[Advances in clinical research on C1q nephropathy]

Is C1q nephropathy associated with a WDR19 gene mutation? A case report

BACKGROUND

Even though complement 1q nephropathy (C1qN) was first introduced in 1985, this entity is still unknown and recognized by clinicians due to its rare prevalence (0.2 - 2.5 %) and insufficient emphasis.

DESCRIPTION OF THE CASE

A 50-year-old woman was incidentally found to have non-nephrotic proteinuria with a normal glomerular filtration rate. Renal biopsy revealed C1qN with severe fibrosis. The presence of consanguinity and kidney diseases in family members of the patient led to genetic research, and homogenous mutation of c.991G>T (p.G331C) in the WD-repeat domain 19 (WDR19) gene was found. The same homozygous and heterozygous mutations in the WDR gene were found in the relatives of our patient with kidney diseases. One year of follow-up with methylprednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil treatment resulted in partial remission of the kidney disease.

CONCLUSION

Renal biopsy for patients with non-nephrotic proteinuria without delay is suggested as it might be a surrogate marker of severe injury. Genetic mutations in the WDR19 gene should be searched for C1qN pathogenesis. This is the first adult case report on C1qN from Turkey.HIPPOKRATIA 2021, 25 (2):87-90.

Resveratrol Attenuates Adriamycin-Induced Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis through C3aR/C5aR- Sphingosine Kinase 1 Pathway

Background/Aim: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) typically presents with nephrotic range proteinuria, which could eventually develop into end-stage renal disease. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol compound, which has been reported to suppress inflammatory response and renal interstitial fibrosis. This study is aimed at evaluating the renoprotective effect of RSV treatment on adriamycin-induced FSGS. Methods: In Balb/c mice, adriamycin nephropathy was induced by adriamycin (10 mg/kg body weight, diluted in normal saline) via a tail vein on day 0. Then the mice were treated with RSV (40 mg/kg body weight) once daily by oral gavage, again starting on the day of adriamycin injection and continued for 6 weeks. At 6 weeks, the mice were sacrificed; kidneys and blood samples were collected for further analysis. Results: When treated with adriamycin, the expressions of C3aR, C5aR, sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1), and soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) were upregulated, while RSV treatment could inhibit the expressions of C3aR, C5aR, Sphk1, and suPAR, eventually leading to anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis conditions. Conclusion: RSV attenuates adriamycin-induced FSGS through C3aR/C5aR-Sphk1 pathway.