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Nigam K, Verma Y, Dwivedi M, Sanyal S. BER genes expression in oral and pre-oral cancer: Combinatorial approach to propose potential biomarker. Curr Probl Cancer 2024; 50:101104. [PMID: 38718710 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DNA repair genes and their variants have been found to alter the risk of oral cancer. METHOD The level of expression of XRCC3, NBS1, and OGG1 genes among 20 cases of oral cancer, 6 pre-oral cancer, and 50 healthy control subjects was measured with RT-PCR. All the subjects were also genotyped for XRCC3 rs861539 C>T, NBS1 rs1805794 C>G, and OGG1 rs1052133 C>G polymorphisms by the PCR-RFLP method; their genotypes were correlated with their level of expression. Further, a localized fold structure analysis of the mRNA sequence surrounding the studied SNPs was performed with RNAfold. RESULTS Results showed increased expression of XRCC3, NBS1, and OGG1 transcripts among oral cancer (4.49 fold, 3.45 fold, and 3.27 fold) as well as pre-oral cancer (3.04 fold, 5.32 fold, and 1.74 fold) as compared to control subjects. The transcript level of OGG1 was found to be significantly increased (6.68 fold, p-value 0.009) with the GG genotype compared to the CC genotype. The C>T polymorphism of XRCC3 and the C>G polymorphism of OGG1 result in an apparent change in its mRNA secondary structure. Folding energy with the C allele for XRCC3 C>T polymorphism was lower than that of the T allele (MFE C vs T: -50.20 kcal/mol vs -48.70 kcal/mol). In the case of OGG1 C>G polymorphism MFE for the C allele was higher (-23.30 kcal/mole) than with the G allele (-24.80 kcal/mol). CONCLUSION Our results showed elevated levels of XRCC3, NBS1, and OGG1 both in oral cancer and pre-oral cancer conditions, which indicates their role as prospective biomarkers of oral cancer and pre-cancerous lesions. SNPs in these genes alter their level of expression, possibly by altering the secondary structure of their transcript. However, due to the small sample size our study can only provide a suggestive conclusion and warned future study with large sample size to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumud Nigam
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, Gomti Nagar Ext. Lucknow-226028, India
| | - Yogendra Verma
- Department of Oral Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Manish Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, Gomti Nagar Ext. Lucknow-226028, India
| | - Somali Sanyal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, Gomti Nagar Ext. Lucknow-226028, India.
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Association between XRCC3 rs861539 Polymorphism and the Risk of Ovarian Cancer: Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3915402. [PMID: 35978646 PMCID: PMC9377891 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3915402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Current studies on the relationship between XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk have been inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to explore their association. Methods Six electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and China Wanfang Database) were searched for relevant studies published before December 2021. Meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis were performed using Stata software 16.0. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed using TSA 0.9.5.10 Beta software. Results A total of 12 studies were included in 9 literatures, comprising 4,634 cases of ovarian cancer and 7,381 controls. After Bonferroni correction, the meta-analysis showed an association between XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk in the heterozygote model and the dominant model (GA vs. GG: OR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.81-0.96, P = 0.003; GG vs. GA+AA: OR = 0.89, 95%CI = 0.82-0.96, P = 0.004). In an ethnically stratified subgroup analysis, XRCC3 rs861539 was shown to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer in Caucasian in the heterozygote model and the dominant model (GA vs. GG: OR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.81-0.96, P = 0.004; GG vs. GA+AA: OR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.81-0.96, P = 0.004). In the control source and detection method stratified subgroup analysis, hospital-based studies and PCR-RFLP-based studies were found to increase ovarian cancer risk (GG vs. AA: OR = 1.30, 95%CI = 1.05-1.62, P = 0.016; GG vs. AA: OR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.06-1.62, P = 0.013). Conclusion This meta-analysis showed a significant association between XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk, especially in Caucasians. Large-scale multicenter case-control studies in more different regions will be needed in the future.
