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Association of xenobiotic-metabolizing genes polymorphisms with cervical cancer risk in the Tunisian population. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:949-959. [PMID: 36376536 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07945-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host genetic characteristics and environmental factors interactions may play a crucial role in cervical carcinogenesis. We investigated the impact of functional genetic variants of four xenobiotic-metabolizing genes (AhR, CYP1A1, GSTM1, and GSTT1) on cervical cancer development in Tunisian women. METHODS The AhR gene polymorphism was analyzed using the tetra-primer ARMS-PCR, whereas the CYP1A1 polymorphism genotypes were identified by PCR-RFLP. A multiplex ligation-dependent polymerase chain reaction approach was applied for the analysis of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms. RESULTS The homozygous A/A genotype of the AhR gene (rs2066853) and the heterozygous T/C genotype of the CYP1A1 SNP (CYP1A1-MspI) appeared to be associated with an increased risk of cervical tumorigenesis (ORa = 2.81; ORa = 5.52, respectively). Furthermore, a significantly increased risk of cervical cancer was associated with the GSTT1 null genotype (ORa = 2.65). However, the null GSTM1 genotype showed any significant association with the risk of cervical cancer compared to the wild genotype (ORa = 1.18; p = 0.784). Considering the combined effect, we noted a significantly higher association with cancer risk for individuals with at least two high-risk genotypes of CYP1A1/GSTT1 (ORa = 4.2), individuals with at least two high-risk genotypes of CYP1A1/GSTT1/AhR (ORa = 11.3) and individuals with at least two high-risk genotypes of CYP1A1/GSTM1/GSTT1/AhR exploitation low-risk genotype as a reference. CONCLUSION This study indicated that the single-gene contribution and the combined effect of xenobiotic-metabolizing gene polymorphisms (AhR, CYP1A1-MspI, GSTM1, and GSTT1) may have a considerable association with increased cervical cancer risk.
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Wu JX, Lau ATY, Xu YM. Indoor Secondary Pollutants Cannot Be Ignored: Third-Hand Smoke. TOXICS 2022; 10:363. [PMID: 35878269 PMCID: PMC9316611 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10070363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Smoking has been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the fifth highest threat to humanity. Smoking, a leading disease promoter, is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases. NCDs account for 63% of all deaths worldwide. Passive smoking is also a health risk. Globally, more than a third of all people are regularly exposed to harmful smoke. Air pollution is a common global problem in which pollutants emitted into the atmosphere undergo a series of physical or chemical reactions to produce various oxidation products, which are often referred to as secondary pollutants. Secondary pollutants include ozone (O3), sulfur trioxide (SO3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and respirable particulate matter (PM). It is worth mentioning that third-hand smoke (THS), formed by the reaction of nicotine with second-hand smoke (SHS) caused by indoor O3 or nitrous acid (HONO), is a major indoor secondary pollutant that cannot be ignored. As a form of indoor air pollution that is relatively difficult to avoid, THS exists in any corner of the environment where smokers live. In this paper, we summarize the important research progress on the main components, detection, and toxicity of THS and look forward to future research directions. Scientific understanding of THS and its hazards will facilitate smoking bans in indoor and public places and raise public concern for how to prevent and remove THS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xun Wu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | | | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Li H, Luo L, Wang D, Duan J, Zhang R. Lack of association between multiple polymorphisms in aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) gene and cancer susceptibility. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:79. [PMID: 33278884 PMCID: PMC7718691 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00907-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is commonly known as an environmental sensor. Polymorphisms in AhR gene have been implicated in susceptibility to cancer. However, the results were controversial. This study was conducted to quantitatively summarize the association between AhR polymorphisms and cancer risk by meta-analysis. METHODS Relevant reports were searched in four databases (Embase, PubMed, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure). We used pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to evaluate the strength of the association in both standard and cumulative meta-analysis. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis was also performed, and between-study heterogeneity and publication bias were checked. RESULTS A total of seventeen studies referring to three AhR polymorphisms (rs2066853, rs7796976, and rs2074113) were identified, and 9557 cases and 10038 controls were included. There was no statistically significant association of AhR rs2066853 polymorphism with cancer risk in the overall population, and the negative results were repeated in subgroup analysis by the ethnicity and cancer type. Concerning AhR rs7796976 or rs2074113 polymorphism, no significant correlation was detected. Moreover, these non-significant findings were stable in sensitivity analysis, and the cumulative meta-analysis indicated a trend of no significant link between this three AhR polymorphisms and cancer risk as more data accumulated over time. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis provides evidence that the rs2066853, rs7796976, or rs2074113 polymorphism in AhR gene is not a susceptible predictor of cancer. Further clinical and functional investigation between AhR polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 76, Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, Yuzhong District, China
| | - Li Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Wound Infection and Drug, Army Medical Center (Daping Hospital), Army Medical University, No. 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Chongqing, 400042, Yuzhong District, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, Yuzhong District, China
| | - Jun Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, Yuzhong District, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, Yuzhong District, China.
