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Busbee PB, Bam M, Yang X, Abdulla OA, Zhou J, Ginsberg JPJ, Aiello AE, Uddin M, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti PS. Dysregulated TP53 Among PTSD Patients Leads to Downregulation of miRNA let-7a and Promotes an Inflammatory Th17 Phenotype. Front Immunol 2022; 12:815840. [PMID: 35058939 PMCID: PMC8763839 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.815840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder and patients diagnosed with PTSD often express other comorbid health issues, particularly autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Our previous reports investigating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PTSD patients showed that these patients exhibit an increased inflammatory T helper (Th) cell phenotype and widespread downregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), key molecules involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. A combination of analyzing prior datasets on gene and miRNA expression of PBMCs from PTSD and Control samples, as well as experiments using primary PBMCs collected from human PTSD and Controls blood, was used to evaluate TP53 expression, DNA methylation, and miRNA modulation on Th17 development. In the current report, we note several downregulated miRNAs were linked to tumor protein 53 (TP53), also known as p53. Expression data from PBMCs revealed that compared to Controls, PTSD patients exhibited decreased TP53 which correlated with an increased inflammatory Th17 phenotype. Decreased expression of TP53 in the PTSD population was shown to be associated with an increase in DNA methylation in the TP53 promotor region. Lastly, the most significantly downregulated TP53-associated miRNA, let-7a, was shown to negatively regulate Th17 T cells. Let-7a modulation in activated CD4+ T cells was shown to influence Th17 development and function, via alterations in IL-6 and IL-17 production, respectively. Collectively, these studies reveal that PTSD patients could be susceptible to inflammation by epigenetic dysregulation of TP53, which alters the miRNA profile to favor a proinflammatory Th17 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip B Busbee
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Marpe Bam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Osama A Abdulla
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Juhua Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Jay Paul Jack Ginsberg
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.,Departments of Psychophysiology, Clinical Psychology, and Research Office, Saybrook University, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Allison E Aiello
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina (UNC) Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Mcgavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Monica Uddin
- Genomics Program, University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Prakash S Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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2
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Bolha L, Hočevar A, Suljič A, Jurčić V. Inflammatory Cell Composition and Immune-Related microRNA Signature of Temporal Artery Biopsies From Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:791099. [PMID: 35003111 PMCID: PMC8733475 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess distinct immune cell subsets comprising inflammatory infiltrate in temporal artery biopsies (TABs) from patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA), and to link the obtained histopathological data with expression profiles of immune-related microRNAs (miRNAs). Methods The study included 68 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded TABs from treatment-naïve patients, including 30 histologically positive GCA and 16 negative GCA TABs, and 22 control non-GCA TABs. Quantitative assessment of histological parameters was performed using histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques. miRNA expression analysis was performed by quantitative real-time PCR. Results Intense transmural mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates in TAB-positive GCA arteries were predominantly composed of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, and CD68+ macrophages, accompanied by a strong nuclear overexpression of the nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATC) in the lymphocyte infiltrate fraction. Furthermore, TAB-positive GCA arteries were characterized by significant overexpression of nine pro-inflammatory miRNAs (miR-132-3p/-142-3p/-142-5p/-155-5p/-210-3p/-212-3p/-326/-342-5p/-511-5p) and a significant under-expression of six regulatory immune-related miRNAs (miR-30a-5p/-30b-5p/-30c-5p/-30d-5p/-30e-5p/-124-3p), whose expression levels significantly associated with most evaluated histopathological parameters. Notably, we revealed miR-132-3p/-142-3p/-142-5p/-155-5p/-212-3p/-511-5p as major promoters of arterial inflammation and miR-30a-5p/-30c-5p/-30d-5p as putative regulators of NFATC signaling in TAB-positive GCA arteries. Conclusion Overall, we demonstrated that an altered arterial tissue-specific pro-inflammatory miRNA signature favors enhanced T cell-driven inflammation and macrophage activity in TAB-positive GCA arteries. Moreover, dysregulation of several immune-related miRNAs seems to contribute crucially to GCA pathogenesis, through impairing their regulatory activity towards T cell-mediated immune responses driven by the calcineurin (CaN)/NFAT signaling pathway, indicating their therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Bolha
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alojzija Hočevar
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alen Suljič
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vesna Jurčić
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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3
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Samiei H, Ajam F, Gharavi A, Abdolmaleki S, Kokhaei P, Mohammadi S, Memarian A. Simultaneous disruption of circulating miR-21 and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs): Prospective diagnostic and prognostic markers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24125. [PMID: 34799871 PMCID: PMC8761409 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as the most prominent type of esophageal cancer (EC) in developing countries encompasses a substantial contribution of cancer-related mortalities and morbidities. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are the major subset of effector T cells against cancer. However, the microRNAs involved in the development and regulation of CTLs could be disrupted in cancers such as EC. METHODS Here, we evaluated the population of IL-10, TGF-β, IFN-γ, and IL-17a-producing CD3+CD8+ T cells, their association with the circulating levels of miR-21 and miR-29b, and their diagnostic and/or prognostic (after 160 weeks of follow-up) utilities in 34 ESCC patients (12 newly diagnosed: ND, 24 under-treatment: UT) and 34 matched healthy donors. RESULTS The population of IL-10 and TGF-β-producing CTLs (CD8+ Tregs) were considerably expanded, in addition to the overexpression of miR-21 in both groups (ND and UT) of ESCC patients, while the frequency of Tc17 and CD8+ Treg cells increased only in UT patients. The expression means of TGF-β and IL-10 in CTLs were considered to be excellent biomarkers (1 ≥ area under the curve: AUC ≥0.9) in distinguishing ESCC patients and associated subgroups from healthy subjects. Moreover, the lower expressions of TGF-β, IL-17a, IL-10, and IFN-γ in CTLs were associated with ESCC better prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The association between the impaired function of CD3+ CD8+ T cell subsets and miR-21 expression could be introduced as novel therapeutic targets and powerful diagnostic and prognostic markers for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiseh Samiei