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Pachuau L, Zami Z, Nunga T, Zodingliana R, Zoramthari R, Lalnuntluanga R, Sangi Z, Rinmawii L, Kumar NS, Lalhruaitluanga H. First-degree family history of cancer can be a potential risk factor among head and neck cancer patients in an isolated Mizo tribal population, northeast India. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Association between RAD51, XRCC2 and XRCC3 gene polymorphisms and risk of ovarian cancer: a case control and an in silico study. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4209-4220. [PMID: 34097201 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06434-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is one of the important mechanisms in repairing double-strand breaks to maintain genomic integrity and DNA stability from the cytotoxic effects and mutations. Various studies have reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HR-associated genes may have a significant association with ovarian cancer (OCa) risk but the results were inconclusive. In the present study, five polymorphisms of HR-associated genes (RAD51, XRCC2 and XRCC3) were genotyped by allelic discrimination assay in 200 OCa cases and 200 healthy individuals. The association with OCa risk was evaluated by unconditional logistic regression analyses. The results revealed that the mutant allele in both rs1801320 (CC) and rs1801321 (TT) of RAD51 gene was associated with increased risk of OCa (odds ratio [OR] 3.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-11.78, p = 0.014 and OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.06-2.45, p = 0.025, respectively). Moreover, a significant association of TT allele (OR 4.68, 95% CI 1.27-17.15, p = 0.011) of rs3218536 of XRCC2 gene with OCa was observed. Stratified analysis results showed that patients with early menarche and stages 3 and 4 were found to be associated with rs1801321 of RAD51 gene and rs1799794 of XRCC3 gene. In silico analysis predicted that the two missense SNPs (rs3218536 and rs1799794) were found to have an impact on the protein structure, stability and function. The present study suggested that RAD51 and XRCC2 gene polymorphisms might have an impact on the OCa risk in the South Indian population. However, studies with a larger sample and on different populations are needed to support the conclusions.
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Toprani SM, Kelkar Mane V. A short review on DNA damage and repair effects in lip cancer. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2021; 14:267-274. [PMID: 33626329 DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing trend in oral cancer (0.6% per year) and its related mortality has been reported worldwide since 2010. The United States alone reports an increase of 57% within the past 10 years. This emphasizes the need not only for designing strategies of prevention and planning but also for an effective treatment regime for the various oral cancers. Cancers of the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, and hard palate have been primarily classified under the category of oral cancers. If left undiagnosed, these cancers can be life threatening. Amongst these, the most undesignated and understudied cancer type is the lip carcinoma, which is either categorized under oral cancer or/as well as skin cancer or head and neck cancer. However, lip cancer corresponds to 25-30% of all diagnosed oral cancers. Though the etiology of lip cancer is not yet fully understood, numerous risk factors involved in its development are now being studied. The cells in the lip region are continuously exposed to various DNA damaging agents from endogenous as well as exogenous sources. Flaws in DNA repair mechanisms involved in eliminating these damages may be linked to the origin of carcinogenesis. Accumulation of DNA damage and defect in repair mechanisms may play a role in lip carcinogenesis and progression. This literature review is an exhaustive compilation of the research work performed on the role of DNA damage and repair responses in lip carcinoma which will pave a path for researchers to identify predictive DNA repair biomarker/s for lip cancer, and its diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneh M Toprani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India; John B Little Center of Radiation Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Varsha Kelkar Mane
- John B Little Center of Radiation Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Genetic Polymorphisms in the RAD51 Gene with a Risk of Head and Neck Cancer and Esophageal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:2789035. [PMID: 31886162 PMCID: PMC6915143 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2789035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of RAD51 gene polymorphisms with the development of head and neck cancer (HNC) and esophageal cancer (EC) remains controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlation between the RAD51 polymorphisms and these two cancers quantitatively. Methods Databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were used to search relevant papers prior to August 17, 2019. STATA 11.0 was performed to observe the correlation. Results Ten relevant papers were enrolled in our analysis. Overall, a significant correlation was observed between the rs1801320 polymorphism and the increased risk of these two cancers (OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.03-1.71 for C vs. G; OR = 1.50, 95%CI = 1.03-2.19 for CG vs. GG; and OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.05-1.99 for CC+CG vs. GG). In subgroup analyses, an increased risk was found for EC (OR = 2.07, 95%CI = 1.01-4.25 for C vs. G; OR = 2.08, 95%CI = 1.17-3.71 for CC vs. GG; and OR = 1.78, 95%CI = 1.00-3.15 for CC vs. CG+GG), but not for HNC. Moreover, our analysis revealed that no statistical evidence of correlation was discovered between the polymorphism of rs1801321 and the increased risk of HNC. However, stratified analysis based on ethnicity suggested that rs1801321 polymorphism was related to the decreased risk of HNC among Caucasians (OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.72-0.95 for T vs. G). Conclusions rs1801320 polymorphism was strongly associated with the risk of these two associated cancers, especially with esophageal cancer. Moreover, our results revealed that rs1801321 polymorphism was correlated to the decreased risk of HNC among Caucasians.