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Ahmad S, Arif B, Akram Z, Ahmed MW, Khan AU, Hussain MZ, Rahman F, Kayani MA, Mahjabeen I. Association of intronic polymorphisms (rs1549339, rs13402242) and mRNA expression variations in PSMD1 gene in arsenic-exposed workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:11425-11437. [PMID: 31965495 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07422-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) gene, PSMD1, is an important gene for neutralization of damaged and misfolded protein(s). The current study was designed to study the genetic and expression variations of PSMD1 gene as a consequence of arsenic exposure and its potential implications in arsenic induced diseases. In the present study, 250 blood samples of exposed industrial workers along with 250 controls were used. Initially, tetra amplification refractory mutation system-PCR was used to determine the role of PSMD1 gene polymorphisms (rs1549339, rs13402242) in industrial workers and controls. Frequency of homozygous mutant genotype of rs1549339 (OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.51-3.32, p = 0.0001) and rs13402242 (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.52-5.75, p = 0.001) was observed significantly higher in exposed individuals vs controls. Secondly, qPCR was performed for expression analysis of PSMD1 gene. Significant down-regulated expression of PSMD1 gene (p < 0.0001) was observed vs controls, and this down-regulation was observed more pronounced in smokers (p < 0.0001) with maximum exposure duration (p < 0.0008). This down-regulated expression was observed significantly more pronounced in welding (p < 0.004) and brick kiln industries (p < 0.04) compared to other selected industries. The obtained results suggest that the exposure to arsenic may have an increased risk of developing disease(s) because of arsenic-induced PSMD1 variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqiba Ahmad
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Arif
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zertashia Akram
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Waqar Ahmed
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asad Ullah Khan
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Faisal Rahman
- Federal Govt Education Institution, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Akhtar Kayani
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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He Q, Wang L, Zhang J, Lu F, Gong W, Pan J, Zhong J, Hu R, Yu M. CYP2E1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms, environmental factors, and the susceptibility to lung cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22403. [PMID: 29604112 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationships between the CYP2E1 RsaI polymorphism, GSTM1 polymorphism, and the susceptibility to lung cancer, along with the interactions between environmental factors and these genes. METHODS A case-control study was carried out to explore the independent effect of gene polymorphisms on risk of lung cancer, and the combined effects of gene loci. The stratification analysis of age, sex, smoking, and drinking combined with positive loci was also analyzed, and any interaction was identified. RESULTS The logistic regression analysis showed that there were statistical relationships between the CYP2E1 RsaI TT genotype and lung cancer, GSTM1 (-) and lung cancer. The combined effect's analysis of these 2 loci showed that, with an increase in the number of risk alleles, the risk of lung cancer also increased (supposing 0 risk allele as the reference group). Subjects carrying 3 risk alleles had the highest risk of developing lung cancer with an adjusted OR = 10.38 (95% CI 2.10-51.35). Stratified analysis showed that, in women, nonsmoking subjects, or nondrinking subjects, the combined effects could increase the risk of lung cancer; no heterogeneity was found between these layers except sex. The interaction analysis showed that, supposing the male, GSTM1 (+) genotype as the reference, the female, GSTM1 (-) genotype had a significantly increased risk of lung cancer (OR = 2.17 [1.01-4.70]); when the non-smoking, GSTM1 (+) genotype subjects was the reference group, smoking, GSTM1 (+) genotype subjects and smoking, GSTM1 (-) genotype subjects had significantly higher risk of lung cancer (OR = 2.00 [1.01-3.96], OR = 2.89 [1.28-6.54]). CONCLUSION CYP2E1 RsaI TT genotype was a protective factor against the development of lung cancer, while GSTM1 (-) genotype was a risk factor for lung cancer. Increases in the number of the risk alleles also increased lung cancer risk. GSTM1 (-) genotype, sex, and smoking status might interact in the incidence of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfang He