- Immunology DepartmentFaculty of MedicineSemnan University of Medical SciencesSemnanIran
| | - Faezeh Ajam
- Immunology DepartmentFaculty of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Abdolsamad Gharavi
- Digestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Sara Abdolmaleki
- Clinical Immunology LaboratoryDeziani Specialized and Advanced ClinicGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Parviz Kokhaei
- Immune and Gene Therapy LaboratoryCancer Centre KarolinskaDepartment of Oncology and PathologyKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
- Cancer Research Center and Department of ImmunologySemnan University of Medical SciencesSemnanIran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Stem Cell Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Infectious Diseases Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Ali Memarian
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of ImmunologySchool of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
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4
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Yang W, Chen L, Xu L, Bilotta AJ, Yao S, Liu Z, Cong Y. MicroRNA-10a Negatively Regulates CD4 + T Cell IL-10 Production through Suppression of Blimp1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:985-995. [PMID: 34301843 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An uncontrolled CD4+ T cell response is a critical hallmark of autoimmune diseases. IL-10, which can be produced by both effector and regulatory CD4+ T cells, plays an essential role in the inhibition of autoimmunity. MicroRNAs are key molecules involved in regulating immune responses. However, how miR-10a regulates CD4+ T cell function in the pathogenesis of intestinal immune responses is not fully understood. In this study, we show that the mice with deficient miR-10a in CD4+ T cells were more resistant to intestinal inflammation upon inflammatory insult. miR-10a-deficient CD4+CD45Rbhi T cells were less colitogenic in Rag -/- mice, in which CD4+ T cell production of IL-10 was increased. miR-10a-deficient CD4+ T cells expressed a higher expression of IL-10 in vitro. Blocking the IL-10/IL-10R pathway in vivo aggravated colitis induced by miR-10a-deficient CD4+CD45Rbhi T cells. Mechanically, miR-10a suppressed CD4+ T cell production of IL-10 through targeting Prdm1, which encodes Blimp1. We further show that that CD4+ T cells lacking Blimp1 produced lower levels of IL-10 and induced more severe colitis in Rag -/- mice. These data thus establish the role of miR-10a in the inhibition of IL-10 production in CD4+ T cells to regulate intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Leiqi Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX
| | - Anthony J Bilotta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX
| | - Suxia Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX; .,Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX
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5
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Ambeskovic M, Ilnytskyy Y, Kiss D, Currie C, Montina T, Kovalchuk I, Metz GAS. Ancestral stress programs sex-specific biological aging trajectories and non-communicable disease risk. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3828-3847. [PMID: 32087063 PMCID: PMC7066928 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is rising globally but their causes are generally not understood. Here we show that cumulative ancestral stress leads to premature aging and raises NCD risk in a rat population. This longitudinal study revealed that cumulative multigenerational prenatal stress (MPS) across four generations (F0-F3) raises age- and sex-dependent adverse health outcomes in F4 offspring. MPS accelerated biological aging processes and exacerbated sex-specific incidences of respiratory and kidney diseases, inflammatory processes and tumors. Unbiased deep sequencing of frontal cortex revealed that MPS altered expression of microRNAs and their target genes involved in synaptic plasticity, stress regulation, immune function and longevity. Multi-layer top-down deep learning metabolite enrichment analysis of urine markers revealed altered metabolic homeodynamics in MPS males. Thus, peripheral metabolic signatures may provide sensitive biomarkers of stress vulnerability and disease risk. Programming by MPS appears to be a significant determinant of lifetime mental health trajectories, physical wellbeing and vulnerability to NCDs through altered epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Ambeskovic
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yaroslav Ilnytskyy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, Alberta, Canada
| | - Douglas Kiss
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cheryl Currie
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tony Montina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, Alberta, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gerlinde A S Metz
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, Alberta, Canada
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6
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Wasik U, Kempinska-Podhorodecka A, Bogdanos DP, Milkiewicz P, Milkiewicz M. Enhanced expression of miR-21 and miR-150 is a feature of anti-mitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cholangitis. Mol Med 2020; 26:8. [PMID: 31948396 PMCID: PMC6966805 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0130-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Anti-mitochondrial-autoantibodies (AMA) remain a hallmark of Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) however approximately 10% of patients test negative for these antibodies. They do not differ in terms of biochemistry or clinical presentation from AMA positive ones. Epigenetics play a key role in immune signalling. Two microRNAs (miRs), namely, miR-21 and miR-150 are known to be involved in liver inflammation and fibrosis. The expression of those two microRNAs and their downstream targets were analyze in the context of AMA-status and the stage of liver fibrosis. Methods The relative levels of miR-21 and miR-150 and their target genes: cMyb, RAS-guanyl-releasing protein-1(RASGRP1), and DNA-methyltransferase-1(DNMT1) were determined by Real-Time PCR in serum, liver tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with PBC. Results Serum expressions of miR-21 and miR-150 were significantly enhanced in AMA-negative patients, and they inversely correlated with disease-specific AMA titers in PBS patients. In PBMCs, an increased expression of miR-21 correlated with decreased levels of RASGRP1 and DNMT1 mRNAs whereas, the level of miR-150 remained comparable to controls; and cMyb mRNA was downregulated. In cirrhotic livers, the level of miR-21 was unchanged while miR-150 expression was increased. Conclusion This study convincingly report, that AMA-negative PBC is characterized by notable alternations of miR-21 and miR-150 and their downstream targets compared to AMA-positive patients underlining their possible importance in the induction of the disease and its progression to fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Wasik