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Smolarz B, Michalska MM, Samulak D, Romanowicz H, Wójcik L. Polymorphism of DNA Repair Genes via Homologous Recombination (HR) in Ovarian Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 25:1607-1614. [PMID: 30712190 PMCID: PMC6815278 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women. The repair system via homologous recombination repairs double-strand breaks (DSB) of DNA, which are the most mortal for cell, out of all DNA damages. The genes, which encode the double-strand break repairing proteins, are highly polymorphic and, taking into account the significance of the repaired defects for cancer development, it seems important to learn the role of the polymorphisms in ovarian cancer development. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between DNA repair genes via homologous recombination (HR) and modulation of the risk of ovarian cancer. The following polymorphisms were analysed: XRCC3-Thr241Met (rs861539), XRCC2--41657C/T (rs718282), XRCC2-Arg188His (rs3218536), BRCA1-Q356R (rs1799950) and RAD51-135 G/C (rs1801320). The study group included 600 patients with ovarian cancer and 600 healthy controls. The PCR-RFLP (PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism) technique was applied for polymorphism analysis. Allele XRCC3-241Met (OR 0.85, 95%CI 0.72-0.99, p < 0.045), XRCC2-41657 T (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.42-1.96, p < .0001), BRCA1-356R (OR 1.61; % CI 1.37-1.90, p < .0001) and RAD51-135C (OR 5.16; 95% CI 4.29-6.20, p < .0001) strongly correlated with the neoplastic disease. No relationship was observed between the studied polymorphisms and the cancer progression stage according to FIGO classification. The results indicate that polymorphisms of DNA repair genes via homologous recombination may be associated with the incidence of ovarian cancer. Further research on larger groups is warranted to determine the influence of above-mentioned genetic variants on ovarian cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Smolarz
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena M. Michalska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Regional Hospital in Kalisz, Kalisz, Poland
- The State Higher Professional School of Stanisław Wojciechowski, Kalisz, Poland
| | - Dariusz Samulak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Regional Hospital in Kalisz, Kalisz, Poland
- The State Higher Professional School of Stanisław Wojciechowski, Kalisz, Poland
| | - Hanna Romanowicz
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Luiza Wójcik
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
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Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of DNA repair genes and modulation of the risk of breast cancer. The following SNPs were analysed: XRCC1-Arg399Gln (rs25487), hMSH2-Gly322Asp (rs4987188), XRCC2-Arg188His (rs3218536), XPD- Lys751Gln (rs13181), RAD51--4719A/T (rs2619679) and RAD51--4601A/G (rs5030789). Material and Methods The study included n = 600 patients: 300 with breast cancer and 300 healthy controls. The HRM (High-Resolution Melter) technique was applied for polymorphism analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each genotype and allele. Results Statistically significant correlations were identified between four single nucleotide polymorphisms and the breast cancer risk: XRCC1-Arg399Gln, hMSH2-Gly322Asp, XPD- Lys751Gln and RAD51--4719A/T. Allele XRCC1-Gln (OR 6.37; 95% CI 4.86-8.35, p < .0001), hMSH2-Asp (OR 4.41; 95% CI 3.43-5.67, p < .0001), XPD -Gln (OR 2.56; 95% CI 2.02-3.25, p < .0001) and RAD51-T genes (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.15-1.80, p = 0.002) strongly correlated with breast carcinoma. No relationship was observed between the studied polymorphisms and the cancer progression grade according to Scarf-Bloom-Richardson classification. Conclusions The results implies that polymorphisms of DNA repair genes may be associated with breast cancer occurrence.