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Gong
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jieming Zhong
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruying Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Hangzhou, China
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Huang CF, Wang WN, Sun CC, Wang YQ, Li L, Li Y, Li DJ. Echinocystic acid ameliorates hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through regulating NF-κB and CYP1A1. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4174-4180. [PMID: 29104633 PMCID: PMC5658691 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of echinocystic acid (EA) on the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and aortic morphology, in a rat model of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy). A total of 50 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Normal control (NC), model control (MC), vitamin control (VC; folic acid 1 mg/kg + vitamin B2 2 mg/kg + vitamin B12 10u g/kg), EA1 (20 mg/kg EA) and EA2 (40 mg/kg EA). Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels were determined via high performance liquid chromatography, and the morphology of the aorta was investigated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Furthermore, aortic mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB and CYP1A1 were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blotting, respectively. Plasma Hcy levels, and aortic mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB and CYP1A1, were significantly lower in the EA-treated group compared with the MC group (all P<0.05). However, the aortic morphology remained normal, including the endothelial cells of the inner layer, and smooth muscle cells of the media layer and adventitia. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that EA has a protective role on vascular endothelial cells in Hhcy through decreasing plasma Hcy, and thus NF-κB and CYP1A1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Feng Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Cao Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473003, P.R. China
| | - De-Jia Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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GSTM1 and GSTT1 Genes are Associated With DNA Damage of p53 Gene in Coke-oven Workers. J Occup Environ Med 2017; 59:499-501. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kobayashi S, Sata F, Sasaki S, Braimoh TS, Araki A, Miyashita C, Goudarzi H, Kobayashi S, Kishi R. Combined effects of AHR, CYP1A1, and XRCC1 genotypes and prenatal maternal smoking on infant birth size: Biomarker assessment in the Hokkaido Study. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 65:295-306. [PMID: 27592400 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the individual and combined effects of maternal polymorphisms encoding the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR; rs2066853), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 (rs1048963), and the X-ray-complementing gene 1 (XRCC1; rs1799782) and prenatal smoking in relation to infant birth size. METHODS Totally, 3263 participants (1998 non-smokers and 1265 smokers) were included in the study between 2003 and 2007. Two groups of mothers were distinguished by plasma cotinine levels by ELISA measured during the third trimester (cut-off=11.48ng/mL). We conducted data analysis using multiple linear regression models. RESULTS Infants whose mothers smoked and had AHR-GG, CYP1A1-AG/GG, and XRCC1-CT/TT genotypes weighed, -145g less than those born of mothers who did not smoke and had the AHR-GA/AA, CYP1A1-AA, and XRCC1-CC genotypes (95% CI: -241, -50). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy with the combination of AHR, CYP1A1, and XRCC1 polymorphisms had lower birth size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitaka Kobayashi
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sata
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Health Center, Chuo University, 42-8, Ichigaya-Hommura-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8473, Japan
| | - Seiko Sasaki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Titilola Serifat Braimoh
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Atsuko Araki
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Chihiro Miyashita
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Houman Goudarzi