- Department of Medical Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Piotr Milkiewicz
- Translational Medicine Group, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.,Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Giannoudis A, Clarke K, Zakaria R, Varešlija D, Farahani M, Rainbow L, Platt-Higgins A, Ruthven S, Brougham KA, Rudland PS, Jenkinson MD, Young LS, Falciani F, Palmieri C. A novel panel of differentially-expressed microRNAs in breast cancer brain metastasis may predict patient survival. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18518. [PMID: 31811234 PMCID: PMC6897960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) is an area of unmet clinical need. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to the metastatic process in breast cancer (BC). In this study, we aim to determine differentially-expressed miRNAs utilising primary BCs that did not relapse (BCNR, n = 12), primaries that relapsed (BCR) and their paired (n = 40 pairs) brain metastases (BM) using the NanoString™ nCounter™ miRNA Expression Assays. Significance analysis of microarrays identified 58 and 11 differentially-expressed miRNAs between BCNR vs BCR and BCR vs BM respectively and pathway analysis revealed enrichment for genes involved in invasion and metastasis. Four miRNAs, miR-132-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-150-5p and miR-155-5p, were differentially-expressed within both cohorts (BCNR-BCR, BCR-BM) and receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis (p = 0.00137) and Kaplan-Meier survival method (p = 0.0029, brain metastasis-free survival; p = 0.0007, overall survival) demonstrated their potential use as prognostic markers. Ingenuity pathway enrichment linked them to the MET oncogene, and the cMET protein was overexpressed in the BCR (p < 0.0001) and BM (p = 0.0008) cases, compared to the BCNRs. The 4-miRNAs panel identified in this study could be potentially used to distinguish BC patients with an increased risk of developing BCBM and provide potential novel therapeutic targets, whereas cMET-targeting warrants further investigation in the treatment of BCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Giannoudis
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kim Clarke
- Computational Biology Facility, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rasheed Zakaria
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Damir Varešlija
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mosavar Farahani
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lucille Rainbow
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Stuart Ruthven
- Department of Pathology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Philip S Rudland
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael D Jenkinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Leonie S Young
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Carlo Palmieri
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral, UK.
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8
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Xu S, Hazlett LD. MicroRNAs in Ocular Infection. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7090359. [PMID: 31533211 PMCID: PMC6780979 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding, regulatory RNA molecules and constitute a newly recognized, important layer of gene-expression regulation at post-transcriptional levels. miRNAs quantitatively fine tune the expression of their downstream genes in a cell type- and developmental stage-specific fashion. miRNAs have been proven to play important roles in the normal development and function as well as in the pathogenesis of diseases in all tissues and organ systems. miRNAs have emerged as new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for treatment and diagnosis of various diseases. Although miRNA research in ocular infection remains in its early stages, a handful of pioneering studies have provided insight into the roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of parasitic, fungal, bacterial, and viral ocular infections. Here, we review the current status of research in miRNAs in several major ocular infectious diseases. We predict that the field of miRNAs in ocular infection will greatly expand with the discovery of novel miRNA-involved molecular mechanisms that will inform development of new therapies and identify novel diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunbin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Linda D Hazlett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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9
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Ge S, Zhang H, Deng T, Sun W, Ning T, Fan Q, Wang Y, Wang X, Zhang Q, Zhou Z, Yang H, Ying G, Ba Y. MiR-181a, a new regulator of TGF-β signaling, can promote cell migration and proliferation in gastric cancer. Invest New Drugs 2019; 37:923-934. [PMID: 30607520 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0695-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway plays pivotal roles in various types of cancer. TGF-β receptor 2 (TGFβR2) contains a kinase domain that phosphorylates and activates the downstream of the TGF-β signaling pathway. Our previous microarray analysis revealed marked changes in miR-181a expression in gastric cancers, and the bioinformatics analysis suggested that miR-181a negatively regulated TGFβR2. In order to verify the effect of miR-181a on TGFβR2 and clarify the influence of miR-181a on the migration and proliferation of gastric cancer, studies in gastric cancer cell lines and xenograft mouse models were carried out. We found that a reduced expression of TGFβR2 and an increased expression miR-181a in gastric cancer tissues compared to adjacent noncancerous tissues. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed that TGFβR2 was a target of miR-181a. In addition, we found that miR-181a mimics, which increased the level of miR-181a, downregulated the expression of TGFβR2 in the gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901. Moreover, both the overexpression of miR-181a and the downregulation of TGFβR2 promoted the migration and proliferation of SGC-7901 cells. Conversely, SGC-7901 cell migration and proliferation were inhibited by the downregulation of miR-181a and the overexpression of TGFβR2. Furthermore, the increased expression of miR-181a and the decreased expression of TGFβR2 also enhanced the tumor growth in mice bearing gastric cancer. Our results herein indicated that miR-181a promoted the migration and proliferation of gastric cancer cells by downregulating TGFβR2 at the posttranscriptional level. The present study suggests that miR-181a is a novel negative regulator of TGFβR2 in the TGF-β signaling pathway and thus represents a potential new therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Ge