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Zeng X, Zhang Y, Yang L, Xu H, Zhang T, An R, Zhu K. Association between RAD51 135 G/C polymorphism and risk of 3 common gynecological cancers: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11251. [PMID: 29952992 PMCID: PMC6039596 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Available data concerning the association between RAD51 135G/C (rs1801320) polymorphism and the risk of 3 common gynecological cancers still could not reach a consensus. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the relationship. METHODS Several electronic databases and bibliographies of relevant articles were screened to identify the studies up to July 2017. Then a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the connection between 3 common gynecological tumors' susceptibility and RAD51 135G/C polymorphism in different inheritance models. Simultaneously, we did subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis if necessary. RESULTS A total of 11 articles including 14 studies involving 4097 cases and 5890 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, RAD51 135G/C polymorphism increased the risk of 3 common gynecological tumors. The subgroup analysis stratified by cancer types- endometrial carcinoma (EC) and ovarian cancer (OC)-showed that RAD51 135G/C polymorphism increased the risk of EC: allele model (C vs G: odds ratio [OR] = 4.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.63-7.10, P < .00001), dominant model (CC + GC vs GG: OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.44-3.60, P = .004), recessive model (CC vs GC + GG: OR = 10.27, 95% CI = 14.71-22.38, P < .00001), and homozygous model (CC vs GG: OR = 7.26, 95% CI = 3.59-14.68, P < .00001), but there was no significant association between RAD51 135G/C polymorphism and OC. In the subgroup analysis stratified by source of controls, a significantly increased risk was observed in hospital-based studies. Nevertheless, the data showed RAD51 135G/C polymorphism had no link in population-based studies. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggested that RAD51 135G/C polymorphism was a risk factor for the three common gynecological tumors, especially for EC among hospital-based populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianling Zeng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Huiqiu Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Taohong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Ruifang An
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Kexiu Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
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Assessment of DNA repair susceptibility genes identified by whole exome sequencing in head and neck cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 66-67:50-63. [PMID: 29747023 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC), the sixth most common cancer globally, stands second in India. In Northeast (NE) India, it is the sixth most common cause of death in males and seventh in females. Prolonged tobacco and alcohol consumption constitute the major etiological factors for HNC development, which induce DNA damage. Therefore, DNA repair pathway is a crucial system in maintaining genomic integrity and preventing carcinogenesis. The present work was aimed to predict the consequence of significant germline variants of the DNA repair genes in disease predisposition. Whole exome sequencing was performed in Ion Proton™ platform on 15 case-control samples from the HNC-prevalent states of Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland. Variant annotation was done in Ion Reporter™ as well as wANNOVAR. Subsequent statistical and bioinformatics analysis identified significant exonic and intronic variants associated with HNC. Amongst our observed variants, 78.6% occurred in ExAC, 94% reported in dbSNP and 5.8% & 9.3% variants were present in ClinVar and HGMD, respectively. The total variants were dispersed among 199 genes with DSBR and FA pathway being the most mutated pathways. The allelic association test suggested that the intronic variants in HLTF and RAD52 gene significantly associated (P < 0.05) with the risk (OR > 5), while intronic variants in PARP4, RECQL5, EXO1 and PER1 genes and exonic variant in TDP2 gene showed protection (OR < 1) for HNC. MDR analysis proposed the exonic variants in MSH6, BRCA2, PALB2 and TP53 genes and intronic variant in RECQL5 genetic region working together during certain phase of DNA repair mechanism for HNC causation. In addition, other intronic and 3'UTR variations caused modifications in the transcription factor binding sites and miRNA target sites associated with HNC. Large-scale validation in NE Indian population, in-depth structure prediction and subsequent simulation of our recognized polymorphisms is necessary to identify true causal variants related to HNC.
