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Nemr MTM, Elshewy A, Ibrahim ML, El Kerdawy AM, Halim PA. Design, synthesis, antineoplastic activity of new pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives as dual CDK2/GSK3β kinase inhibitors; molecular docking study, and ADME prediction. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107566. [PMID: 38896936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives 5a-h were designed and synthesized as targeted anti-cancer agents through dual CDK2/GSK-3β inhibition. The designed compounds demonstrated moderate to potent activity on the evaluated cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and T-47D). Compounds 5c and 5 g showed the most promising cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines surpassing that of the used reference standard; staurosporine. On the other hand, both compounds showed good safety and tolerability on normal fibroblast cell line (MCR5). The final compounds 5c and 5 g showed a promising dual CDK2/GSK-3β inhibitory activity with IC50 of 0.244 and 0.128 μM, respectively, against CDK2, and IC50 of 0.317 and 0.160 μM, respectively, against GSK-3β. Investigating the effect of compounds 5c and 5 g on CDK2 and GSK-3β downstream cascades showed that they reduced the relative cellular content of phosphorylated RB1 and β-catenin compared to that in the untreated MCF-7 cells. Moreover, compounds 5c and 5 g showed a reasonable selective inhibition against the target kinases CDK2/GSK-3β in comparison to a set of seven off-target kinases. Furthermore, the most potent compound 5 g caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase in MCF-7 cells preventing the cells' progression to G2/M phase inducing cell apoptosis. Molecular docking studies showed that the final pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives have analogous binding modes in the target kinases interacting with the hinge region key amino acids. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the predicted binding mode by molecular docking. Moreover, in silico predictions indicated their favorable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties in addition to their promising cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T M Nemr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshewy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala 43713, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed L Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Peter A Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
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2
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Abouelenein MG, El-Rashedy AA, Awad HM, El Farargy AF, Nassar IF, Nassrallah A. Synthesis, molecular modeling Insights, and anticancer assessment of novel polyfunctionalized Pyridine congeners. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106910. [PMID: 37871393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes synthesizing a novel series of polyfunctionalized pyridine congeners 1-18 and assessed for cytotoxic efficacies versus HCT-116, MCF-7, and HepG-2 among one non-cancerous BJ-1 human normal cell. Most compounds were precisely potent anticancer candidate drugs. The molecular impact of the most active compounds 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, and 17 was evaluated after MCF-7 treatment. The gene expression of pro- and ant-apoptosis markers P53, Bax, Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 as well as VEGFR-2 and HER2 were determined. Compounds 13 and 15 induced upregulation of pro-apoptosis of P53, Bax, Caspase-3 and downregulation of anti-apoptosis Bcl-2 gene. However, compound 15 showed higher effect compared to 13 and respective control. Moreover, a slight reduction in HER2 gene expression was detected due to compound 15 treatment, while VEGFR-2 gene was upregulated. In agreement, the immunoblotting analysis showed higher accumulation of P53, Bax, Caspase-3 proteins and of decrease the Bcl-2 protein levels. Furthermore, docking studies united with molecular dynamic simulation exposed compounds 13 and 15 fitting in the middle of the active site at the interface linking the ATP binding site and the allosteric hydrophobic binding pocket. Finally, we performed Petra/Osiris/ Molinspiration (POM) analysis for the newly synthesized compounds. The evaluation of primary in silico parameters revealed significant differences among individual polyfunctionalized pyridine compounds, highlighting the most promising candidates. These preliminary results may help in coordinating and initiating other research projects focused on polyfunctionalized pyridine compounds, especially those with predicted bioactivity, low toxicity, optimal ADME parameters, and promising perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed G Abouelenein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menofia University, Shebin El-Koam, Menofia, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A El-Rashedy
- Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center (NRC), Egypt
| | - Hanem M Awad
- Department of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Egypt
| | - Ahmed F El Farargy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim F Nassar
- Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Nassrallah
- Basic Applied Science Institute, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST) P.O. Box 179, New Borg El-Arab City Postal Code 21934, Alexandria, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt
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3