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Wu Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Tao Ning
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Qian Fan
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Qiumo Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Haiou Yang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Guoguang Ying
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Yi Ba
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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10
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Rodríguez-Galán A, Fernández-Messina L, Sánchez-Madrid F. Control of Immunoregulatory Molecules by miRNAs in T Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2148. [PMID: 30319616 PMCID: PMC6167432 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNA targeting of key immunoregulatory molecules fine-tunes the immune response. This mechanism boosts or dampens immune functions to preserve homeostasis while supporting the full development of effector functions. MiRNA expression changes during T cell activation, highlighting that their function is constrained by a specific spatiotemporal frame related to the signals that induce T cell-based effector functions. Here, we update the state of the art regarding the miRNAs that are differentially expressed during T cell stimulation. We also revisit the existing data on miRNA function in T cell activation, with a special focus on the modulation of the most relevant immunoregulatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rodríguez-Galán
- Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lola Fernández-Messina
- Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Xu M, Gan T, Ning H, Wang L. MicroRNA Functions in Thymic Biology: Thymic Development and Involution. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2063. [PMID: 30254640 PMCID: PMC6141719 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During the entire processes of thymus organogenesis, maturation, and involution, gene regulation occurs post-transcriptionally via recently discovered microRNA (miRNA) transcripts. Numerous reports indicate that miRNAs may be involved in the construction of a normal thymic microenvironment, which constitutes a critical component to support T lymphocyte development. MiRNAs are also expressed in thymic stromal cells including thymic epithelial cells (TECs) during maturation and senescence. This review focuses on the function of miRNAs in thymic development and involution. A better understanding of these processes will provide new insights into the regulatory network of TECs and further comprehension of how genes control TECs to maintain the thymic microenvironment during thymus development and aging, thus supporting a normal cellular immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwen Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Tao Gan
- Department of Biotechnology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Huiting Ning
- Department of Biotechnology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Liefeng Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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12
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Jiang J, Song X, Yang J, Lei K, Ni Y, Zhou F, Sun L. Triptolide Inhibits Proliferation and Migration of Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells by Upregulating MicroRNA-181a. Oncol Res 2018; 26:1235-1243. [PMID: 29426375 PMCID: PMC7844704 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15179661552702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the primary cause of cancer-related death for children 1 to 5 years of age. New therapeutic strategies and medicines are urgently needed. This study aimed to investigate the effects of triptolide (TPL), the major active component purified from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, on neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, as well as underlying potential mechanisms. We found that TPL inhibited SH-SY5Y cell viability, proliferation, and migration, but induced cell apoptosis. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 after TPL treatment in SH-SY5Y cells was decreased. The expression of microRNA-181a (miR-181a) was upregulated after TPL treatment. Moreover, suppression of miR-181a reversed the effects of TPL on SH-SY5Y cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. Overexpression of miR-181a enhanced the TPL-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and nuclear factor κ light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways. In conclusion, our research verified that TPL inhibited the proliferation and migration of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by upregulating the expression of miR-181a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xuewen Song
- Outpatient Department, Qingdao No. 1 Sanitarium, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ke Lei
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yongan Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lirong Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
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13
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Alunni-Fabbroni M, Majunke L, Trapp EK, Tzschaschel M, Mahner S, Fasching PA, Fehm T, Schneeweiss A, Beck T, Lorenz R, Friedl TWP, Janni W, Rack B. Whole blood microRNAs as potential biomarkers in post-operative early breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:141. [PMID: 29409452 PMCID: PMC5802058 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered promising cancer biomarkers, showing high reliability, sensitivity and stability. Our study aimed to identify associations between whole blood miRNA profiles, presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and clinical outcome in post-operative early breast cancer patients (EBC) to assess the utility of miRNAs as prognostic markers in this setting. METHOD A total of 48 post-operative patients, recruited in frame of the SUCCESS A trial, were included in this retrospective study and tested with a panel of 8 miRNAs (miR-10b, -19a, - 21, - 22, -20a, - 127, - 155, -200b). Additional 17 female healthy donors with no previous history of cancer were included in the study as negative controls. Blood samples were collected at different time points (pre-adjuvant therapy, post-adjuvant therapy, 2 years follow up), total RNA was extracted and the relative concentration of each miRNA was measured by quantitative PCR and compared in patients stratified on blood collection time or CTC detection. Furthermore, we compared miRNA profiles of patients, for each time point separately, and healthy donors. CTCs were visualized and quantified with immunocytochemistry analysis. Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical tests. RESULTS In our experimental system, miR-19a, miR-22 and miR-127 showed the most promising results, differentiating patients at different time points and from healthy controls, while miR-20a, miR-21 and miR-200b did not show any difference among the different groups. miR-10b and miR-155 were never detectable in our experimental system. With respect to patients' clinical characteristics, we found a significant correlation between miR-200b and lymph node status and between miR-20a and tumor type. Furthermore, miR-127 correlated with the presence of CTCs. Finally, we found a borderline significance between Progression Free Survival and miR-19a levels. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study suggests that profiling whole blood miRNAs could help to better stratify post-operative EBC patients without any sign of metastasis to prevent later relapse or metastatic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Alunni-Fabbroni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Laboratory for Experimental Radiology, Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Leonie Majunke