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Rieke DT, Ochsenreither S, Klinghammer K, Seiwert TY, Klauschen F, Tinhofer I, Keilholz U. Methylation of RAD51B, XRCC3 and other homologous recombination genes is associated with expression of immune checkpoints and an inflammatory signature in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, lung and cervix. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75379-75393. [PMID: 27683114 PMCID: PMC5342748 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints are emerging treatment targets, but mechanisms underlying checkpoint expression are poorly understood. Since alterations in DNA repair genes have been connected to the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors, we investigated associations between methylation of DNA repair genes and CTLA4 and CD274 (PD-L1) expression.A list of DNA repair genes (179 genes) was selected from the literature, methylation status and expression of inflammation-associated genes (The Cancer Genome Atlas data) was correlated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), cervical and lung squamous cell carcinoma.A significant positive correlation of the methylation status of 15, 3 and 2 genes with checkpoint expression was identified, respectively. RAD51B methylation was identified in all cancer subtypes. In HNSCC and cervical cancer, there was significant enrichment for homologous recombination genes. Methylation of the candidate genes was also associated with expression of other checkpoints, ligands, MHC- and T-cell associated genes as well as an interferon-inflammatory immune gene signature, predictive for the efficacy of PD-1 inhibition in HNSCC.Homologous recombination deficiency might therefore be mediated by DNA repair gene hypermethylation and linked to an immune-evasive phenotype in SCC. The methylation status of these genes could represent a new predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian T Rieke
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ochsenreither
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konrad Klinghammer
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanguy Y Seiwert
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frederick Klauschen
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inge Tinhofer
- Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ)/German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keilholz
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Association of DNA repair genes polymorphisms and mutations with increased risk of head and neck cancer: a review. Med Oncol 2017; 34:197. [PMID: 29143133 PMCID: PMC5688183 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-1057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA repair mechanisms allow maintain genomic stability and proper functioning within the cells. Any aberrations may cause an increased risk of many diseases such as cancer. The most crucial risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are behavioral factors, predominantly chronic exposure to tobacco, alcohol addiction, and infection with human papillomavirus or Epstein–Barr virus. These agents can induce DNA damage; therefore, cells must activate appropriate mechanisms in order to function correctly. Cancer cells are marked with genomic instability, which is associated with a greater tendency for the accumulation of a DNA damage and increased chemo- and radioresistance. Multiple studies have assessed the correlation of increased head and neck cancer (HNC) risk with polymorphism in the DNA repair genes. However, they suggest that interaction of DNA repair genes mutations with susceptibility to HNC depends on a patient’s race and risk factors, especially tobacco smoking. Further identification of these sequence variations must be performed. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about the DNA repair genes mutations and polymorphisms associated with the high risk of head and neck treatment.
