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Kudo F, Kishikawa K, Tsuboi K, Kido T, Usui T, Hashimoto J, Shin-Ya K, Miyanaga A, Eguchi T. Acyltransferase Domain Exchange between Two Independent Type I Polyketide Synthases in the Same Producer Strain of Macrolide Antibiotics. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200670. [PMID: 36602093 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Streptomyces graminofaciens A-8890 produces two macrolide antibiotics, FD-891 and virustomycin A, both of which show significant biological activity. In this study, we identified the virustomycin A biosynthetic gene cluster, which encodes type I polyketide synthases (PKSs), ethylmalonyl-CoA biosynthetic enzymes, methoxymalony-acyl carrier protein biosynthetic enzymes, and post-PKS modification enzymes. Next, we demonstrated that the acyltransferase domain can be exchanged between the Vsm PKSs and the PKSs involved in FD-891 biosynthesis (Gfs PKSs), without any supply problems of the unique extender units. We exchanged the malonyltransferase domain in the loading module of Gfs PKS with the ethylmalonyltransferase domain and the methoxymalonyltransferase domain of Vsm PKSs. Consequently, the expected two-carbon-elongated analog 26-ethyl-FD-891 was successfully produced with a titer comparable to FD-891 production by the wild type; however, exchange with the methoxymalonyltransferase domain did not produce any FD-891 analogs. Furthermore, 26-ethyl-FD-891 showed potent cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells, like natural FD-891.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Kudo
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Meguro-ku, O-okayama, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Meguro-ku, O-okayama, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Kazuma Tsuboi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Meguro-ku, O-okayama, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Takafusa Kido
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Meguro-ku, O-okayama, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Takeo Usui
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Junko Hashimoto
- Japan Biological Informatics Consortium (JBIC), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shin-Ya
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Akimasa Miyanaga
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Meguro-ku, O-okayama, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Tadashi Eguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Meguro-ku, O-okayama, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
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Elshahawi SI, Shaaban KA, Kharel MK, Thorson JS. A comprehensive review of glycosylated bacterial natural products. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:7591-697. [PMID: 25735878 PMCID: PMC4560691 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00426d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A systematic analysis of all naturally-occurring glycosylated bacterial secondary metabolites reported in the scientific literature up through early 2013 is presented. This comprehensive analysis of 15 940 bacterial natural products revealed 3426 glycosides containing 344 distinct appended carbohydrates and highlights a range of unique opportunities for future biosynthetic study and glycodiversification efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif I Elshahawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. and Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Khaled A Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. and Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Madan K Kharel
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, USA
| | - Jon S Thorson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. and Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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The Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane as an In Vivo Assay to Study Antiangiogenesis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2010; 3:482-513. [PMID: 27713265 PMCID: PMC4033966 DOI: 10.3390/ph3030482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiangiogenesis, e.g., inhibition of blood vessel growth, is being investigated as a way to prevent the growth of tumors and other angiogenesis-dependent diseases. Pharmacological inhibition interferes with the angiogenic cascade or the immature neovasculature with synthetic or semi-synthetic substances, endogenous inhibitors or biological antagonists.The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is an extraembryonic membrane, which serves as a gas exchange surface and its function is supported by a dense capillary network. Because its extensive vascularization and easy accessibility, CAM has been used to study morphofunctional aspects of the angiogenesis process in vivo and to study the efficacy and mechanism of action of pro- and anti-angiogenic molecules. The fields of application of CAM in the study of antiangiogenesis, including our personal experience, are illustrated in this review article.