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Eissa IH, El-Haggar R, Dahab MA, Ahmed MF, Mahdy HA, Alsantali RI, Elwan A, Masurier N, Fatahala SS. Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation of novel Benzoxazole-Benzamide conjugates via a 2-Thioacetamido linker as potential anti-proliferative agents, VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptotic inducers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1587-1599. [PMID: 35637622 PMCID: PMC9176662 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2081844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel series of 2-thioacetamide linked benzoxazole-benzamide conjugates 1-15 was designed as potential inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). The prepared compounds were evaluated for their potential antitumor activity and their corresponding selective cytotoxicity was estimated using normal human fibroblast (WI-38) cells. Compounds 1, 9-12 and 15 showed good selectivity and displayed excellent cytotoxic activity against both HCT-116 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines compared to sorafenib, used as a reference compound. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 11 showed potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. The cell cycle progression assay showed that 1 and 11 induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, with a concomitant increase in the pre-G1 cell population. Further pharmacological studies showed that 1 and 11 induced apoptosis and inhibited the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins in both cell lines. Therefore, compounds 1 and 11 might serve as promising candidates for future anticancer therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Radwan El-Haggar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa F Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem I Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nicolas Masurier
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Samar S Fatahala
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Eldehna WM, Maklad RM, Almahli H, Al-Warhi T, Elkaeed EB, Abourehab MAS, Abdel-Aziz HA, El Kerdawy AM. Identification of 3-(piperazinylmethyl)benzofuran derivatives as novel type II CDK2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and in silico insights. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1227-1240. [PMID: 35470754 PMCID: PMC9126595 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2062337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current work, a hybridisation strategy was adopted between the privileged building blocks, benzofuran and piperazine, with the aim of designing novel CDK2 type II inhibitors. The hybrid structures were linked to different aromatic semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide, or acylhydrazone tails to anchor the designed inhibitors onto the CDK2 kinase domain. The designed compounds showed promising CDK2 inhibitory activity. Compounds 9h, 11d, 11e and 13c showed potent inhibitory activity (IC50 of 40.91, 41.70, 46.88, and 52.63 nM, respectively) compared to staurosporine (IC50 of 56.76 nM). Moreover, benzofurans 9e, 9h, 11d, and 13b showed promising antiproliferative activities towards different cancer cell lines, and non-significant cytotoxicity on normal lung fibroblasts MRC-5 cell line. Furthermore, a cell cycle analysis as well as Annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay on Panc-1 cell line were performed. Molecular docking simulations were performed to explore the ability of target benzofurans to adopt the common binding pattern of CDK2 type II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagdy M Eldehna
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Raed M Maklad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.,Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Hadia Almahli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, NewGiza University (NGU), Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Eldehna WM, Salem R, Elsayed ZM, Al-Warhi T, Knany HR, Ayyad RR, Traiki TB, Abdulla MH, Ahmad R, Abdel-Aziz HA, El-Haggar R. Development of novel benzofuran-isatin conjugates as potential antiproliferative agents with apoptosis inducing mechanism in Colon cancer. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1424-1435. [PMID: 34176414 PMCID: PMC8245078 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1944127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current work, a new set of carbohydrazide linked benzofuran-isatin conjugates (5a-e and 7a-i) was designed and synthesised. The anticancer activity for compounds (5b-d, 7a, 7b, 7d and 7g) was measured against NCI-55 human cancer cell lines. Compound 5d was the most efficient, and thus subjected to the five-dose screen where it showed excellent broad activity against almost all tested cancer subpanels. Furthermore, all conjugates (5a-e and 7a-i) showed a good anti-proliferative activity towards colorectal cancer SW-620 and HT-29 cell lines, with an excellent inhibitory effect for compounds 5a and 5d (IC50 = 8.7 and 9.4 µM (5a), and 6.5 and 9.8 µM for (5d), respectively). Both compounds displayed selective cytotoxicity with good safety profile. In addition, both compounds provoked apoptosis in a dose dependent manner in SW-620 cells. Also, they significantly inhibited the anti-apoptotic Bcl2 protein expression and increased the cleaved PARP level that resulted in SW-620 cells apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Rofaida Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Zainab M. Elsayed
- Scientific Research and Innovation Support Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada R. Knany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rezk R. Ayyad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thamer Bin Traiki
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha-Hamadien Abdulla