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Wu M, Sheng Z, Jiang L, Liu Z, Bi Y, Shen Y. Overexpression of RAD51B predicts a preferable prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:91471-91480. [PMID: 29207658 PMCID: PMC5710938 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. The majority of patients are diagnosed at an incurable advanced stage with poor prognosis. A recent study associated the methylation of homologous recombination genes with expression of immune checkpoints in lung squamous cell carcinoma. However, the correlation between them remains unclear. In our study, we propose that RAD51B, a repair gene in the homologous recombination process, which is noticed to be a key player in the maintenance of chromosome integrity and in sensing DNA damage, can act as an independent factor affecting the prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Univariate analysis showed that overexpression of RAD51B is statistically significant correlated with better prognosis (P=0.013). Further, the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the morbidity of patients with high expression of RAD51B was decreased by 26% compared to those with low expression (HR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.59-0.93), especially for the patients with squamous cell carcinoma (HR=0.68, 95%CI: 0.51-0.90). In conclusion, RAD51B in mRNA level can be an important indicator to decide the prognosis of NSCLC and its overexpression predicts a preferable prognosis for NSCLC. Our results serve as a foundation for the investigation of the role of RAD51B in NSCLC, which may lead to potential therapeutic innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zufeng Sheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingyan Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengyuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Bi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yueping Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wang X, Luo T, Ruan M, Liu P, Wang S, Zhu W. Association of the CCDC26 rs4295627 polymorphism with the risk of glioma: Evidence from 7,290 cases and 11,630 controls. Mol Clin Oncol 2016; 4:878-882. [PMID: 27123300 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2016.813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Published data on the association between the coiled-coil domain-containing 26 (CCDC26) rs4295627 polymorphism and the risk of glioma have been inconclusive. To further investigate this association, a meta-analysis was performed. By a comprehensive literature search using PubMed and EMBASE databases, a total of 16 case-control studies were identified for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess this association. Our results confirmed that the risk with allele G was higher compared with that with allele T for glioma. The results indicated that the allele G of rs4295627 polymorphism in the CCDC26 gene was associated with increased risk of glioma in the homozygote model (GG vs. TT, OR=1.936, 95 %CI: 1.500-2.658, P<0.001), the heterozygote model (GT vs. TT, OR=1.323, 95% CI: 1.241-1.412, P=0.206), the dominant model (GG+GT vs. TT, OR=1.375, 95% CI: 1.256-1.505, P=0.026), the recessive model (GG vs. GT+TT, OR=1.769, 95% CI: 1.302-2.403, P<0.001) and the allele model (G vs. T, OR=1.310, 95% CI: 1.185-1.448, P<0.001). Current evidence suggests that the rs4295627 polymorphism in the CCDC26 gene may contribute to glioma susceptibility. However, further case-control studies are required to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsheng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Jining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining, Shandong 272037, P.R. China
| | - Tong Luo
- Department of Neurology, Jining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining, Shandong 272037, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Ruan
- Department of Neurology, Jining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining, Shandong 272037, P.R. China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Laiwu Laicheng People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271199, P.R. China
| | - Shiying Wang
- Department of Oncology, Laiwu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Laiwu, Shandong 271199, P.R. China
| | - Wenhao Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Zibo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
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15
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Li F, Wang J, Chen M. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and the risk of laryngeal cancer: A meta-analysis. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 78:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Zafeer M, Mahjabeen I, Kayani MA. Increased expression of ERCC2 gene in head and neck cancer is associated with aggressive tumors: a systematic review and case-control study. Int J Biol Markers 2016; 31:e17-25. [PMID: 26659720 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The excision repair cross-complementation group 2 (ERCC2) ATP-dependent helicase is an essential member of the DNA repair pathway. It has been observed to be differentially expressed in different cancers, which shows its involvement in carcinogenesis. AIM In the present study we have tried to determine the association of expression patterns of this gene with head and neck carcinogenesis. METHOD We first carried out a systematic review of the available studies on the role of ERCC2 in head and neck cancer (HNC). In order to test the hypothesis that the expression patterns of XPD/ERCC2 play a critical role in HNC pathogenesis, we then conducted a population based case-control study on 81 head and neck tumor samples and adjacent normal-tissue control samples. