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Chen Y, Huang Y, Chen DM, Wu C, Leng QP, Wang WY, Deng MQ, Zhao YX, Yang XH. RRM1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with gemcitabine. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:5579-5589. [PMID: 30237724 PMCID: PMC6135431 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s162667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The usefulness of ribonucleotide reductase catalytic subunit M1 (RRM1) for predicting the therapeutic effects of gemcitabine-containing chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. RRM1-positive patients show unique clinicopathological features. Methods Here, we performed a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the relationship between RRM1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC patients treated with gemcitabine-containing regimens. A comprehensive electronic and manual search was performed to identify relevant articles. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% CI were used to estimate the relation between the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC patients and RRM1 expression. Results The study included 31 observational studies and 3,667 patients. The analysis showed no significant association between RRM1 expression and pathological type, stage, and smoking status; however, RRM1 positivity was significantly lower in women than in men (43.0% vs 51.7%, RR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.94, P=0.004). Conclusion The present pooled analyses demonstrated that RRM1 positivity in women with advanced NSCLC was associated with a higher rate of response to gemcitabine-containing regimens. Immunohistochemistry may be valuable to prescreen for RRM1 expression in clinical practice, whereas PCR can be routinely used as a verification method. These findings will help design suitable molecular-targeted therapies for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China,
| | - Ying Huang
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001 Xinjiang, China
| | - Dong-Ming Chen
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830001 Xinjiang, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China,
| | - Qiu-Ping Leng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China,
| | - Wen-Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China,
| | - Ming-Qin Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China,
| | - Yan-Xia Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China,
| | - Xiao-Hong Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China,
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Kim MK. Analysis of the Correlation between Expressions of HSP90α, HSP90β, and GRP94, and the Clinicopathologic Characteristics in Tissues of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2017.49.4.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyeong Kim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Gimhae College, Gimhae, Korea
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Markkanen E. Not breathing is not an option: How to deal with oxidative DNA damage. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 59:82-105. [PMID: 28963982 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage constitutes a major threat to genetic integrity, and has thus been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. 7,8-dihydro-8oxo-deoxyGuanine (8-oxo-G) is one of the best characterised oxidative DNA lesions, and it can give rise to point mutations due to its miscoding potential that instructs most DNA polymerases (Pols) to preferentially insert Adenine (A) opposite 8-oxo-G instead of the correct Cytosine (C). If uncorrected, A:8-oxo-G mispairs can give rise to C:G→A:T transversion mutations. Cells have evolved a variety of pathways to mitigate the mutational potential of 8-oxo-G that include i) mechanisms to avoid incorporation of oxidized nucleotides into DNA through nucleotide pool sanitisation enzymes (by MTH1, MTH2, MTH3 and NUDT5), ii) base excision repair (BER) of 8-oxo-G in DNA (involving MUTYH, OGG1, Pol λ, and other components of the BER machinery), and iii) faithful bypass of 8-oxo-G lesions during replication (using a switch between replicative Pols and Pol λ). In the following, the fate of 8-oxo-G in mammalian cells is reviewed in detail. The differential origins of 8-oxo-G in DNA and its consequences for genetic stability will be covered. This will be followed by a thorough discussion of the different mechanisms in place to cope with 8-oxo-G with an emphasis on Pol λ-mediated correct bypass of 8-oxo-G during MUTYH-initiated BER as well as replication across 8-oxo-G. Furthermore, the multitude of mechanisms in place to regulate key proteins involved in 8-oxo-G repair will be reviewed. Novel functions of 8-oxo-G as an epigenetic-like regulator and insights into the repair of 8-oxo-G within the cellular context will be touched upon. Finally, a discussion will outline the relevance of 8-oxo-G and the proteins involved in dealing with 8-oxo-G to human diseases with a special emphasis on cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enni Markkanen
- Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 260, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Qasem WA, Yousef AM, Yousef M, Manasreh I. Thymidylate Synthase Polymorphisms and Risk of Lung Cancer among the Jordanian Population: a Case Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:8287-92. [PMID: 26745074 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.18.8287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes the methylation of deoxyuridylate to deoxythymidylate and is involved in DNA methylation, synthesis and repair. Two common polymorphisms have been reported, tandem repeats in the promoter-enhancer region (TSER), and 6bp ins/del in the 5'UTR, that are implicated in a number of human diseases, including cancer. The association between the two polymorphisms in risk for lung cancer (LC) was here investigated in the Jordanian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS An age, gender, and smoking-matched case-control study involving 84 lung cancer cases and 71 controls was conducted. The polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was used to detect the polymorphism of interest. RESULTS Individuals bearing the ins/ins genotype were 2.5 times more likely to have lung cancer [(95%CI: 0.98-6.37), p=0.051]. Individuals who were less than or equal to 57 years and carrying ins/ins genotype were 4.6 times more susceptible to lung cancer [OR<57 vs >57years: 4.6 (95%CI: 0.93-22.5), p=0.059)]. Genotypes and alleles of TSER were distributed similarly between cases and controls. Weak linkage disequilibrium existed between the two loci of interest (Lewontin's coefficient [D']) (LC: D' =0.03, r2: 0. 001, p= 0.8; CONTROLS D' =0.29, r2: 0.08, p=0.02). Carriers of the "3 tandem repeats_insertion" haplotype (3R_ins) were 2 times more likely to have lung cancer [2 (95%CI: 1.13-3.48), p=0.061]. CONCLUSIONS Genetic polymorphism of TS at 3` UTR and its haplotype analysis may modulate the risk of lung cancer in Jordanians. The 6bp ins/del polymorphism of TS at 3 `UTR is more informative than TSER polymorphism in predicting increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam Al Qasem
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan E-mail : ,
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Rogalska A, Marczak A. Nuclear DNA Damage and Repair in Normal Ovarian Cells Caused by Epothilone B. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:6535-9. [PMID: 26434870 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.15.6535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to assess, whether a new chemotherapeutic microtubule inhibitor, Epothilone B (EpoB, Patupilone), can induce DNA damage in normal ovarian cells (MM14.Ov), and to evaluate if such damage could be repaired. The changes were compared with the effect of paclitaxel (PTX) commonly employed in the clinic. The alkaline comet assay technique and TUNEL assay were used. The kinetics of DNA damage formation and the level of apoptotic cells were determined after treatment with IC50 concentrations of EpoB and PTX. It was observed that PTX generated significantly higher apoptotic and genotoxic changes than EpoB. The peak was observed after 48 h of treatment when the DNA damage had a maximal level. The DNA damage induced by both tested drugs was almost completely repaired. As EpoB in normal cells causes less damage to DNA it might be a promising anticancer drug with potential for the treatment of ovarian tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Rogalska
- Department of Thermobiology, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska, Lodz, Poland E-mail :
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Zou ZQ, Du YY, Sui G, Xu SN. Expression of TS, RRM1, ERCC1, TUBB3 and STMN1 Genes in Tissues of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and its Significance in Guiding Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:3189-94. [PMID: 25921119 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.8.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the expression of TS, RRM, ERCC1, TUBB3 and STMN1 genes in the tissues of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its significance in guiding the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to detect the expression of TS, RRM, ERCC1, TUBB3 and STMN1 genes in the tissues of NSCLC patients so as to analyze the relationship between the expression of each gene and the clinical characteristics and to guide the postoperative individualized chemotherapy according to the detection results of NSCLC patients. RESULTS Expression of TS gene was evidently higher in patients with adenocarcinoma than those with non-adenocarcinoma (P=0.013) and so was the expression of ERCC1 (P=0.003). The expression of TUBB3 gene was obviously higher in NSCLC patients in phases I/II and IV than those in phase III (P1=0.021; P2=0.004), and it was also markedly higher in patients without lymph node metastasis than those with (P=0.008). The expression of STMN1 gene was apparently higher in patients in phase I/II than those in phase IV (P=0.002). There was no significant difference between the rest gene expression and the clinical characteristics of NSCLC patients (P>0.05). Additionally, the disease- free survival (DFS) was significantly longer in patients receiving gene detections than those without (P=0.021). CONCLUSIONS The selection of chemotherapeutic protocols based singly on patients' clinical characteristics has certain blindness. However, the detection of tumor-susceptible genes can guide the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and prolong the DFS of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China E-mail : ;
