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Chen M, Liu S. Atorvastatin reduces calcification in valve interstitial cells via the NF-κB signalling pathway by promoting Atg5-mediated autophagy. Eur J Histochem 2024; 68:3983. [PMID: 38619020 PMCID: PMC11110720 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2024.3983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is a common cardiovascular disease and a risk factor for sudden death. However, the potential mechanisms and effective therapeutic drugs need to be explored. Atorvastatin is a statin that can effectively prevent cardiovascular events by lowering cholesterol levels. However, whether atorvastatin can inhibit AVC by reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and its possible mechanism of action require further exploration. In the current study, we constructed an in vitro AVC model by inducing calcification of the valve interstitial cells. We found that atorvastatin significantly inhibited osteogenic differentiation, reduced the deposition of calcium nodules in valve interstitial cells, and enhanced autophagy in calcified valve interstitial cells, manifested by increased expression levels of the autophagy proteins Atg5 and LC3B-II/I and the formation of smooth autophagic flow. Atorvastatin inhibited the NF-κB signalling pathway and the expression of inflammatory factors mediated by NF-κB in calcified valve interstitial cells. The activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway led to the reversal of atorvastatin's effect on enhancing autophagy and alleviating valve interstitial cell calcification. In conclusion, atorvastatin inhibited the NF-κB signalling pathway by upregulating autophagy, thereby alleviating valve interstitial cell calcification, which was conducive to improving AVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghui Chen
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei.
| | - Su Liu
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang; Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei.
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Li H, Duan S, Li L, Zhao G, Wei L, Zhang B, Ma Y, Wu MX, Mao Y, Lu M. Bio-Responsive Sliver Peroxide-Nanocarrier Serves as Broad-Spectrum Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Combating Severe Pneumonia. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310532. [PMID: 38095435 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) represent a prevalent resistance mechanism in Gram-negative bacteria, rendering last-line carbapenem-related antibiotics ineffective. Here, a bioresponsive sliver peroxide (Ag2 O2 )-based nanovesicle, named Ag2 O2 @BP-MT@MM, is developed as a broad-spectrum MBL inhibitor for combating MBL-producing bacterial pneumonia. Ag2 O2 nanoparticle is first orderly modified with bovine serum albumin and polydopamine to co-load meropenem (MER) and [5-(p-fluorophenyl)-2-ureido]-thiophene-3-carboxamide (TPCA-1) and then encapsulated with macrophage membrane (MM) aimed to target inflammatory lung tissue specifically. The resultant Ag2 O2 @BP-MT@MM effectively abrogates MBL activity by displacing the Zn2+ cofactor in MBLs with Ag+ and displays potent bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties, specific targeting abilities, and great bioresponsive characteristics. After intravenous injection, the nanoparticles accumulate prominently at infection sites through MM-mediated targeting . Ag+ released from Ag2 O2 decomposition at the infection sites effectively inhibits MBL activity and overcomes the resistance of MBL-producing bacteria to MER, resulting in synergistic elimination of bacteria in conjunction with MER. In two murine infection models of NDM-1+ Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced severe pneumonia and NDM-1+ Escherichia coli-induced sepsis-related bacterial pneumonia, the nanoparticles significantly reduce bacterial loading, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels locally and systemically, and the recruitment and activation of neutrophils and macrophages. This innovative approach presents a promising new strategy for combating infections caused by MBL-producing carbapenem-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shuxian Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mei X Wu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yanfei Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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Feldmann A, Nitschke Y, Linß F, Mulac D, Stücker S, Bertrand J, Buers I, Langer K, Rutsch F. Improved Reversion of Calcifications in Porcine Aortic Heart Valves Using Elastin-Targeted Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16471. [PMID: 38003660 PMCID: PMC10671589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcified aortic valve disease in its final stage leads to aortic valve stenosis, limiting cardiac function. To date, surgical intervention is the only option for treating calcific aortic valve stenosis. This study combined controlled drug delivery by nanoparticles (NPs) and active targeting by antibody conjugation. The chelating agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) was covalently bound to human serum albumin (HSA)-based NP, and the NP surface was modified using conjugating antibodies (anti-elastin or isotype IgG control). Calcification was induced ex vivo in porcine aortic valves by preincubation in an osteogenic medium containing 2.5 mM sodium phosphate for five days. Valve calcifications mainly consisted of basic calcium phosphate crystals. Calcifications were effectively resolved by adding 1-5 mg DTPA/mL medium. Incubation with pure DTPA, however, was associated with a loss of cellular viability. Reversal of calcifications was also achieved with DTPA-coupled anti-elastin-targeted NPs containing 1 mg DTPA equivalent. The addition of these NPs to the conditioned media resulted in significant regression of the valve calcifications compared to that in the IgG-NP control without affecting cellular viability. These results represent a step further toward the development of targeted nanoparticular formulations to dissolve aortic valve calcifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Feldmann
- Department of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children’s Hospital, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (A.F.); (Y.N.); (I.B.)
- International Network of Ectopic Calcification (INTEC), 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.L.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Yvonne Nitschke
- Department of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children’s Hospital, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (A.F.); (Y.N.); (I.B.)
- International Network of Ectopic Calcification (INTEC), 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.L.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Franziska Linß
- International Network of Ectopic Calcification (INTEC), 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.L.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (D.M.); (K.L.)
| | - Dennis Mulac
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (D.M.); (K.L.)
| | - Sina Stücker
- International Network of Ectopic Calcification (INTEC), 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.L.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- International Network of Ectopic Calcification (INTEC), 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.L.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Insa Buers
- Department of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children’s Hospital, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (A.F.); (Y.N.); (I.B.)
- International Network of Ectopic Calcification (INTEC), 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.L.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (D.M.); (K.L.)
| | - Frank Rutsch
- Department of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children’s Hospital, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (A.F.); (Y.N.); (I.B.)
- International Network of Ectopic Calcification (INTEC), 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.L.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
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