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to assess ERCC2 deregulation at the mRNA level. RESULT Expression analysis showed that the ERCC2 expression level was significantly upregulated (p<0.05) in HNC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, the expression pattern of ERCC2 was correlated with the expression pattern of Ki-67 and a significant correlation (r = 0.230, p<0.03) was observed between ERCC2 and Ki-67. Spearman's correlation also showed a significant correlation between ERCC2 expression and tumor stage (r = 0.271, p<0.02) and grade (r = 0.228, p<0.02) of HNC. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that deregulation of ERCC2 in HNC has the potential to predict a more aggressive cancer phenotype and may be considered a possible biomarker for improved diagnosis and prognosis of HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zafeer
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad - Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad - Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Akhtar Kayani
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Research Group, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad - Pakistan
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17
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Michalska MM, Samulak D, Romanowicz H, Jabłoński F, Smolarz B. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of XRCC2 and XRCC3 homologous recombination repair genes and ovarian cancer in Polish women. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 100:243-7. [PMID: 26801223 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The variability, perceived in DNA repair genes, may be of clinical importance for evaluation of the risk of occurrence of a given type of cancer, its prophylactics and therapy. The aim of the present work was to evaluate associations between the risk of ovarian cancer and polymorphisms in the genes, encoding for two key proteins of homologous recombination: XRCC2 Arg188His (c. 563 G>A; rs3218536) and XRCC3 Thr241Met (c. 722 C>T; rs861539). The study consisted of 700 patients with ovarian cancer and 700 healthy subjects. Analysis of the gene polymorphisms was performed using PCR-RFLP (restriction length fragment polymorphism). We found a statistically significant increase of the 188His allele frequency (OR=4.01; 95% CI=3.40-4.72; p<.0001) of XRCC2 in ovarian cancer compared to healthy controls. There were no differences in the genotype and allele distributions and odds ratios of the XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism between patient and control groups. Association of these genetic polymorphisms with histological grading showed increased XRCC2 188Arg/His (OR=33.0; 95% CI=14.51-75.05; p<.0001) and 188His/His genotypes (OR=9.37; 95% CI=4.79-18.32; p<.0001) and XRCC3 241Thr/Met (OR=24.28; 95% CI=12.38-47.61; p<.0001) and 241Met/Met genotype frequencies (OR=17.00; 95% CI=8.42-34.28; p<.0001) in grading 1 (G1) as well as 188His (OR=2.78; 95% CI=2.11-3.69; p<.0001) and 241Met allele overrepresentation (OR=2.59; 95% CI=2.08-3.22; p<.0001) in G1 ovarian patients. Finally, with clinical FIGO staging under evaluation, an increase in XRCC2 188His/His homozygote and 188Arg/His heterozygote frequencies in staging I (SI) and XRCC3 Thr/Met heterozygote frequencies in SI was observed. The obtained results indicate that XRCC2 Arg188His and XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphisms may be positively associated with the incidence of ovarian carcinoma in the population of Polish women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dariusz Samulak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Regional Hospital in Kalisz, Poland; Cathedral of Mother's and Child's Health, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Hanna Romanowicz
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | - Filip Jabłoński
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Smolarz
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland.
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Polymorphisms of homologous recombination RAD51, RAD51B, XRCC2, and XRCC3 genes and the risk of prostate cancer. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2015; 2015:828646. [PMID: 26339569 PMCID: PMC4538310 DOI: 10.1155/2015/828646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may induce individual variations in DNA repair capacity, which may in turn contribute to the risk of cancer developing. Homologous recombination repair (HRR) plays a critical role in maintaining chromosomal integrity and protecting against carcinogenic factors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between prostate cancer risk and the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes involved in HRR, that is, RAD51 (rs1801320 and rs1801321), RAD51B (rs10483813 and rs3784099), XRCC2 (rs3218536), and XRCC3 (rs861539). Polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP and Real-Time PCR in 101 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma and 216 age- and sex-matched controls. A significant relationship was detected between the RAD51 gene rs1801320 polymorphism and increased prostate cancer risk. Our results indicate that the RAD51 gene rs1801320 polymorphism may contribute to prostate cancer susceptibility in Poland.
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