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth K Trapp
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marie Tzschaschel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja Fehm
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Beck
- RoMed Klinikum Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Lorenz
- Gemeinschaftspraxis Lorenz / Hecker / Wesche, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas W P Friedl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Janni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Brigitte Rack
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
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14
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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) up-regulates miR-15b expression thus attenuating store operated calcium entry (SOCE) into murine CD4 + T cells and human leukaemic T cell lymphoblasts. Oncotarget 2017; 8:89500-89514. [PMID: 29163766 PMCID: PMC5685687 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cells are key elements in immune responses and inflammation. Activation of T cell receptors in CD4+ T cells triggers cytosolic Ca2+ release with subsequent store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), which is accomplished by the pore forming Ca2+ release activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel Orai1 and its regulator stromal cell-interaction molecule 2 (STIM2). Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) acts as a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent for various types of cells including immune cells. However, how post-transcriptional gene regulators such as miRNAs are involved in the regulation of Ca2+ influx into murine CD4+ T cells and human Jurkat T cells through EGCG is not defined. EGCG treatment of murine CD4+ T cells significantly down-regulated the expression of STIM2 and Orai1 both at mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, EGCG significantly decreased SOCE in both murine and human T cells. EGCG treatment increased miRNA-15b (miR-15b) abundance in both murine and human T cells. Bioinformatics analysis reveals that miR-15b, which has a STIM2 binding site, is involved in the down-regulation of SOCE. Overexpression of miR-15b significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of STIM2 and Orai1 in murine T cells. Treatment of Jurkat T cells with 10 μM EGCG further decreased mTOR and PTEN protein levels. EGCG decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in both human and murine T cells. In conclusion, the observations suggest that EGCG inhibits the Ca2+ entry into murine and human T cells, an effect accomplished at least in part by up-regulation of miR-15b.
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15
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Tripp RA, Tompkins SM, Foo CH, Bean AGD, Wang LF. A Functional Genomics Approach to Henipavirus Research: The Role of Nuclear Proteins, MicroRNAs and Immune Regulators in Infection and Disease. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2017; 419:191-213. [PMID: 28674944 PMCID: PMC7122743 DOI: 10.1007/82_2017_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hendra and Nipah viruses (family Paramyxoviridae, genus Henipavirus) are zoonotic RNA viruses that cause lethal disease in humans and are designated as Biosafety Level 4 (BSL4) agents. Moreover, henipaviruses belong to the same group of viruses that cause disease more commonly in humans such as measles, mumps and respiratory syncytial virus. Due to the relatively recent emergence of the henipaviruses and the practical constraints of performing functional genomics studies at high levels of containment, our understanding of the henipavirus infection cycle is incomplete. In this chapter we describe recent loss-of-function (i.e. RNAi) functional genomics screens that shed light on the henipavirus-host interface at a genome-wide level. Further to this, we cross-reference RNAi results with studies probing host proteins targeted by henipavirus proteins, such as nuclear proteins and immune modulators. These functional genomics studies join a growing body of evidence demonstrating that nuclear and nucleolar host proteins play a crucial role in henipavirus infection. Furthermore these studies will underpin future efforts to define the role of nucleolar host-virus interactions in infection and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph A. Tripp
- grid.213876.90000 0004 1936 738XDepartment Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA USA
| | - S. Mark Tompkins
- grid.213876.90000 0004 1936 738XCenter for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA USA
| | - Chwan Hong Foo
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew G D Bean
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
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16
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TGF-beta/atRA-induced Tregs express a selected set of microRNAs involved in the repression of transcripts related to Th17 differentiation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3627. [PMID: 28620241 PMCID: PMC5472579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential regulators of immune tolerance. atRA and TGF-β can inhibit the polarization of naïve T cells into inflammatory Th17 cells, favoring the generation of stable iTregs, however the regulatory mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In this context, the roles of individual microRNAs in Tregs are largely unexplored. Naïve T cells were immunomagnetically isolated from umbilical cord blood and activated with anti-human CD2/CD3/CD28 beads in the presence of IL-2 alone (CD4Med) or with the addition of TGF-β and atRA (CD4TGF/atRA). As compared to CD4Med, the CD4TGF/atRA condition allowed the generation of highly suppressive CD4+CD25hiCD127−FOXP3hi iTregs. Microarray profiling allowed the identification of a set of microRNAs that are exclusively expressed upon TGF-β/atRA treatment and that are predicted to target a set of transcripts concordantly downregulated. This set of predicted targets were enriched for central components of IL-6/JAK/STAT and AKT-mTOR signaling, whose inhibition is known to play important roles in the generation and function of regulatory lymphocytes. Finally, we show that mimics of exclusively expressed miRs (namely miR-1299 and miR-30a-5p) can reduce the levels of its target transcripts, IL6R and IL6ST (GP130), and increase the percentage of FoxP3+ cells among CD4+CD25+/hi cells.
