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Sadafi S, Choubsaz P, Kazemeini SMM, Imani MM, Sadeghi M. Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) deletion polymorphism and susceptibility to head and neck carcinoma: a systematic review with five analyses. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:885. [PMID: 39039477 PMCID: PMC11264357 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12618-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) enzyme plays a key role in the neutralization of electrophilic compounds such as carcinogens. Herein, we aimed to evaluate GSTT1 deletion polymorphism and susceptibility to head and neck carcinoma (HNC) according to 107 articles in a systematic review with five analyses. The databases of PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from the beginning of each database until June 21, 2023, with no restrictions to identify pertinent articles. The RevMan 5.3 software was used to calculate the effect sizes, which were displayed as the odds ratio (OR) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Both the publication bias and sensitivity analyses were performed using the CMA 3.0 software. A trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted. Of the 1966 records retrieved from four databases, 107 articles were included in the analysis. The combined analysis revealed that the pooled OR was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.14 to 1.44; p-value < 0.0001). The pooled OR was highest in mixed ethnicity. Nasopharyngeal cancer had the highest OR (1.84), followed by oral cancer (OR = 1.20), and laryngeal cancer (OR = 1.17). Studies with less than 200 samples had a higher OR compared to those with 200 or more samples. The studies with a quality score of 7 or more had a higher OR compared to those with a score of less than 7. When both age and sex are considered, while the OR of 1.42 is significant, the high heterogeneity suggests caution in interpreting these results. There is no evidence of publication bias. TSA reported that the study does not have sufficient statistical power. This comprehensive meta-analysis revealed a significant association between the GSTT1 null genotype and an increased risk of HNC, with variations based on factors such as ethnicity, cancer type, sample size, control source, and quality score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Sadafi
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parsia Choubsaz
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Moslem Imani
- Department of Orthodontics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Masoud Sadeghi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Pérez-Sayáns M, Chamorro-Petronacci CM, Bravo SB, Padín-Iruegas ME, Guitián-Fernández E, Barros-Angueira F, Quintas-Rey R, García-García A. Genetic linkage analysis of head and neck cancer in a Spanish family. Oral Dis 2024; 30:1032-1039. [PMID: 37026679 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the genetic variants that may be associated with the development of head and neck cancer (HNC) and functionally validating the molecular implications. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective observational study was carried out on a family of 3 generations in which 3 members had developed HNC. Peripheral blood sample was taken in a routine procedure for exome sequencing in one relative and genotyping in the remaining twelve relatives. For the functional analysis all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) was extracted from saliva and serum and measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The presence of HPV-DNA. RESULTS None of the patients smoked or consumed alcohol. The presence of HPV DNA was not detected in any of the biopsied samples. A total amount of 6 members out of 13 (46.15%) carried out the same mutation of CYP26B1 (2p13.2; G>T). The mean plasma concentration of atRA was 3.3109 ± 1.4791 pg/mL for the study family and 4.7370 ± 1.5992 pg/mL for the controls (p = 0.042). CONCLUSION Lower levels of atRA were confirmed in the study family, which may open the way to the possible relationship between the polymorphism CYP26B1 (2p13.2; G>T) and HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pérez-Sayáns
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Institute of Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cintia M Chamorro-Petronacci
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Institute of Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana B Bravo
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María E Padín-Iruegas
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Human Anatomy and Embryology Area, Vigo University, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Esteban Guitián-Fernández
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Barros-Angueira
- Molecular Medicine Unit - Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Consultation Building, Floor -2, University Hospital Complex of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rita Quintas-Rey
- Molecular Medicine Unit - Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Consultation Building, Floor -2, University Hospital Complex of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Abel García-García
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Institute of Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Khan MF, Hayhoe RP, Kabir R. Exploring the Risk Factors for Oral Cancer in Pakistan: A Systematic Literature Review. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:25. [PMID: 38392229 PMCID: PMC10887545 DOI: 10.3390/dj12020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer is one of the major public health issues in Pakistan and is the second most common malignancy in the country. This is mainly attributed to the widespread use of smokeless tobacco products, cigarettes, and paan without tobacco. This review aims to go beyond commonly discussed factors and, consequently, to provide a comprehensive picture of all the multi-faceted contributors to the high prevalence of the carcinoma of the oral cavity, including the role of human papillomavirus and genetic predisposition. The aim is to synthesise all available evidence on the predisposing factors of oral carcinoma in Pakistan. METHODS This is a comprehensive systematic review of all observational studies investigating the contributing factors of malignancy of the oral cavity in Pakistan, and it strictly follows the PRISMA guidelines. Multiple databases, such as PubMed, EBSCO CINAHL Plus, SCOPUS, and Ovid Medline, were used to find studies, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was searched for existing/ongoing reviews carried out on the same topic. A meta-synthesis of selected studies was carried out to create robust and statistically valid conclusions. RESULTS ST and cigarette smoking were found to be the major contributors to the burden of carcinoma of the lip and oral cavity. The included studies indicated that genetic predisposition and human papillomavirus could be major risk factors for the disease in the Pakistani population, but not enough research has been carried out to find their true impact. CONCLUSIONS Smokeless tobacco, cigarette smoking, genetic predisposition, and human papillomavirus can be considered significant risk factors for oral cancer in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Feroz Khan