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem A. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Radwan El-Haggar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Eldehna WM, Al-Rashood ST, Al-Warhi T, Eskandrani RO, Alharbi A, El Kerdawy AM. Novel oxindole/benzofuran hybrids as potential dual CDK2/GSK-3β inhibitors targeting breast cancer: design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:270-285. [PMID: 33327806 PMCID: PMC7751407 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1862101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine protein kinases CDK2 and GSK-3β are key oncotargets in breast cancer cell lines, therefore, in the present study three series of oxindole-benzofuran hybrids were designed and synthesised as dual CDK2/GSK-3β inhibitors targeting breast cancer (5a-g, 7a-h, and 13a-b). The N1 -unsubstituted oxindole derivatives, series 5, showed moderate to potent activity on both MCF-7 and T-47D breast cancer cell lines. Compounds 5d-f showed the most potent cytotoxic activity with IC50 of 3.41, 3.45 and 2.27 μM, respectively, on MCF-7 and of 3.82, 4.53 and 7.80 μM, respectively, on T-47D cell lines, in comparison to the used reference standard (staurosporine) IC50 of 4.81 and 4.34 μM, respectively. On the other hand, the N1 -substituted oxindole derivatives, series 7 and 13, showed moderate to weak cytotoxic activity on both breast cancer cell lines. CDK2 and GSK-3β enzyme inhibition assay of series 5 revealed that compounds 5d and 5f are showing potent dual CDK2/GSK-3β inhibitory activity with IC50 of 37.77 and 52.75 nM, respectively, on CDK2 and 32.09 and 40.13 nM, respectively, on GSK-3β. The most potent compounds 5d-f caused cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase in MCF-7 cells inducing cell apoptosis because of the CDK2/GSK-3β inhibition. Molecular docking studies showed that the newly synthesised N1 -unsubstituted oxindole hybrids have comparable binding patterns in both CDK2 and GSK-3β. The oxindole ring is accommodated in the hinge region interacting through hydrogen bonding with the backbone CO and NH of the key amino acids Glu81 and Leu83, respectively, in CDK2 and Asp133 and Val135, respectively, in GSK-3β. Whereas, in series 7 and 13, the N1 -substitutions on the oxindole nucleus hinder the compounds from achieving these key interactions with hinge region amino acids what rationalises their moderate to low anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Sara T. Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan O. Eskandrani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. El Kerdawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Giza University, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Eissa AAM, Aljamal KFM, Ibrahim HS, Abdelrasheed Allam H. Design and synthesis of novel pyridopyrimidine derivatives with anchoring non-coplanar aromatic extensions of EGFR inhibitory activity. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105318. [PMID: 34488123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the synthesis of three series of 4-substituted pyridopyrimidin derivatives 4a-h, 5a-d. 6a-d, starting from 2-amino-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-(substituted) phenyl)nicotinonitrile 2a-d via the reaction with N,N-dimethyl-N-' substituted phenyl formimidamide to obtain 4a-h or with either phenyl isothiocyanate 1:1 and 1:2 to obtain 5a-d, 6a-d respectively. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their effectiveness as EGFR inhibitors against Gefitinib. Six compounds; 4b,g,h, 5c and 6a,d prompted significantly higher EGFR inhibitory activity relative to that of Gefitinib. While two compounds 4d and 4f showed IC50 values non-significantly different from that of the reference drug. Furthermore, compounds 4a, 4 h, 6a and 6d were chosen to be assessed in vitro for their cytotoxicity against two EGFR-overexpressing cell lines; two human cancer cell lines namely: MCF7 and MDA-MB-361. Moreover, cell cycle analysis and apoptotic assay was applied for compound 4b that showed most potent inhibitory activity on EGFR, and the highest cytotoxicity against MCF7 and MDA-MB-361, where cell cycle arrest was achieved at pre G and S phases with increased apoptosis. Additionally, a molecular docking study was achieved to inspect the interaction of this compound with the active site of EGFR-TK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal A M Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Kholoud F M Aljamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hany S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Heba Abdelrasheed Allam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
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8
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Induction of apoptosis, cytotoxicity and radiosensitization by novel 3,4-dihydroquinazolinone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 49:128308. [PMID: 34363937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Twenty new quinazolinone derivatives bearing a piperonyl moiety were designed and synthesized. The structures of the target compounds were in agreement with the microanalytical and spectral data. Compounds 4-10, 13, 14 and 17-27 were screened for their cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. The target compounds showed IC50 in the range of 2.46-36.85 µM and 3.87-88.93 µM for HepG-2 and MCF-7, respectively. The promising compounds 7, 19, 26 and 27 were selected to measure their EGFR inhibitory activity. The IC50 values of the promising compounds were in the range of 146.9-1032.7 nM for EGFR in reference to Erlotinib (IC50 = 96.6 nM). In further studies on compounds 7, 19, 26 and 27 using HepG-2 cell line, there was significant overexpression of p21 and downregulation of two members of IAPs protein family; Survivin and XIAP, relative to their controls. Annexin V-FITC and caspase-3 analyses have established a significant increase in early apoptosis. Moreover, the four selected compounds have impaired cell proliferation by cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase compared to their respective control. Considering radiotherapy as the primary treatment for many types of solid tumors, the radiosensitizing abilities of compounds 7, 19, 26 and 27 were measured against HepG-2 and MCF-7 cell lines combined with a single dose of 8 Gy gamma radiation. Measurement of the IC50 of the promising compounds after irradiation revealed their ability to sensitize the cells to the lethal effect of gamma irradiation (IC50 = 1.56-4.32 µM and 3.06-5.93 µM for HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells, respectively). Molecular docking was performed to gain insights into the ligand-binding interactions of 7, 19, 26 and 27 inside the EGFR binding sites and revealed their essential interactions, explaining their good activity towards EGFR.
