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Pizzi JF, Carrada CF, Zeferino MVDS, Doriguêtto PVT, Abreu LG, Scalioni FAR, Devito KL, Ribeiro RA. Overweight/obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Braz Oral Res 2024; 38:e015. [PMID: 38477801 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to assess the association between overweight/obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents. Searches were performed in the Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed, Embase and SciELO, Lilacs and Open Grey literature databases up to June 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies, the checklist for cohort studies, and the checklist for case-control studies were used. A total of 41 publications were included, and 15 meta-analyses were performed. The authors analyzed the differences in weighted mean difference (MD) and odds ratios (OR), and their corresponding confidence intervals (CI) (95%) for dental caries among eutrophic and obese and/or overweight children/adolescents. Meta-analyses showed that there was no association between overweight and/or obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents for most anthropometric reference curves using BMI (Body Mass Index). A greater experience of dental caries was associated with well-nourished adolescents in permanent dentition, compared with obese individuals in the same dentition, as classified by the CDC 2000 curve (OR = 2.53, 95% CI;1.49-4.29; p = 0.0006; I2 = 0%) in dichotomous outcome studies, and (MD = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.08-1.15; p = 0.02; I2 = 0%) in continuous studies. The strength of the evidence of the results was classified as very low, low or moderate. It was concluded that there is no association between overweight and/or obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents for most anthropometric reference curves using BMI. A greater experience of dental caries was associated with well-nourished adolescents in permanent dentition, compared with obese individuals in the same dentition, as classified by the CDC 2000 curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Faria Pizzi
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, School of Dentistry, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Camila Faria Carrada
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde - Suprema, School of Dentistry, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Schoool of Dentistry, Department of Oral Health for Children and Adolescents, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávia Almeida Ribeiro Scalioni
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, School of Dentistry, Department of Social and Paediatric Dentistry; Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Karina Lopes Devito
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, School of Dentristry, Department of Dental Clinic, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Almeida Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, School of Dentistry, Department of Social and Paediatric Dentistry; Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Cândido ACDO, Neves FS, Fontes VS, Melo AST, de Faria ER, Netto MP, Oliveira RMS, Machado-Coelho GLL, Cândido APC. Frequency of breakfast consumption and its associations with food consumption by degree of industrial processing and with indicators of overweight in Brazilian adolescents (EVA-JF Study). Nutrition 2024; 117:112226. [PMID: 37897985 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of breakfast consumption and estimate its associations with the consumption of food at different degrees of industrial processing and with overweight indicators in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved a probabilistic sample of 14- to 19-y-old adolescents enrolled in 29 public schools in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, MG, Southeast Brazil (n = 805). The frequency of breakfast consumption was evaluated via a questionnaire (classified into "do not consume", "sometimes consume", and "regularly consume"). The evaluation of food consumption involved two 24-h dietary recalls, the items of which were analyzed according to the NOVA classification system. Overweight indicators (waist circumference, body mass index for age (BMI-for-age), and body fat percentage) were evaluated according to a standard protocol. Linear regression models were performed, first without and then with adjustments for sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS We found that 20% of adolescents skipped breakfast, and ∼46% of the caloric intake came from ultra-processed foods. Breakfast omission was associated with a mean increase of 3.02% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52-5.53) in energy intake from ultra-processed foods, in addition to a mean increase of 0.28 z-score (95% CI, 0.05- 0.52) of BMI-for-age and of 1.64% (95% CI, 0.21-3.08) in body fat. CONCLUSIONS We verified that the omission of breakfast was associated with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods, as well as a higher BMI-for-age and higher percentage of body fat, reinforcing the importance of actions to encourage the consumption of this meal and the adoption of healthy eating practices in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainoã Cristina de Oliveira Cândido
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Silva Neves
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; General Coordination for Surveillance of Noncommunicable Diseases and Injuries - CGDANT, Department of Epidemiological Analysis and Surveillance of Noncommunicable Diseases - DAENT, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance - SVSA, Ministry of Health - MS, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Sequeira Fontes
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Adriana Soares Torres Melo
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliane Rodrigues de Faria
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Michele Pereira Netto
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Maria Souza Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Carlos Cândido
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Alves RL, Toral N, Gonçalves VSS. Individual and Socioeconomic Contextual Factors Associated with Obesity in Brazilian Adolescents: VigiNUTRI Brasil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:430. [PMID: 36612753 PMCID: PMC9819061 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the association of socioeconomic contextual factors of the municipality of residence of adolescents, their eating behavior and food consumption with the prevalence of obesity. This was a cross-sectional study, based on individual data regarding anthropometry, eating behavior (eating in front of screens and having at least three main meals a day), and markers of healthy and unhealthy eating of 23,509 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, participating in the Food and Nutrition Surveillance of the Brazilian Population monitored in Primary Health Care (VigiNUTRI Brasil) assessment in 2018. Based on multilevel Poisson regression, a higher prevalence of obesity was observed among adolescents living in municipalities with per capita income above USD209.68 (PR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.05;1.42) and among those who consumed hamburgers and/or processed meats the previous day (PR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.01;1.17). Adolescents who had the habit of having three main meals a day (PR = 0.81; 95% CI 0.73;0.89 p < 0.05) and who consumed fresh fruit the previous day (PR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.84;0.98 p < 0.001) had lower prevalence of obesity. The results reinforce the influence of the social context and food consumption on obesity rates. The persistence of this situation implies a worsening in the current and future health of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella Lemos Alves
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Natacha Toral
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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Ribeiro GJS, de Araújo Pinto A. Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods in Brazilian Children: An Analysis of Regional Trends. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 61:e106-e111. [PMID: 34340893 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Childhood obesity has become a concern for the Brazilian Unified Health System, which has recently started to investigate children's eating habits in basic health units. This study examined the trends and ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption in Brazilian children. DESIGN AND METHODS This repeated cross-sectional study included 492,630 children (2-9 years old), from different Brazilian regions, in the years 2015 and 2019. The children's food consumption was assessed by nurses using a nationally standardized instrument. Information was provided by the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System Brazilian. RESULTS The UPF consumption in Brazilian children is generally high and was higher among children in the South and Midwest regions. The consumption of sweetened beverages was more prevalent among all the UPF assessed and continues to increase among children in the Northeast region. Declining trends in UPF consumption were observed in children from all regions, except for the Northeast region, whose trends increased in almost all evaluated foods. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses, especially, have a primary role in guiding the reduction of UPF consumption, as they are the first health professionals to have access to this information. Increasing trends in UPF consumption can be mitigated by the inclusion of nutritionists in basic health units. Brazilian children need to be assisted by public policies that promote food education.
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