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM11SQ, UK
| | - Richard P Hayhoe
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM11SQ, UK
| | - Russell Kabir
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM11SQ, UK
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Badar F, Sohaib M, Mahmood S, Chughtai OR, Sultan F, Yusuf MA. Cancer incidence in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, 2020. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1785. [PMID: 37710250 PMCID: PMC10500738 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To present the population-based cancer statistics for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan, an incidence study was conducted at the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH&RC) in Lahore, Pakistan, in 2023. METHODS Records from various centres on new cancers diagnosed among residents of KP between January and December 2020 were gathered. Both active and passive methods of data collection were applied, and the information was saved in a central repository at SKMCH&RC. The incidence rates were computed by age group and sex and presented per 100,000 population. RESULTS Among children (0-14 years), the Age-Standardised Incidence Rate (ASIR) was 4.0 in girls and 6.1 in boys, and haematologic malignancies were more prevalent; in adolescents (15-19 years), the ASIR was 7.7 in females, 9.4 in males, and bone tumours, haematologic malignancies, and neurological cancers were prominent; in adult females (> / = 20 years), the ASIR was 84.9, and cancers of the breast, digestive system, and reproductive organs were predominant; and adult males, the ASIR was 73.0, and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, lip/oral cavity/pharynx, prostate, and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) were common. CONCLUSIONS It is crucial to investigate the aetiology of these diseases at the community level because dietary elements, infectious diseases, and tobacco use all appear to be significant contributors. Prospective studies could play a key role in highlighting the factors linked to these diseases. Therefore, cancer registration must continue in conjunction with the exploration of risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Badar
- Cancer Registry and Clinical Data Management, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, 7-A, Block R-3, M. A. Johar Town, Lahore, 54782, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Sohaib
- Nuclear Medicine & Oncology Division, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mahmood
- Cancer Registry and Clinical Data Management, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, 7-A, Block R-3, M. A. Johar Town, Lahore, 54782, Pakistan
| | | | - Faisal Sultan
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
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Bandeira CM, Almeida AÁ, Alves MGO, Pascoal MBN, Chagas JFS, Neto MB, de Barros PP, Nunes FD, Carta CFL, Almeida JD. The Fagerström and AUDIT Tests as Probable Screening Tools in Oral Cancer and Their Correlation with CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 Gene Expression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3991. [PMID: 35409669 PMCID: PMC8997590 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is currently a major public health problem worldwide, with a marked increase of about 70% in the number of expected diagnosed cases over the next two decades. The amount of tobacco and alcohol consumed is calculated based on the subjective information provided by the user. Tobacco exposure can be assessed using the Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) and alcohol consumption by the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight subjects answered the Fagerström, and AUDIT tests and we studied them as likely screening tools for oral cancer and their correlation with the expression of CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 genes by the RT-qPCR method. RESULTS There were significant differences in the AUDIT score and CYP1A1 expression between cancer and control groups. Participants in advanced stages, whether due to tumor size or regional metastasis, showed significant differences in the duration of tobacco use, FTCD, AUDIT score, and CYP1A1 expression when compared to patients in early stages. Among subjects without cancer, we found a significant correlation between participant age and GSTP1 expression. Furthermore, the expression of GSTP1 was significantly correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, duration of tobacco use, and FTCD. CONCLUSIONS Questionnaires designed to evaluate the degree of tobacco and alcohol exposure and dependence combined with gene expression tests can be useful to assess the risk of developing oral cancer. Furthermore, raising the awareness of individuals regarding their degree of dependence and encouraging them to participate in cessation programs are important educational measures for the prevention of tobacco-related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Muller Bandeira
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (A.Á.A.); (P.P.d.B.); (C.F.L.C.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de São José dos Campos—Humanitas, São José dos Campos 12220-061, Brazil
| | - Adriana Ávila Almeida
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (A.Á.A.); (P.P.d.B.); (C.F.L.C.)
| | - Mônica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves
- School of Medicine, Anhembi Morumbi University, São José dos Campos 12230-002, Brazil;
- Technology Research Center (NPT), Universidade Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes 08780-911, Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz Nogueira Pascoal
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, São Leopoldo Mandic College, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil; (M.B.N.P.); (J.F.S.C.)