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9
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Eldehna WM, Abo-Ashour MF, Al-Warhi T, Al-Rashood ST, Alharbi A, Ayyad RR, Al-Khayal K, Abdulla M, Abdel-Aziz HA, Ahmad R, El-Haggar R. Development of 2-oindolin-3-ylidene-indole-3-carbohydrazide derivatives as novel apoptotic and anti-proliferative agents towards colorectal cancer cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:319-328. [PMID: 33345633 PMCID: PMC7751403 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1862100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial anti-apoptotic Bcl2 and BclxL proteins, are overexpressed in multiple tumour types, and has been involved in the progression and survival of malignant cells. Therefore, inhibition of such proteins has become a validated and attractive target for anticancer drug discovery. In this manner, the present studies developed a series of novel isatin-indole conjugates (7a-j and 9a-e) as potential anticancer Bcl2 and BclxL inhibitors. The progression of the two examined colorectal cancer cell lines was significantly inhibited by all of the prepared compounds with IC50 ranges132-611 nM compared to IC50 = 4.6 µM for 5FU, against HT-29 and IC50 ranges 37-468 nM compared to IC50 = 1.5 µM for 5FU, against SW-620. Thereafter, compounds 7c and 7g were selected for further investigations. Interestingly, both compounds exhibited selective cytotoxicity against both cell lines with high safety to normal fibroblast (HFF-1). In addition, both compounds 7c and 7g induced apoptosis and inhibited Bcl2 and BclxL expression in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, the high potency and selective cytotoxicity suggested that conjugates 7c and 7g could be a starting point for further optimisation to develop novel pro-apoptotic and antitumor agents towards colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud F Abo-Ashour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara T Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rezk R Ayyad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khayal Al-Khayal
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdulla
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Radwan El-Haggar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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10
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Badroon NA, Abdul Majid N, Alshawsh MA. Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Cardamonin against Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061757. [PMID: 32545423 PMCID: PMC7353428 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer in terms of incidence and the fourth in terms of mortality. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents almost 90% of primary liver cancer and has become a major health problem globally. Cardamonin (CADMN) is a natural bioactive chalcone found in several edible plants such as cardamom and Alpinia species. Previous studies have shown that CADMN possesses anticancer activities against breast, lung, prostate and colorectal cancer. In the present study, the mechanisms underlying the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of CADMN were investigated against HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated that CADMN has anti-proliferative effects and apoptotic action on HepG2 cells. CADMN showed potent cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells with an IC50 of 17.1 ± 0.592 μM at 72 h. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that CADMN arrests HepG2 cells in G1 phase and induces a significant increase in early and late apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. The mechanism by which CADMN induces apoptotic action was via activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Moreover, the findings of this study showed the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which inhibit the NF-κB pathway and further enhance the apoptotic process. Together, our findings further support the potential anticancer activity of CADMN as an alternative therapeutic agent against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassrin A. Badroon
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (N.A.M.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. Alshawsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.A.M.); (M.A.A.)
