exploring innovative approaches, the development of ADCs may significantly enhance therapeutic options and outcomes for patients with advanced urinary tumor.