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Ferrer-Torres D, Nancarrow DJ, Steinberg H, Wang Z, Kuick R, Weh KM, Mills RE, Ray D, Ray P, Lin J, Chang AC, Reddy RM, Orringer MB, Canto MI, Shaheen NJ, Kresty LA, Chak A, Wang TD, Rubenstein JH, Beer DG. Constitutively Higher Level of GSTT2 in Esophageal Tissues From African Americans Protects Cells Against DNA Damage. Gastroenterology 2019; 156:1404-1415. [PMID: 30578782 PMCID: PMC6441633 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS African American and European American individuals have a similar prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), yet esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) disproportionately affects European American individuals. We investigated whether the esophageal squamous mucosa of African American individuals has features that protect against GERD-induced damage, compared with European American individuals. METHODS We performed transcriptional profile analysis of esophageal squamous mucosa tissues from 20 African American and 20 European American individuals (24 with no disease and 16 with Barrett's esophagus and/or EAC). We confirmed our findings in a cohort of 56 patients and analyzed DNA samples from patients to identify associated variants. Observations were validated using matched genomic sequence and expression data from lymphoblasts from the 1000 Genomes Project. A panel of esophageal samples from African American and European American subjects was used to confirm allele-related differences in protein levels. The esophageal squamous-derived cell line Het-1A and a rat esophagogastroduodenal anastomosis model for reflux-generated esophageal damage were used to investigate the effects of the DNA-damaging agent cumene-hydroperoxide (cum-OOH) and a chemopreventive cranberry proanthocyanidin (C-PAC) extract, respectively, on levels of protein and messenger RNA (mRNA). RESULTS We found significantly higher levels of glutathione S-transferase theta 2 (GSTT2) mRNA in squamous mucosa from African American compared with European American individuals and associated these with variants within the GSTT2 locus in African American individuals. We confirmed that 2 previously identified genomic variants at the GSTT2 locus, a 37-kb deletion and a 17-bp promoter duplication, reduce expression of GSTT2 in tissues from European American individuals. The nonduplicated 17-bp promoter was more common in tissue samples from populations of African descendant. GSTT2 protected Het-1A esophageal squamous cells from cum-OOH-induced DNA damage. Addition of C-PAC increased GSTT2 expression in Het-1A cells incubated with cum-OOH and in rats with reflux-induced esophageal damage. C-PAC also reduced levels of DNA damage in reflux-exposed rat esophagi, as observed by reduced levels of phospho-H2A histone family member X. CONCLUSIONS We found GSTT2 to protect esophageal squamous cells against DNA damage from genotoxic stress and that GSTT2 expression can be induced by C-PAC. Increased levels of GSTT2 in esophageal tissues of African American individuals might protect them from GERD-induced damage and contribute to the low incidence of EAC in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daysha Ferrer-Torres
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Derek J. Nancarrow
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Hannah Steinberg
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Zhuwen Wang
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Rork Kuick
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Katherine M. Weh
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ryan E. Mills
- Departments of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Dipankar Ray
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Paramita Ray
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jules Lin
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Andrew C. Chang
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Rishindra M. Reddy
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Mark B. Orringer
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Marcia I. Canto
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Nicholas J. Shaheen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599
| | - Laura A. Kresty
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Amitabh Chak
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Thomas D. Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI 48109
| | - Joel H. Rubenstein
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI 48109
| | - David G. Beer
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Tian J, Liu C, Liu G, Zuo C, Chen H. Cumulative evidence for association between genetic polymorphisms and esophageal cancer susceptibility: A review with evidence from meta-analysis and genome-wide association studies. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1289-1305. [PMID: 30793520 PMCID: PMC6434199 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of publications had reported the association between single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and esophageal cancer (EC) risk in the past decades. Results from these publications were controversial. We used PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science to identify meta‐analysis articles published before 30 July 2018, that summarize a comprehensive investigation for cumulative evidence of genetic polymorphisms of EC and its subtype risk. Two methods, Venice criteria and false‐positive report probability (FPRP) tests, were used to assess cumulative evidence of significant associations. At last, 107 meta‐analyses were considered to be in conformity with the inclusion criteria, yielding 51 variants associated with EC or esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Thirty‐eight variants were considered to be nominally significant associated with risk of EC or ESCC, whereas the rest showed non‐association. In additional, five variants on five genes were rated as strong cumulative epidemiological evidence for a nominally significant association with EC and ESCC risk, including CYP1A1 rs1048943, EGF rs444903, HOTAIR rs920778, MMP2 rs243865, and PLCE1 rs2274223, 10 variants were rated as moderate, and 18 variants were rated as weak. Additionally, 17 SNPs were verified noteworthy in six genomewide association studies (GWAS) using FPRP methods. Collectively, this review offered a comprehensively referenced information with cumulative evidence of associations between genetic polymorphisms and EC and ESCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Caiyang Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanchu Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunjian Zuo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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He F, Liu C, Zhang R, Hao Z, Li Y, Zhang N, Zheng L. Association between the Glutathione-S-transferase T1 null genotype and esophageal cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis involving 11,163 subjects. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15111-15121. [PMID: 29599931 PMCID: PMC5871102 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glutathione-S-Transferase T1 (GSTT1) null genotype has been shown to be associated with the risk of esophageal cancer. However, the results remain inconsistent. Thus a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to assess the strength of association between GSTT1 null genotype and the risk of esophageal cancer. Materials and Methods A literature search of PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang databases up to March 31, 2017 was conducted and 30 eligible articles with 4482 cases and 6681 controls were finally recruited. The strength of correlation between GSTT1 polymorphism and the susceptibility of esophageal cancer was assessed by the crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed to further identify the association. Results GSTT1 null genotype significantly increased the risk of esophageal cancer (OR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.04-1.40; P < 0.05). In a subgroup analysis by ethnicity, GSTT1 null genotype was correlated with a significantly increased risk of esophageal cancer among Asians (OR = 1.33; 95% CI 1.12-1.58; P < 0.05), instead of Caucasians or Africans (OR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.65-1.26; P > 0.05 for Caucasians and OR = 1.32; 95% CI 0.98-1.77; P > 0.05 for Africans). In the analysis by histological type, GSTT1 null genotype was correlated with a significantly increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OR = 1.34; 95% CI 1.12-1.61; P < 0.05), particularly among Asians (OR = 1.54; 95% CI 1.30-1.82; P < 0.05), but not among Caucasians or Africans (OR = 0.87; 95% CI 0.48-1.57; P > 0.05 for Caucasians and OR = 1.32; 95% CI 0.98-1.77; P > 0.05 for Africans). In addition, there is no significant correlation between GSTT1 null genotype and the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.71-1.35; P > 0.05). Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that GSTT1 null genotype significantly increases esophageal cancer risk, particularly in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Changyu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhipeng Hao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yangkai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
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Zakiullah, Saeed M, Ali S, Javed N, Khisroon M, Muhammad B, Khuda F, Ahmad S, Ismail M. Genetic susceptibility to esophageal cancer due to CYP1A1 gene variant rs4646903 in tobacco addicted patients of Pashtun ethnicity: a case control study in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:6715-20. [PMID: 25169514 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.16.6715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate associations of the CYP1A1 gene variant rs4646903 polymorphism with the risk of developing esophageal cancer (EC). A case-control study was carried out in Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan in which 140 hospital based EC cases and 196 population based healthy controls exposed to similar environmental conditions were included. A specific method based on the real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect genotypes in case and control groups and results were then analyzed with SPSS version 20. In our population, individuals with CC and TC genotypes of the CYP1A1 rs4646903 polymorphism had significantly higher risk of EC (adjusted odds (OR): 15.709, 95%CI: 6.065-40.686, OR: 3.256 95%CI: 1.902-5.574 respectively). The 'C' allele was strongly associated with the disease (p< 0.0001). Adjusted OR was higher (1.5 times in C/C) in case of variant alleles that show the contribution of environmental and nutritional factors towards the development of EC. Our findings suggest that presence of the 'C' allele of rs4646903 (T>C) may be one of the risk alleles for EC susceptibility in Pashtun population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakiullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Bannu, Pakistan E-mail :
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Makhdoomi MA, Shah IA, Bhat GA, Amin S, Lone MM, Islami F, Dar NA. Association between GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: results from a case-control study in Kashmir, India. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:2613-9. [PMID: 25432134 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2882-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), the phase II xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes, have been associated with increased cancer risk. In this study, we assessed the association of functional polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1 with esophageal cancer in Kashmir, India, an area with a high incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We analyzed genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 using a multiplex PCR in 492 pairs of ESCC cases and individually matched controls. The associations between polymorphisms in these genes and ESCC risk were examined by conditional logistic regression models adjusted for multiple potential confounders. In addition, the interaction between these genes and several environmental exposures with regard to ESCC risk was assessed. Our results showed an association between the GSTT1 null genotype and ESCC risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-2.39). Although GSTM1 alone was not associated with ESCC risk, individuals with the GSTM1 (-)/GSTT1 (+) genotype showed an inverse relation with ESCC risk (OR = 0.55; 95% CI 0.32-0.93), compared to GSTM1 (+)/GSTT1 (+) individuals. We found a significant interaction between the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotypes with regard to ESCC risk (P = 0.001); however, there were no interactions between environmental factors and GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotypes. This study indicates that GSTT1 null genotype is associated with ESCC risk in Kashmiri population. The association between GSTM1 and ESCC risk needs further investigations. Interactions of these genotypes with environmental exposures should be examined in multicentric studies with bigger sample sizes.
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Coskunpinar E, Canbay E, Oltulu YM, Tiryakioglu NO, Bugra D. GSTT1 is deregulated in left colon tumors. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:2319-21. [PMID: 24716977 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.5.2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to determine GSTT1 expression levels in left colon tumors and paired normal tissue in order to identify specific alterations in GSTT1 mRNA levels. Alterations in GSTT1 expression in twenty-four left- sided colon tumors and paired cancer free tissue were determined by qRT-PCR. Significant fold changes were determined with t-test. When compared with cancer free tissue, left colon cancers showed a significant decrease in GSTT1 expression. However, GSTT1 mRNA levels among different grades increased gradually in correlation with tumor grade. Our results suggest that downregulation of GSTT1 in left-sided colon cancers is an early event and is reversed with cancer progression, probably due to cellular defense mechanisms as a response to changes in the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ender Coskunpinar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey E-mail :
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