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kobayashi
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
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Zhang JW, Yu WJ, Sheng XM, Chang FH, Bai TY, Lv XL, Wang G, Liu SZ. Association of CYP2E1 and NAT2 polymorphisms with lung cancer susceptibility among Mongolian and Han populations in the Inner Mongolian region. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:9203-10. [PMID: 25422202 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.21.9203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore associations of CYP2E1 and NAT2 polymorphisms with lung cancer susceptibility among Mongolian and Han populations in the Inner Mongolian region. MATERIALS AND METHODS CYP2E1 and NAT2 polymorphisms were detected by PCR-RFLP in 930 lung cancer patients and 1000 controls. RESULTS (1) Disequilibrium of the distribution of NAT2 polymorphism was found in lung cancer patients among Han and Mongolian populations (p=0.031). (2) Lung cancer risk was higher in individuals with c1, D allele of CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI, DraI polymorphisms and slow acetylation of NAT2 (c1 compared with c2, OR=1.382, 95%CI: 1.178- 1.587, p=0.003; D compared with C, OR=1.241, 95%CI: 1.053-1.419, P<0.001; slow acetylation compared with rapid acetylation, OR=1.359, 95%CI:1.042-1.768, p=0.056) (3) Compared with c2/c2 and rapid acetylation, c1/c1 together with slow acetylation synergetically increased risk of lung cancer 2.83 fold. (4) Smokers with CYP2E1 c1/c1, DD, and NAT2 slow acetylation have 2.365, 1.916, 1.841 fold lung cancer risk than others with c2/c2, CC and NAT2 rapid acetylation, respectively. (5) Han smokers with NAT2 slow acetylation have 1.974 fold lung cancer risk than others with rapid acetylation. CONCLUSIONS Disequilibrium distribution of NAT2 polymorphism was found in lung cancer patients among Han and Mongolian populations. Besides, Han smokers with NAT2 slow acetylation may have higher lung cancer risk compared with rapid acetylation couterparts. CYP2E1 c1/ c1, DD and NAT2 slow acetylation, especially combined with smoking, contributes to the development of lung cancer. CYP2E1 c1/c1 or DD genotype and NAT2 slow acetylation have strong synergistic action in increasing lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Pharmaceutical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China E-mail :
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Mansoori AA, Jain SK. Molecular Links between Alcohol and Tobacco Induced DNA Damage, Gene Polymorphisms and Patho-physiological Consequences: A Systematic Review of Hepatic Carcinogenesis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:4803-12. [PMID: 26163595 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.12.4803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol and tobacco abuse plays a crucial role in the development of different liver associated disorders. Intake promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species within hepatic cells exposing their DNA to continuous oxidative stress which finally leads to DNA damage. However in response to such damage an entangled protective repair machinery comprising different repair proteins like ATM, ATR, H2AX, MRN complex becomes activated. Under abnormal conditions the excessive reactive oxygen species generation results in genetic predisposition of various genes (as ADH, ALDH, CYP2E1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and GSTM1) involved in xenobiotic metabolic pathways, associated with susceptibility to different liver related diseases such as fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is increasing evidence that the inflammatory process is inherently associated with many different cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinomas. The generated reactive oxygen species can also activate or repress epigenetic elements such as chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNAs (micro-RNAs), DNA (de) methylation and histone modification that affect gene expression, hence leading to various disorders. The present review provides comprehensive knowledge of different molecular mechanisms involved in gene polymorphism and their possible association with alcohol and tobacco consumption. The article also showcases the necessity of identifying novel diagnostic biomarkers for early cancer risk assessment among alcohol and tobacco users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Anvesh Mansoori
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, Sagar, M.P. India E-mail :
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