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Lu K, Huang M, Xiang Z, Liu Y, Chen J, Yang Z. Development of a Concise and Diversity-Oriented Approach for the Synthesis of Plecomacrolides via the Diene−Ene RCM. Org Lett 2006; 8:1193-6. [PMID: 16524301 DOI: 10.1021/ol060221v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A concise synthesis of the core structures of plecomacrolide with ring sizes varying from 16 to 19 atoms was achieved for the first time by the diene-ene ring-closing olefin metathesis reaction. This approach should allow access to the structurally diverse analogues of plecomacrolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing, China
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Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of the C14-C25 subunit of bafilomycin A1 was realized in a convergent route. The sequence involves two dynamic kinetic resolution steps of 2-alkyl 1,3-diketones that use optically active ruthenium complexes, an anti-selective reduction of a beta-hydroxyketone to control the C23 stereogenic center, and an aldol-type reaction under Evans' conditions, which sets the C17 and C18 stereogenic centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Eustache
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique associé au CNRS, ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris 05, France
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Gaisser S, Lill R, Wirtz G, Grolle F, Staunton J, Leadlay PF. New erythromycin derivatives from Saccharopolyspora erythraea using sugar O-methyltransferases from the spinosyn biosynthetic gene cluster. Mol Microbiol 2001; 41:1223-31. [PMID: 11555300 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02594.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Using a previously developed expression system based on the erythromycin-producing strain of Saccharopolyspora erythraea, O-methyltransferases from the spinosyn biosynthetic gene cluster of Saccharopolyspora spinosa have been shown to modify a rhamnosyl sugar attached to a 14-membered polyketide macrolactone. The spnI, spnK and spnH methyltransferase genes were expressed individually in the S. erythraea mutant SGT2, which is blocked both in endogenous macrolide biosynthesis and in ery glycosyltransferases eryBV and eryCIII. Exogenous 3-O-rhamnosyl-erythronolide B was efficiently converted into 3-O-(2'-O-methylrhamnosyl)-erythronolide B by the S. erythraea SGT2 (spnI) strain only. When 3-O-(2'-O-methylrhamnosyl)-erythronolide B was, in turn, fed to a culture of S. erythraea SGT2 (spnK), 3-O-(2',3'-bis-O-methylrhamnosyl)-erythronolide B was identified in the culture supernatant, whereas S. erythraea SGT2 (spnH) was without effect. These results confirm the identity of the 2'- and 3'-O-methyltransferases, and the specific sequence in which they act, and they demonstrate that these methyltransferases may be used to methylate rhamnose units in other polyketide natural products with the same specificity as in the spinosyn pathway. In contrast, 3-O-(2',3'-bis-O-methylrhamnosyl)-erythronolide B was found not to be a substrate for the 4'-O-methyltransferase SpnH. Although rhamnosylerythromycins did not serve directly as substrates for the spinosyn methyltransferases, methylrhamnosyl-erythromycins were obtained by subsequent conversion of the corresponding methylrhamnosyl-erythronolide precursors using the S. erythraea strain SGT2 housing EryCIII, the desosaminyltransferase of the erythromycin pathway. 3-O-(2'-O-methylrhamnosyl)-erythromycin D was tested and found to be significantly active against a strain of erythromycin-sensitive Bacillus subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gaisser
- Cambridge Centre for Molecular Recognition and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
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Toshima K, Jyojima T, Miyamoto N, Katohno M, Nakata M, Matsumura S. The first total synthesis of concanamycin f (concanolide a). J Org Chem 2001; 66:1708-15. [PMID: 11262117 DOI: 10.1021/jo001377q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A highly stereoselective total synthesis of the macrolide antibiotic concanamycin F (1), a specific and potent inhibitor of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase, has been achieved by a convergent route involving the synthesis and coupling of its 18-membered tetraenic lactone and beta-hydroxyl hemiacetal side chain subunits. The C1-C19 18-membered lactone aldehyde 4 was synthesized through the intermolecular Stille coupling of the C5-C13 vinyl iodide 24 and the C14-C19 vinyl stannane 25, followed by construction of the C1-C4 diene and macrolactonization. Synthesis of 4 via a second convergent route including the esterification of the C1-C13 vinyl iodide 45 and the C14-C19 vinyl stannane 47 followed by the intramolecular Stille coupling was also realized. The highly stereoselective aldol coupling of 4 and the C20-C28 ethyl ketone 5 followed by desilylation provided 1 which was identical with natural concanamycin F.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Toshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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Jyojima T, Katohno M, Miyamoto N, Nakata M, Matsumura S, Toshima K. Synthetic studies on concanamycin A: Synthesis of the C5∼C13 and C20∼C28 segments. Tetrahedron Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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