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17
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MiR-21 is required for anti-tumor immune response in mice: an implication for its bi-directional roles. Oncogene 2017; 36:4212-4223. [PMID: 28346427 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here we show that miR-21, a microRNA known for its oncogenic activity, is also essential for mediating immune responses against tumor. Knockout of miR-21 in mice slowed the proliferation of both CD4+ and CD8+ cells, reduced their cytokine production and accelerated the grafted tumor growth. Further investigations indicated that miR-21 could activate CD4+ and CD8+ T cells via the PTEN/Akt pathway in response to stimulations. Taken together, these data suggest the key functions of miR-21 in mediating anti-tumor immune response and thereby uncover a bi-directional role of this traditionally known 'oncomiR' in tumorigenesis. Our study may provide new insights for the design of cancer therapies targeting microRNAs, with an emphasis on the dynamic and possibly unexpected role of these molecules.
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18
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Kohnken R, Kodigepalli KM, Mishra A, Porcu P, Wu L. MicroRNA-181 contributes to downregulation of SAMHD1 expression in CD4+ T-cells derived from Sèzary syndrome patients. Leuk Res 2016; 52:58-66. [PMID: 27889686 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Sézary syndrome (SS) is a rare subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) that is characterized by aggressive spread of neoplastic CD4+ T-cells from the skin into the bloodstream with metastasis to visceral organs. The deoxynucleoside triphosphohydrolase SAMHD1 is highly expressed in normal CD4+ T-cells, while its expression is down-regulated in CD4+ T-cells from SS patients. MicroRNA (miR) dysregulation is an important epigenetic mechanism in the pathogenesis and progression of SS. MiR-181 has been shown to inhibit SAMHD1 expression in cell lines and was identified as an important prognostic biomarker in CTCL. However, whether SAMHD1 is down-regulated by miR-181 in primary CD4+ T-cells of SS patients is unknown. Compared to normal CD4+ T-cells, SAMHD1 protein expression is significantly reduced in transformed CD4+ T-cell lines and CD4+ T-cells from SS patients, which inversely correlates with increased miR-181 levels in these cells. Over-expression of miR-181b in primary CD4+ T-cells from healthy donors significantly decreased SAMHD1 protein level, but not mRNA level. In contrast, inhibition of miR-181 in a CD4+ T-cell line significantly increased the level of SAMHD1 protein expression. Our results demonstrate that miR-181 is an important regulator of SAMHD1 protein expression in neoplastic CD4+ T-cells, likely through a mechanism of translational inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kohnken
- Center of Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Karthik M Kodigepalli
- Center of Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Anjali Mishra
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Pierluigi Porcu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Li Wu
- Center of Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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19
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Foo CH, Rootes CL, Cowley K, Marsh GA, Gould CM, Deffrasnes C, Cowled CJ, Klein R, Riddell SJ, Middleton D, Simpson KJ, Wang LF, Bean AGD, Stewart CR. Dual microRNA Screens Reveal That the Immune-Responsive miR-181 Promotes Henipavirus Entry and Cell-Cell Fusion. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005974. [PMID: 27783670 PMCID: PMC5082662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hendra and Nipah viruses (family Paramyxoviridae, genus Henipavirus) are bat-borne viruses that cause fatal disease in humans and a range of other mammalian species. Gaining a deeper understanding of host pathways exploited by henipaviruses for infection may identify targets for new anti-viral therapies. Here we have performed genome-wide high-throughput agonist and antagonist screens at biosafety level 4 to identify host-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) impacting henipavirus infection in human cells. Members of the miR-181 and miR-17~93 families strongly promoted Hendra virus infection. miR-181 also promoted Nipah virus infection, but did not affect infection by paramyxoviruses from other genera, indicating specificity in the virus-host interaction. Infection promotion was primarily mediated via the ability of miR-181 to significantly enhance henipavirus-induced membrane fusion. Cell signalling receptors of ephrins, namely EphA5 and EphA7, were identified as novel negative regulators of henipavirus fusion. The expression of these receptors, as well as EphB4, were suppressed by miR-181 overexpression, suggesting that simultaneous inhibition of several Ephs by the miRNA contributes to enhanced infection and fusion. Immune-responsive miR-181 levels was also up-regulated in the biofluids of ferrets and horses infected with Hendra virus, suggesting that the host innate immune response may promote henipavirus spread and exacerbate disease severity. This study is the first genome-wide screen of miRNAs influencing infection by a clinically significant mononegavirus and nominates select miRNAs as targets for future anti-viral therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan Hong Foo
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina L. Rootes
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karla Cowley
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn A. Marsh
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cathryn M. Gould
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Celine Deffrasnes
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Cowled
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Reuben Klein
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Riddell
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deborah Middleton
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kaylene J. Simpson
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Andrew G. D. Bean
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cameron R. Stewart
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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20
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Shah MY, Ferrajoli A, Sood AK, Lopez-Berestein G, Calin GA. microRNA Therapeutics in Cancer - An Emerging Concept. EBioMedicine 2016; 12:34-42. [PMID: 27720213 PMCID: PMC5078622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved class of small, regulatory non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate protein coding gene and other non-coding transcripts expression. miRNAs have been established as master regulators of cellular processes, and they play a vital role in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. Further, widespread deregulation of microRNAs have been reported in several cancers, with several microRNAs playing oncogenic and tumor suppressive roles. Based on these, miRNAs have emerged as promising therapeutic tools for cancer management. In this review, we have focused on the roles of miRNAs in tumorigenesis, the miRNA-based therapeutic strategies currently being evaluated for use in cancer, and the advantages and current challenges to their use in the clinic. miRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on the specific tissue/cancer targets. miRNAs can be used as drugs or can be targets for drugs. Clinical trials using miRNA mimetics or anti-miRNAs as therapeutic targets are currently underway and show promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitri Y Shah