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Allam HA, Aly EE, Farouk AK, El Kerdawy AM, Rashwan E, Abbass SE. Design and Synthesis of some new 2,4,6-trisubstituted quinazoline EGFR inhibitors as targeted anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and In Silico Studies of Certain Oxindole-Indole Conjugates as Anticancer CDK Inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092031. [PMID: 32349307 PMCID: PMC7248897 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
On account of their overexpression in a wide range of human malignancies, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are among the most validated cancer targets, and their inhibition has been featured as a valuable strategy for anticancer drug discovery. In this study, a hybrid pharmacophore approach was adopted to develop two series of oxindole-indole conjugates (6a-i and 9a-f) and carbocycle-indole conjugates (11a,b) as efficient antitumor agents with potential inhibitory action toward CDK4. All oxindole-indole conjugates, except 6i, 9b, and 9c efficiently affected the growth of the human breast cancer MCF-7 (IC50: 0.39 ± 0.05-21.40 ± 1.58 μM) and/or MDA-MB-231 (IC50: 1.03 ± 0.04-22.54 ± 1.67 μM) cell lines, whereas bioisosteric replacement of the oxindole nucleus with indane or tetralin rings (compounds 11a,b) diminished the anti-proliferative activity. In addition, hybrids 6e and 6f displayed effective cell cycle disturbance and proapoptotic capabilities in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, the efficient anti-proliferative agents towards MCF-7 and/or MDA-MB-231 cell lines (6a-h, 9a, and 9e) were investigated for their potential inhibitory action toward CDK4. Hybrids 6a and 6e displayed good CDK4 inhibitory activity with IC50s equal 1.82 and 1.26 µM, respectively. The molecular docking study revealed that oxindole moiety is implicated in two H-bonding interactions via both (NH) and (C=O) groups with the key amino acids Glu94 and Val96, respectively, whereas the indole framework is stably accommodated in a hydrophobic sub-pocket establishing hydrophobic interactions with the amino acid residues of Ile12, Val20, and Gln98 lining this sub-pocket. Collectively, these results highlighted hybrids 6a and 6e as good leads for further optimization as promising antitumor drugs toward breast malignancy and CDK inhibitors.
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Almutairi MS, Hassan ES, Keeton AB, Piazza GA, Abdelhameed AS, Attia MI. Antiproliferative activity and possible mechanism of action of certain 5-methoxyindole tethered C-5 functionalized isatins. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:3069-3078. [PMID: 31695325 PMCID: PMC6718129 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s208241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Cancer is one of the most dreaded human diseases, that has become an ever-increasing health problem and is a prime cause of death globally. The potential antiproliferative activity of certain indole-isatin molecular hybrids 5a-w was evaluated in vitro against three human cancer cell lines. Methods Standard protocols were adopted to examine the antiproliferative potential and mechanisms of compounds 5a-w. Western blot analysis was carried out on compound 5o. Results Compounds 5a-w demonstrated in vitro antiproliferative activity in the range of 22.6-97.8%, with compounds 5o and 5w being the most active antiproliferative compounds with IC50 values of 1.69 and 1.91 µM, which is fivefold and fourfold more potent than sunitinib (IC50=8.11 µM), respectively. Compound 5o was selected for in-depth pharmacological testing to understand its possible mechanism of antiproliferative activity. It caused a lengthening of the G1 phase and a reduction in the S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle and had an IC50 value of 10.4 μM with the resistant NCI-H69AR cancer cell line. Moreover, compound 5o significantly decreased the amount of phosphorylated Rb protein in a dose-dependent fashion, which was confirmed via Western blot analysis. Conclusion The current investigation highlighted the potential antiproliferative activity of compounds 5a-w as well as the antiproliferative profile of compound 5o. These compounds can be harnessed as new lead antiproliferatives in the preclinical studies of cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha S Almutairi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman S Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Ghad International Medical Sciences College, Female Section, Riyadh 13315, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adam B Keeton
- Department of Oncologic Sciences and Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604-1405, USA
| | - Gary A Piazza
- Department of Oncologic Sciences and Pharmacology, Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604-1405, USA
| | - Ali S Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed I Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza 12622, Egypt
