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Lee E, Banik A, Lee KB, Sim SM, Kil AH, Hwang BJ, Kee Y. Assessment of the Novel Anti-Seizure Potential of Validamycin A Using Zebrafish Epilepsy Model. Molecules 2024; 29:2572. [PMID: 38893448 PMCID: PMC11173475 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Validamycin A (VA) is an antibiotic fungicide that inhibits trehalase activity and is widely used for crop protection in agriculture. In this study, we identified a novel function of VA as a potential anti-seizure medication in a zebrafish epilepsy model. Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis demonstrated that VA reduced pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures in the brains of larval and adult zebrafish. Moreover, VA reduced PTZ-induced irregular movement in a behavioral assessment of adult zebrafish. The developmental toxicity test showed no observable anatomical alteration when the zebrafish larvae were treated with VA up to 10 µM within the effective range. The median lethal dose of VA in adult zebrafish was > 14,000 mg/kg. These results imply that VA does not demonstrate observable toxicity in zebrafish at concentrations effective for generating anti-seizure activity in the EEG and alleviating abnormal behavior in the PTZ-induced epileptic model. Furthermore, the effectiveness of VA was comparable to that of valproic acid. These results indicate that VA may have a potentially safer anti-seizure profile than valproic acid, thus offering promising prospects for its application in agriculture and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhye Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Amit Banik
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Environmental and Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | | | - Seung Min Sim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Ah Hyun Kil
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byung Joon Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kee
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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Lu Y, Ye K, Zhu L, Cai X, Yang S, Li J, Jiang R, Fan Y, Chen X. Synthesis of a series of validoxylamine A esters and their biological activities. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:5109-5119. [PMID: 34240541 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide reduction in food production due to pests and diseases is still an important challenge facing today. Validoxylamine A (VAA) is a natural polyhydroxyl compound derived from validamycin, acting as an efficient trehalase inhibitor with insecticidal and antifungal activities. To extend the application and discover green pesticide, a series of ester derivatives were prepared based on VAA as a lead compound. Their biological activities were investigated against three typically agricultural disease, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Aphis craccivora. RESULTS This study involved 30 novel validoxylamine A fatty acid esters (VAFAEs) synthesized by Novozym 435 and they were characterized with high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR). Of these 30 derivatives, most compounds showed improved antifungal activity, and 12 novel compounds showed improved insecticidal activity. When reacted with pentadecanoic acid, compound 14 showed the highest inhibitory activity against R. solani [median effective concentration (EC50 ) 0.01 μmol L-1 ], while the EC50 value of VAA was 34.99 μmol L-1 . Furthermore, 21 novel VAFAEs showed higher inhibitory activity against S. sclerotiorum. Validoxylamine A oleic acid ester, compound 21, exhibited the highest insecticidal activity against A. craccivora [median lethal concentration (LC50 ) 39.63 μmol L-1 ], while the LC50 value of Pymetrozine was 50.45 μmol L-1 , a commercialized pesticide against A. craccivora. CONCLUSION Combining our results, esterification of VAA by introducing different acyl donors was beneficial for the development of new eco-friendly drugs in the field of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuele Lu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kang Ye
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linjing Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Cai
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruini Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxian Fan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Fan Y, Yu Y, Jia X, Chen X, Shen Y. Cloning, expression and medium optimization of validamycin glycosyltransferase from Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. jinggangensis for the biotransformation of validoxylamine A to produce validamycin A using free resting cells. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 131:13-20. [PMID: 23340099 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Validamycin A is widely used to control Basidiomycetes, which causes sheath blight disease in rice, potatoes, vegetables, and other crops as well as dumping-off disease in vegetable seedlings, cotton, sugar beets, and other plants. In order to improve the content of validamycin A in the commercial products, valG from Streptomyces hygroscopicus was successfully cloned into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and was directly employed as the biocatalyst in the biotransformation from validoxylamine A to validamycin A with the existence of d-cellobiose using the free resting cells in the present study. The fermentation medium was optimized through single factor experiment and response surface method. With the optimized medium, which contained lactose 4.7g/L, yeast extract 49.5g/L, ammonium chloride 2.7g/L, potassium phosphate buffer solution 110mL/L, Ca(2+) 0.0352g/L, the biomass yield and enzyme activity reached 5.5g/L and 1.49U/mL, respectively, which were nearly twice higher than those with initial medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxian Fan