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Municipal Doutor Mário Gatti, Campinas 13036-902, Brazil
| | - José Francisco Sales Chagas
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, São Leopoldo Mandic College, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil; (M.B.N.P.); (J.F.S.C.)
| | - Morun Bernardino Neto
- Department of Basic Sciences and Environment, São Paulo University, São Paulo 12602-810, Brazil;
| | - Patrícia Pimentel de Barros
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (A.Á.A.); (P.P.d.B.); (C.F.L.C.)
| | - Fábio Daumas Nunes
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo University, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Celina Faig Lima Carta
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (A.Á.A.); (P.P.d.B.); (C.F.L.C.)
| | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (A.Á.A.); (P.P.d.B.); (C.F.L.C.)
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Muhammad Mohiuddin Alamgir, Jamal Q, Mirza T. Gene-gene and gene-environment interaction: an important predictor of oral cancer among smokeless tobacco users in Karachi. J PAK MED ASSOC 2022; 72:477-482. [DOI: 10.47391/jpma.1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the risk for oral cancer caused by simultaneous occurrence of more than one of the tested cytochrome P450 1A1MspI, glutathione S-transferaseM1 null gnd Glutathione S-transferasesT1 null gene polymorphisms.
Method: The cross-sectional case-control study was conducted from December 2011 to October 2016 at the Ziauddin University, Karachi, in collaboration with Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, and comprised oral squamous cell carcinoma cases in group A and healthy tobacco habit-matched controls in group B. All investigations were done using standardised laboratory protocols. The outcomes were determined in terms of association of various combinations of cytochrome P450 1A1MspI, glutathione S-transferasesM1 null and glutathione S-transferases T1 null polymorphisms with oral cancer. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.
Results: Of the 238 subjects, 140(58.8%) were in group A and 98(41.2%) were in group B. Mean ages in group A and B were 47.1±12.22 and 41.6±14.58 years, respectively. Male/Female ratio in group A was 1.88:1 while 83.4% were using tobacco. When cytochrome P450 1A1MspI homozygous (m2/m2) and glutathione S-transferasesM1 null variants occured simultaneously in an individual, an odds ratio of 12.8 (95% confidence interval: 1.20-135.5; p=0.03) among overall tobacco chewers was observed. For glutathione S-transferasesM1 not null and glutathione S-transferasesT1 null variant combination among overall tobacco users, the conferred odds ratio was 4.58 (95% confidence interval: 0.99-21.2; p=0.05). The other studied gene combinations did not reveal significant associations (p>0.05).
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Mohammadi H, Momeni Roochi M, Rezaei F, Garajei A, Heidar H, Ghaderi B, Sadeghi M. Association between the CYP1A1 MspI polymorphism and risk of head and neck cancer: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1527. [PMID: 35087125 PMCID: PMC8795428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05274-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The studies recommended the relationship between lots of polymorphisms with the head and neck cancers (HNCs) risk. Herein, we reported the association between the CYP1A1 MspI polymorphism and the risk of HNC in an updated meta-analysis. The PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases were searched until March 31, 2021, without any restrictions. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to assess a relationship between CYP1A1 MspI polymorphism and the HNC risk based on five applied genetic models by RevMan 5.3 software. Other analyses (sensitivity analysis, meta-regression, and bias analysis) were performed by CMA 2.0 software. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was done by TSA software (version 0.9.5.10 beta). Among the databases and other sources, 501 recorded were identified that at last, 29 studies were obtained for the analysis. The pooled ORs were 1.28 (95%CI 1.09, 1.51; P = 0.003), 1.68 (95%CI 1.16, 2.45; P = 0.007), 1.24 (95%CI 1.03, 1.50; P = 0.02), 1.26 (95%CI 1.07, 1.48; P = 0.005), and 1.66 (95%CI 1.27, 2.16; P = 0.0002) for allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, recessive, and dominant models, respectively. Therefore, the m2 allele and m1/m2 and m2/m2 genotypes had significantly increased risks in HNC patients. With regards to stable results and enough samples, the findings of the present meta-analysis recommended that there was an association between CYP1A1 MspI polymorphism and the HNC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hady Mohammadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fellowship in Maxillofacial Trauma, Health Services, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, 6617713446, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Momeni Roochi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fellowship in Maxillofacial Trauma, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1439955991, Iran
| | - Farzad Rezaei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6713954658, Iran
| | - Ata Garajei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology and Reconstructive Surgery, The Cancer Institute, Scholl of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1439955991, Iran
| | - Hosein Heidar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fellowship in Maxillofacial Trauma, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1439955991, Iran
| | - Bayazid Ghaderi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer and Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, 6617913446, Iran
| | - Masoud Sadeghi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran.