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alessandra Ferrajoli
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA and Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA and Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George A Calin
- Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA and Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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21
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Baumann FM, Yuzefpolskiy Y, Sarkar S, Kalia V. Dicer Regulates the Balance of Short-Lived Effector and Long-Lived Memory CD8 T Cell Lineages. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162674. [PMID: 27627450 PMCID: PMC5023163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs constitute a major post-transcriptional mechanism for controlling protein expression, and are emerging as key regulators during T cell development and function. Recent reports of augmented CD8 T cell activation and effector differentiation, and aberrant migratory properties upon ablation of Dicer/miRNAs in naïve cells have established a regulatory role of miRNAs during priming. Whether miRNAs continue to exert similar functions or are dispensable during later stages of CD8 T cell expansion and memory differentiation remains unclear. Here, we report a critical role of Dicer/miRNAs in regulating the balance of long-lived memory and short-lived terminal effector fates during the post-priming stages when CD8 T cells undergo clonal expansion to generate a large cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) pool and subsequently differentiate into a quiescent memory state. Conditional ablation of Dicer/miRNAs in early effector CD8 T cells following optimal activation and expression of granzyme B, using unique dicerfl/flgzmb-cre mice, led to a strikingly diminished peak effector size relative to wild-type antigen-specific cells in the same infectious milieu. Diminished expansion of Dicer-ablated CD8 T cells was associated with lack of sustained antigen-driven proliferation and reduced accumulation of short-lived effector cells. Additionally, Dicer-ablated CD8 T cells exhibited more pronounced contraction after pathogen clearance and comprised a significantly smaller proportion of the memory pool, despite significantly higher proportions of CD127Hi memory precursors at the effector peak. Combined with previous reports of dynamic changes in miRNA expression as CD8 T cells differentiate from naïve to effector and memory states, these findings support distinct stage-specific roles of miRNA-dependent gene regulation during CD8 T cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian M. Baumann
- The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Yevgeniy Yuzefpolskiy
- The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Surojit Sarkar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Vandana Kalia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Bunse CE, Tischer S, Lahrberg J, Oelke M, Figueiredo C, Blasczyk R, Eiz-Vesper B. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor impairs CD8(+) T cell functionality by interfering with central activation elements. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 185:107-18. [PMID: 26990855 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides mobilizing stem cells into the periphery, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been shown to influence various types of innate and adaptive immune cells. For example, it impairs the effector function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). It is assumed that this effect is mediated indirectly by monocytes, regulatory T cells and immunomodulatory cytokines influenced by G-CSF. In this study, isolated G-CSF-treated CD8(+) T cells were stimulated antigen-dependently with peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC)-coupled artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) or stimulated antigen-independently with anti-CD3/CD28 stimulator beads. By measuring the changes in interferon (IFN)-γ and granzyme B expression at the mRNA and protein level, we showed for the first time that G-CSF has a direct effect on CD8(+) CTLs, which was confirmed based on the reduced production of IFN-γ and granzyme B by the cytotoxic T cell line TALL-104 after G-CSF treatment. By investigating further elements affected by G-CSF in CTLs from stem cell donors and untreated controls, we found a decreased phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck) and CD3ζ after G-CSF treatment. Additionally, miRNA-155 and activation marker expression levels were reduced. In summary, our results show that G-CSF directly influences the effector function of cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells and affects various elements of T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Bunse
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - S Tischer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - M Oelke
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - R Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - B Eiz-Vesper
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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23
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Pandey RK, Sundar S, Prajapati VK. Differential Expression of miRNA Regulates T Cell Differentiation and Plasticity During Visceral Leishmaniasis Infection. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:206. [PMID: 26941729 PMCID: PMC4766295 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a tropical neglected disease caused by Leishmania donovani, results in significant mortality in the Indian subcontinent. The plasticity of T cell proliferation and differentiation depends on microRNA mediated gene regulation which leads Th1/Th2 or Th17/Treg type of immune response during human VL. This study depicts the identification of target immune signaling molecule and transcription factors, which play a role in T-cell proliferation and differentiation followed by the identification of miRNA controlling their gene expression using three web servers’ viz., TargetScan, miRPath and miRDB. This study provides the bioinformatics evidences that seed region present in the miRNAs miR-29-b, miR-29a, have the putative binding site in the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of TBX21 transcription factor of CD4+ T helper (Th1), which may suppress the Th1 specific protective immune response. Development of Th2 type specific immune response can be suppressed by binding of miR-135 and miR-126 miRNAs over the 3′-UTR region of GATA-3 transcription factor of Th2 specific CD4+ T helper cells. MiRNA identified against Th2/Treg immune cells are important and their over expression or administration can be used for developing the Th1/Th17 type of protective immune response during VL infection. This study indicates that miRNAs have the capacity to regulate immune signaling, cytokine production and immune cell migration to control the VL infection in human. This observation warrants further investigation for the development of miRNA based therapy controlling T cell differentiation in human VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan Kishangarh, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan Kishangarh, India