- Institute of Fermentation Engineering, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18# Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
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Zhou X, Wu H, Li Z, Zhou X, Bai L, Deng Z. Over-expression of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase increases validamycin A but decreases validoxylamine A production in Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. jinggangensis 5008. Metab Eng 2011; 13:768-76. [PMID: 22008983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During the fermentation of Streptomyces hygroscopicus TL01 to produce validamycin A (18 g/L), a considerable amount of an intermediate validoxylamine A (4.0 g/L) is accumulated. Chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis of validamycin A was not observed during the fermentation process. Over-expression of glucosyltransferase ValG in TL01 did not increase the efficiency of glycosylation. However, increased validamycin A and decreased validoxylamine A production were observed in both the cell-free extract and fermentation broth of TL01 supplemented with a high concentration of UDP-glucose. The enzymatic activity of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (Ugp) in TL01, which catalyzes UDP-glucose formation, was found to be much lower than the activities of other enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-glucose and the glucosyltransferase ValG. An ugp gene was cloned from S. hygroscopicus 5008 and verified to code for Ugp. In TL01 with an extra copy of ugp, the transcription of ugp was increased for 1.5 times, and Ugp activity was increased by 100%. Moreover, 22 g/L validamycin A and 2.5 g/L validoxylamine A were produced, and the validamycin A/validoxylamine A ratio was increased from 3.15 in TL01 to 5.75. These data prove that validamycin A biosynthesis is limited by the supply of UDP-glucose, which can be relieved by Ugp over-expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Deng Z, Bai L. Antibiotic biosynthetic pathways and pathway engineering--a growing research field in China. Nat Prod Rep 2006; 23:811-27. [PMID: 17003911 DOI: 10.1039/b611140h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the recent research activities in China in relation to studies on antibiotic biosynthetic pathways and pathway engineering in actinomycetes. 75 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Deng
- Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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Bai L, Li L, Xu H, Minagawa K, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Floss HG, Mahmud T, Deng Z. Functional analysis of the validamycin biosynthetic gene cluster and engineered production of validoxylamine A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 13:387-97. [PMID: 16632251 PMCID: PMC1474575 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2006.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2005] [Revised: 01/25/2006] [Accepted: 02/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A 45 kb DNA sequencing analysis from Streptomyces hygroscopicus 5008 involved in validamycin A (VAL-A) biosynthesis revealed 16 structural genes, 2 regulatory genes, 5 genes related transport, transposition/integration or tellurium resistance; another 4 genes had no obvious identity. The VAL-A biosynthetic pathway was proposed, with assignment of the required genetic functions confined to the sequenced region. A cluster of eight reassembled genes was found to support VAL-A synthesis in a heterologous host, S. lividans 1326. In vivo inactivation of the putative glycosyltransferase gene (valG) abolished the final attachment of glucose for VAL production and resulted in accumulation of the VAL-A precursor, validoxylamine, while the normal production of VAL-A could be restored by complementation with valG. The role of valG in the glycosylation of validoxylamine to VAL-A was demonstrated in vitro by enzymatic assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linquan Bai
- Lab of Metabolic Engineering, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lei Li
- Lab of Metabolic Engineering, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Lab of Metabolic Engineering, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Kazuyuki Minagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3507, USA
| | - Yi Yu
- Lab of Metabolic Engineering, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yirong Zhang
- Lab of Metabolic Engineering, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiufen Zhou
- Lab of Metabolic Engineering, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Heinz G. Floss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1700, USA
| | - Taifo Mahmud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3507, USA
- *For Correspondence: Zixin DENG, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China. Tel: +86 21 62933404, E-mail: , Taifo MAHMUD, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3507, USA. Tel: +01 541-737-9679, E-mail:
| | - Zixin Deng
- Lab of Metabolic Engineering, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- *For Correspondence: Zixin DENG, School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China. Tel: +86 21 62933404, E-mail: , Taifo MAHMUD, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3507, USA. Tel: +01 541-737-9679, E-mail:
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