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Ajaz S, Zaidi SEZ, Ali SM, Siddiqa A, Memon MA, Firasat S, Abid A, Khaliq S. Absence of Glutathione S-Transferase Theta 1 Gene Is Significantly Associated With Breast Cancer Susceptibility in Pakistani Population and Poor Overall Survival in Breast Cancer Patients: A Case-Control and Case Series Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:678705. [PMID: 34938652 PMCID: PMC8685396 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.678705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Deletion of Glutathione S-Transferase Theta 1 (GSTT1) encoding gene is implicated in breast cancer susceptibility, clinical outcomes, and survival. Contradictory results have been reported in different studies. The present investigation based on a representative Pakistani population evaluated the GSTT1-absent genotype in breast cancer risk and prognosis. Methods A prospective study comprising case-control analysis and case series analysis components was designed. Peripheral blood samples were collected from enrolled participants. After DNA extraction, GSTT1 genotyping was carried out by a multiplex PCR with β-globin as an amplification control. Association evaluation of GSTT1 genotypes with breast cancer risk, specific tumor characteristics, and survival were the primary endpoints. Results A total of 264 participants were enrolled in the molecular investigation (3 institutions). The study included 121 primary breast cancer patients as cases and 143 age-matched female subjects, with no history of any cancer, as controls. A significant genetic association between GSTT1-absent genotype and breast cancer susceptibility (p-value: 0.03; OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.08-4.29) was reported. The case-series analysis showed lack of association of GSTT1 genotypes with menopause (p-value: 0.86), tumor stage (p-value: 0.12), grade (p-value: 0.32), and size (p-value: 0.07). The survival analysis revealed that GSTT1-absent genotype cases had a statistically significant shorter overall survival (OS) than those with the GSTT1-present genotype cases (mean OS: 23 months vs 33 months). The HR (95% CI) for OS in patients carrying GSTT1-absent genotype was 8.13 (2.91-22.96) when compared with the GSTT1-present genotype. Conclusions The present study is the first report of an independent significant genetic association between GSTT1-absent genotype and breast cancer susceptibility in a Pakistani population. It is also the foremost report of the association of this genotype with OS in breast cancer cases. Upon further validation, GSTT1 variation may serve as a marker for devising better population-specific strategies. The information may have translational implications in the screening and treatment of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Ajaz
- Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sani-E-Zehra Zaidi
- Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saleema Mehboob Ali
- Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Siddiqa
- Atomic Energy Medical Centre (AEMC), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Memon
- Atomic Energy Medical Centre (AEMC), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Firasat
- Centre for Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aiysha Abid
- Atomic Energy Medical Centre (AEMC), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Khaliq
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Abstract
Oral cancer ranks first among males and is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths in Pakistan. We studied the epidemiology and risk factors associated with this cancer. The main risk factors in the Pakistani population include the usage of chewable and non-chewable tobacco, areca nut, betel leaf, poor dental hygiene practices, oncogenic viral infections, and genetic predispositions. The impact of socioeconomic status and the available health resources on the management of oral cancer is also discussed. It is concluded that being a low-middle economy efforts should be primarily focused on awareness for early screening, diagnosis, and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Malkani
- Department of Zoology, GC University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sara Kazmi
- Department of Zoology, GC University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Rashid
- Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH&RC), Lahore, Pakistan
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Saravani S, Miri-Moghaddam M, Bazi A, Miri-Moghaddam E. Association of Glutathione-S-Transferases M1 and T1 Deletional Variants with Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Study in the South-East of Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1921-1926. [PMID: 31244319 PMCID: PMC7021601 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.6.1921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The role of genetic polymorphisms in genes of Glutathione-S-transferases (GST) enzymes in susceptibility to oral cavity cancers is controversial. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral cavity neoplasm. Aimed to evaluate the potential impacts of two well-known null variants residing in the gene encoding GSTM1 and GSTT1 enzymes of OSCC patients in the southeast of Iran. Methods: In a case-control design, 113 individuals (50 OSCC patients, and 63 healthy subjects) were included. DNA was extracted using paraffin-embedded tissues. GST genotyping was carried out using multiplex PCR. Results: In 113 participants, 41 (36.3%) and 72 (63.7%) were males and females respectively. No significant difference was recognized for distribution of GSTM1 (P=0.11) and GSTT1 (P=0.28) null genotypes between OSCC patients (58%, and 24% respectively) and healthy controls (42.9% and 15.9% respectively). Also, no significant difference was noted regarding the frequency of GSTM1 null genotype in different histological grades, however, those patients with more aggressive disease (poorly differentiated or grade III) revealed with a significantly higher ratio (66.7%) of GSTT1 null genotype (P=0.002). The highest odds ratio for OSCC was related to combined null genotypes for GSTM1 and GSTT1 (OR=2.5, 95% CI: 0.7-9.2), however, this was not statistically significant finding (P=0.15). Conclusion: Null genotypes polymorphisms were more common in OSCC than healthy individuals. GSTT1 null genotype may be an important genetic factor in the progression of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Saravani
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Masoud Miri-Moghaddam
- Students Scientific Research Center, School of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ali Bazi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Amir-Al-Momenin Hospital, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Miri-Moghaddam
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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Hussain T, Alrokayan S, Upasna U, Pavithrakumari M, Jayapriya J, Kutala VK, Naushad SM. Meta-analysis of genetic polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and their association with breast cancer risk. J Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-018-0946-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Shaghayegh G, Alabsi AM, Ali-Saeed R, Ali AM, Vincent-Chong VK, Ismail NH, Choon YF, Zain RB. Effects of Damnacanthal and Nordamnacanthal on Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Migration of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:3333-3341. [PMID: 29286228 PMCID: PMC5980892 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.12.3333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death in the developed world, with one-third of people diagnosed with cancer during their lifetime. Oral cancer commonly occurs involving the buccal mucosa (cheeks), tongue, floor of the mouth and lip. It is one of the most devastating and disfiguring of malignancies. Morinda citrifolia L., commonly known as ‘noni’, belongs to the Rubiaceae family. It is native to the Pacific islands, Hawaii, Caribbean, Asia and Australia. The plant displays broad curative effects in pharmacological studies. Damnacanthal (DAM) and Nordamnacanthal (NDAM), anthraquinone compounds isolated from the roots of Morinda citrifolia L., has been used for the treatment of several chronic diseases including cancer. The objectives of this study were to evaluate cytotoxicity, morphological changes, cell death mode (apoptosis/necrosis), and cell migration induced by DAM and NDAM on the most common type of oral cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)cells. Anti-proliferative effects of these compounds against OSCC cell lines were determined by MTT assay. The mode of cell death was analysed by phase contrast and fluorescent microscopy as well as flow cytometry. In addition, cell migration was assessed. The results showed that DAM and NDAM exerted cytotoxicity against OSCC cells with IC50 values of 1.9 to >30 μg/ml after 72 h treatment. Maximum growth inhibition among the tested cell lines for both compounds was observed in H400 cells, and thus it was selected for further study. The study demonstrated inhibition of H400 OSCC cell proliferation, marked apoptotic morphological changes, induction of early apoptosis, and inhibition of cell migration by DAM and NDAM. Therefore, this information suggests that these compounds from noni have potential for used as anti tumor agents for oral cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gohar Shaghayegh
- Department of Oral and craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Natphopsuk S, Settheetham-Ishida W, Phuthong S, Ishida T. Preliminary Study of the GSTM1 Null Polymorphism and History of Tobacco Smoking among Oral Cancer Patients in Northeastern Thailand. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:739-42. [PMID: 26925672 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.2.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Risks with GSTM1 genotypes and potential roles of smoking in the susceptibility to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were studied in Northeastern Thailand. Study subjects were 79 histologically-confirmed OSCC cases (31 men, 48 women) and 79 age- and sex-matched healthy controls ranging in age from 25 to 84 years. GSTM1 genotyping was achieved by two independent PCR assays. The GSTM1 null allele and the homozygous genotype did not increase risk of OSCC vs the wild type allele and the remaining genotypes. When the focus was on the smoking habit, male subjects who smoked ≥10 or ≥35 years were at significantly increased risk for OSCC with adjusted ORs of 4.88 [95%CI, 1.41-16.87, p=0.012] or 4.94 [95%CI, 1.62-15.12, p=0.005], respectively. A higher risk for OSCC was found for smoking amount; those who smoked >5 or >10 pack-years were at a higher risk with adjusted OR of 4.46 [95%CI; 1.45-13.74, p=0.009] or 3.89 [95%CI; 1.34-11.28, p=0.012], respectively. There are certain smoking patterns that give greater risks and thus both smoking duration and pack-years should be taken into consideration in tobacco related cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitakan Natphopsuk
- Department of Physiology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand E-mail :
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