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24
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De Tullio G, De Fazio V, Sgherza N, Minoia C, Serratì S, Merchionne F, Loseto G, Iacobazzi A, Rana A, Petrillo P, Silvestris N, Iacopino P, Guarini A. Challenges and opportunities of microRNAs in lymphomas. Molecules 2014; 19:14723-81. [PMID: 25232701 PMCID: PMC6271734 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190914723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control the expression of many target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) involved in normal cell functions (differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis). Consequently their aberrant expression and/or functions are related to pathogenesis of many human diseases including cancers. Haematopoiesis is a highly regulated process controlled by a complex network of molecular mechanisms that simultaneously regulate commitment, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Alterations on this network could affect the normal haematopoiesis, leading to the development of haematological malignancies such as lymphomas. The incidence of lymphomas is rising and a significant proportion of patients are refractory to standard therapies. Accurate diagnosis, prognosis and therapy still require additional markers to be used for diagnostic and prognostic purpose and evaluation of clinical outcome. The dysregulated expression or function of miRNAs in various types of lymphomas has been associated with lymphoma pathogenesis. Indeed, many recent findings suggest that almost all lymphomas seem to have a distinct and specific miRNA profile and some miRNAs are related to therapy resistance or have a distinct kinetics during therapy. MiRNAs are easily detectable in fresh or paraffin-embedded diagnostic tissue and serum where they are highly stable and quantifiable within the diagnostic laboratory at each consultation. Accordingly they could be specific biomarkers for lymphoma diagnosis, as well as useful for evaluating prognosis or disease response to the therapy, especially for evaluation of early relapse detection and for greatly assisting clinical decisions making. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in normal and aberrant lymphopoiesis in order to highlight their clinical value as specific diagnosis and prognosis markers of lymphoid malignancies or for prediction of therapy response. Finally, we discuss their controversial therapeutic role and future applications in therapy by modulating miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacoma De Tullio
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Vincenza De Fazio
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Nicola Sgherza
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Carla Minoia
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Simona Serratì
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Francesca Merchionne
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Antonio Perrino Hospital, Brindisi 72100, Italy
| | - Giacomo Loseto
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Angela Iacobazzi
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Antonello Rana
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Patrizia Petrillo
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Pasquale Iacopino
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Attilio Guarini
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari 70124, Italy
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25
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Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a subtype of short, endogenous, and non-coding RNAs, which post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. The miRNA-mediated gene silencing mechanism is involved in a wide spectrum of biological processes, such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, and immune responses. Picornaviridae is a large family of RNA viruses, which includes a number of causative agents of many human and animal diseases viz., poliovirus, foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), and coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). Accumulated evidences have demonstrated that replication of picornaviruses can be regulated by miRNAs and picornaviral infections can alter the expression of cellular miRNAs. Herein, we outline the intricate interactions between miRNAs and picornaviral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot-and-Mouse Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zeqian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot-and-Mouse Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Li Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot-and-Mouse Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yongguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot-and-Mouse Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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26
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MicroRNA-520a-5p displays a therapeutic effect upon chronic myelogenous leukemia cells by targeting STAT3 and enhances the anticarcinogenic role of capsaicin. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8733-42. [PMID: 24870597 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been previously demonstrated for having essential roles in a wide range of cancer types including leukemia. Antiproliferative or proapoptotic effects of capsaicin have been reported in several cancers. We aimed to study miRNAs involved in the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia cell model and the effects of the capsaicin treatment on cell proliferation and miRNA regulation. miR-520a-5p expression was extremely downregulated in capsaicin-treated cells. Repressing the level of miR-520a-5p by transient transfection with specific miRNA inhibitor oligonucleotides resulted in induced inhibition of proliferation in leukemic cells. According to bioinformatics analysis, STAT3 messenger RNA was predicted as a putative miR-520a-5p target; which was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation inhibition was enhanced upon knockdown of STAT3 by RNA interference applications, but when miR-520a-5p inhibitor was additionally transfected onto STAT3 silenced cells, cell viability was dramatically decreased in leukemia cells. Finally, we observed the effects of capsaicin following miR-520a-5p inhibitor transfection upon cell proliferation, apoptosis, and STAT3 expression levels. We determined that, downregulation of miR-520a-5p affected the proliferation inhibition enhanced by capsaicin and reduced STAT3 mRNA and protein expression levels and increased apoptotic cell number. In summary, miR-520a-5p displays a therapeutic effect by targeting STAT3 and impacting the anticancer effects of capsaicin; whereas capsaicin, potentially through the miR-520a-5p/STAT3 interaction, induces apoptosis and inhibits K562 leukemic cell proliferation with need of further investigation.
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