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Abdel-Mohsen HT, Omar MA, El Kerdawy AM, Mahmoud AEE, Ali MM, El Diwani HI. Novel potent substituted 4-amino-2-thiopyrimidines as dual VEGFR-2 and BRAF kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:707-722. [PMID: 31284081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we report the discovery of a novel class of substituted 4-amino-2-thiopyrimidines as antiangiogenic and antiproliferative agents. Structural hybridization between 4-substituted aminopyrimidines (VEGFR-2 inhibitors) and 2-thioxopyrimidines (BRAF inhibitors) was carried out to afford substituted 4-amino-2-thiopyrimidines as type II dual VEGFR-2/BRAF inhibitors. Our design strategy was tailored such that the 4-amino-2-thiopyrimidine scaffold is to be accommodated in the central gate area of the inactive DFG-out conformation of both enzymes. On one side, the hydrophobic substituent on the 4-amino group would occupy the hydrophobic back pocket and on the other side the substituent on the sulfide moiety should extend to fit in the hinge region (front pocket). Molecular docking simulations confirmed the ability of the designed compounds to accomplish the key interactions in VEGFR-2 and BRAF active sites. Most of the synthesized substituted 4-amino-2-thiopyrimidines demonstrated potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity at submicromolar concentrations. Compounds 8a, 8d, 9c and 9e showed IC50 = 0.17, 0.12, 0.17 and 0.19 μM, respectively against VEGFR-2 in comparison to sorafenib (I) IC50 = 0.10 μM and regorafenib (II) IC50 = 0.005 μM. While compounds 9c, 9d and 10a showed IC50 = 0.15, 0.22 and 0.11 μM, respectively against BRAF-WT. At 10 μM concentration 9c revealed promising in vitro broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines with growth inhibition percent ranging from 10 to 90%. Moreover, compounds 7b, 8d, 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d showed potent activity against MCF7 cell line (IC50 = 17.18, 17.20, 19.98, 19.61, 13.02 and 16.54 μM, respectively). On the other hand, compounds 9c, 9d and 10d were found to be the most potent compounds against T-47D cell line (IC50 = 2.18, 8.09 and 4.36 μM, respectively). Studying the effect of the most potent compounds on VEGFR-2 level in MCF7 cell line revealed that 9c and 9d showed inhibition percent of 84 and 80%, respectively, in comparison to sorafenib (I) (% inhibition = 90%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba T Abdel-Mohsen
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Omar
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt; Molecular Modeling Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Giza University, New Giza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer E E Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh M Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hoda I El Diwani
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Type IIA - Type IIB protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors hybridization as an efficient approach for potent multikinase inhibitor development: Design, synthesis, anti-proliferative activity, multikinase inhibitory activity and molecular modeling of novel indolinone-based ureides and amides. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 163:37-53. [PMID: 30503942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pursuing on our efforts regarding development of novel multikinase inhibitors, herein we report the design and synthesis of novel 2-indolinone-based ureides 6a-u and amides 10a-j. In this work we adopt a hybridization strategy between type IIA PTK inhibitor (sorafenib) and type IIB PTK inhibitors (sunitinib and nintedanib). This was implemented via linking the indolinone core, in both sunitinib and nintedanib, which is well-fitted in the hinge region in the kinase domain front cleft and the biaryl urea extension, in sorafenib, which is accommodated in the gate area and the hydrophobic back pocket. Molecular docking of the designed hybrid compounds in VEGFR-2 and FGFR-1 active sites revealed, as planned, their ability to establish the binding interactions achieved by both original type IIA and type IIB inhibitors. The designed compounds were evaluated for their multikinase inhibitory activity towards VEGFR-2, PDGFR-b and FGFR-1 and anti-proliferative activity towards HepG2, MCF-7, A549 and A498 cancer cell lines. The ureido analogue 6u emerged as the most potent multikinase inhibitor in the ureido series with VEGFR-2, FGFR-1 and PDGFR-b IC50 of 0.18, 0.23 and 0.10 μM, respectively. Whereas, the amido congener 10j emerged as the most potent multikinase inhibitor in the amide series with VEGFR-2, FGFR-1 and PDGFR-b IC50 of 0.28, 0.46 and 0.09 μM, respectively. While, indolinone 6u was the most potent derivative towards HepG2 cells (IC50 = 2.67 ± 0.14 μM), 6r stood out as the most potent indolinone against A498 cells (IC50 = 0.78 ± 0.02 μM). Additionally, the target indolinones displayed non-significant cytotoxic impact towards human normal melanocyte (HFB4). ADME prediction study of the designed compounds showed that they are not only with promising multikinase inhibitory activity but also with favorable pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties. Compounds 6r and 10j are revealed to be the best compounds in terms of multikinase activity and pharmacokinetics.
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Junior WAR, Gomes DB, Zanchet B, Schönell AP, Diel KA, Banzato TP, Ruiz AL, Carvalho JE, Neppel A, Barison A, Santos CAM. Antiproliferative effects of pinostrobin and 5,6-dehydrokavain isolated from leaves of Alpinia zerumbet. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Xu XS, Miao RC, Wan Y, Zhang LQ, Qu K, Liu C. FoxM1 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Cancer Drug Therapy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:23-9. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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