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Hou Y, Zhen J, Xu X, Zhen K, Zhu B, Pan R, Zhao C. miR-215 functions as a tumor suppressor and directly targets ZEB2 in human non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:1985-1992. [PMID: 26622784 PMCID: PMC4579799 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-215 (miR-215) has previously been demonstrated to be dysregulated in a number of human malignancies and to be correlated with tumor progression. However, the expression and function of miR-215 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has remained to be elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-215 in NSCLC tumorigenesis and development. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate miR-215 expression in NSCLC cell lines and primary tumor tissues. The association between miR-215 expression and certain clinicopathological factors was also determined, and the effects of miR-215 on the biological behavior of NSCLC cells were investigated. In addition, the potential regulatory function of miR-215 on zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) expression was examined. miR-215 expression was significantly downregulated in NSCLC cell lines and clinical specimens. Reduced miR-215 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. Overexpression of miR-215 inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro, and suppressed tumorigenicity in vivo. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assay analysis identified ZEB2 as a direct target of miR-215. These findings indicated that miR-215 may act as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC and may serve as a novel therapeutic agent for miR-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China ; Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
| | - Junwen Zhen
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhen
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
| | - Rui Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
| | - Chidong Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Kurtul N, Eroglu C, Unal D, Tasdemir EA, Orhan O, Zararsiz G, Baran M, Kaplan B, Kontas O. Prognostic value of SPARC expression in unresectable NSCLC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:8911-6. [PMID: 25374228 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.20.8911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to determine the predictive/prognostic value of the secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in cases of unresectable, locally advanced, non-small cell lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 84 patients with Stage IIIA-B non-small cell lung cancer, undergoing simultaneous chemoradiotherapy including radiotherapy at a dose of 66 Gy and weekly docataxel (20 mg/m2) and cisplatin (20 mg/m2). SPARC expression was studied in biopsy material by immunohistochemical methods and correlations with treatment responses or survival were evaluated. RESULTS Median overall survival was 16±2.73 (11.55-20.46) months for low expression vs 7±1.79 months (7.92-16.08) months for high expression (p=0.039), while median local control was 13±2.31 (8.48-17.5) months for low expression vs 6±0.85 (4.34-7.66) months for high expression (p=0.045) and median progression-free survival was 10±2.31 (5.48-14.5) months for low expression vs 6±1.10 (3.85-8.15) months for high expression (p=0.022). In both univariate and multivariate analyses, high SPARC expression was associated with significantly shorter overall survival (p=0.003, p=0.007, respectively), local control (p=0.008, p=0.036) and progression-free survival (p=0.004, p=0.029) when compared to low SPARC expression. No significant difference was detected between high and low SPARC expression groups regarding age, sex, T stage, N stage, histopathology and stage-related patient characteristics. CONCLUSIONS High SPARC expression was identified as a poor prognostic factor in cases with locally advanced NSCLC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Kurtul
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sutcu Imam University Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey E-mail :
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Araujo TDO, Costa LT, Fernandes J, Aucélio RQ, de Campos RC. Biomarkers to assess the efficiency of treatment with platinum-based drugs: what can metallomics add? Metallomics 2014; 6:2176-88. [PMID: 25387565 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00192c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Since the approval of cisplatin as an antineoplastic drug, the medical and the scientific communities have been concerned about the side effects of platinum-based drugs, and this has been the dose-limiting factor that leads to reduced treatment efficiency. Another important issue is the intrinsic or acquired resistance of some patients to treatment. Identifying proper biomarkers is crucial in evaluating the efficiency of a treatment, assisting physicians in determining, at early stages, whether or not the patient presents resistance to the drug, minimizing severe side effects, and allowing them to redirect the established course of chemotherapy. A great effort is being made to identify biomarkers that can be used to predict the outcome of the treatment of cancer patients with platinum-based drugs. In this context, the metallomic approach has not yet been used to its full potential. Since the basis of these drugs is platinum, the monitoring of biomarkers containing this metal should be the natural approach to evaluate treatment progress. This review intends to show where the research in this field stands and points out some gaps that can be filled by metallomics.
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Mellatyar H, Akbarzadeh A, Rahmati M, Ghalhar MG, Etemadi A, Nejati-Koshki K, Zarghami N, Barkhordari A. Comparison of Inhibitory Effect of 17-DMAG Nanoparticles and Free 17-DMAG in HSP90 Gene Expression in Lung Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:8693-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.20.8693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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