1
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Semaan A, Bernard V, Wong J, Makino Y, Swartzlander DB, Rajapakshe KI, Lee JJ, Officer A, Schmidt CM, Wu HH, Scaife CL, Affolter KE, Nachmanson D, Firpo MA, Yip-Schneider M, Lowy AM, Harismendy O, Sen S, Maitra A, Jakubek YA, Guerrero PA. Integrated Molecular Characterization of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: An NCI Cancer Moonshot Precancer Atlas Pilot Project. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:2062-2073. [PMID: 37721516 PMCID: PMC10563795 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are cystic precursor lesions to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). IPMNs undergo multistep progression from low-grade (LG) to high-grade (HG) dysplasia, culminating in invasive neoplasia. While patterns of IPMN progression have been analyzed using multiregion sequencing for somatic mutations, there is no integrated assessment of molecular events, including copy-number alterations (CNA) and transcriptional changes that accompany IPMN progression. We performed laser capture microdissection on surgically resected IPMNs of varying grades of histologic dysplasia obtained from 23 patients, followed by whole-exome and whole-transcriptome sequencing. Overall, HG IPMNs displayed a significantly greater aneuploidy score than LG lesions, with chromosome 1q amplification being associated with HG progression and with cases that harbored co-occurring PDAC. Furthermore, the combined assessment of single-nucleotide variants (SNV) and CNAs identified both linear and branched evolutionary trajectories, underscoring the heterogeneity in the progression of LG lesions to HG and PDAC. At the transcriptome level, upregulation of MYC-regulated targets and downregulation of transcripts associated with the MHC class I antigen presentation machinery as well as pathways related to glycosylation were a common feature of progression to HG. In addition, the established PDAC transcriptional subtypes (basal-like and classical) were readily apparent within IPMNs. Taken together, this work emphasizes the role of 1q copy-number amplification as a putative biomarker of high-risk IPMNs, underscores the importance of immune evasion even in noninvasive precursor lesions, and reinforces that evolutionary pathways in IPMNs are heterogenous, comprised of both SNV and CNA-driven events. SIGNIFICANCE Integrated molecular analysis of genomic and transcriptomic alterations in the multistep progression of IPMNs, which are bona fide precursors of pancreatic cancer, identifies features associated with progression of low-risk lesions to high-risk lesions and cancer, which might enable patient stratification and cancer interception strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Semaan
- Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Vincent Bernard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Justin Wong
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuki Makino
- Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel B. Swartzlander
- Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kimal I. Rajapakshe
- Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jaewon J. Lee
- Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Adam Officer
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | | | - Howard H. Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | | | - Daniela Nachmanson
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | | | | | - Andrew M. Lowy
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Olivier Harismendy
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | - Subrata Sen
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yasminka A. Jakubek
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paola A. Guerrero
- Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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2
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Stoitzner P, Romani N, Rademacher C, Probst HC, Mahnke K. Antigen targeting to dendritic cells: Still a place in future immunotherapy? Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1909-1924. [PMID: 35598160 PMCID: PMC10084009 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The hallmark of DCs is their potent and outstanding capacity to activate naive resting T cells. As such, DCs are the sentinels of the immune system and instrumental for the induction of immune responses. This is one of the reasons, why DCs became the focus of immunotherapeutical strategies to fight infections, cancer, and autoimmunity. Besides the exploration of adoptive DC-therapy for which DCs are generated from monocytes or purified in large numbers from the blood, alternative approaches were developed such as antigen targeting of DCs. The idea behind this strategy is that DCs resident in patients' lymphoid organs or peripheral tissues can be directly loaded with antigens in situ. The proof of principle came from mouse models; subsequent translational studies confirmed the potential of this therapy. The first clinical trials demonstrated feasibility and the induction of T-cell immunity in patients. This review will cover: (i) the historical aspects of antigen targeting, (ii) briefly summarize the biology of DCs and the immunological functions upon which this concept rests, (iii) give an overview on attempts to target DC receptors with antibodies or (glycosylated) ligands, and finally, (iv) discuss the translation of antigen targeting into clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Stoitzner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Romani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Probst
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karsten Mahnke
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Makandar AI, Jain M, Yuba E, Sethi G, Gupta RK. Canvassing Prospects of Glyco-Nanovaccines for Developing Cross-Presentation Mediated Anti-Tumor Immunotherapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122049. [PMID: 36560459 PMCID: PMC9784904 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the severe downsides of conventional cancer therapies, the quest of developing alternative strategies still remains of critical importance. In this regard, antigen cross-presentation, usually employed by dendritic cells (DCs), has been recognized as a potential solution to overcome the present impasse in anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. It has been established that an elevated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells can be achieved by targeting receptors expressed on DCs with specific ligands. Glycans are known to serve as ligands for C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) expressed on DCs, and are also known to act as a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), and, thus, can be harnessed as a potential immunotherapeutic target. In this scenario, integrating the knowledge of cross-presentation and glycan-conjugated nanovaccines can help us to develop so called 'glyco-nanovaccines' (GNVs) for targeting DCs. Here, we briefly review and analyze the potential of GNVs as the next-generation anti-tumor immunotherapy. We have compared different antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for their ability to cross-present antigens and described the potential nanocarriers for tumor antigen cross-presentation. Further, we discuss the role of glycans in targeting of DCs, the immune response due to pathogens, and imitative approaches, along with parameters, strategies, and challenges involved in cross-presentation-based GNVs for cancer immunotherapy. It is known that the effectiveness of GNVs in eradicating tumors by inducing strong CTL response in the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been largely hindered by tumor glycosylation and the expression of different lectin receptors (such as galectins) by cancer cells. Tumor glycan signatures can be sensed by a variety of lectins expressed on immune cells and mediate the immune suppression which, in turn, facilitates immune evasion. Therefore, a sound understanding of the glycan language of cancer cells, and glycan-lectin interaction between the cancer cells and immune cells, would help in strategically designing the next-generation GNVs for anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina I. Makandar
- Protein Biochemistry Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Tathawade, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mannat Jain
- Protein Biochemistry Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Tathawade, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Eiji Yuba
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Osaka, Japan
- Correspondence: (E.Y.); (G.S.); or (R.K.G.)
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence: (E.Y.); (G.S.); or (R.K.G.)
| | - Rajesh Kumar Gupta
- Protein Biochemistry Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Tathawade, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India
- Correspondence: (E.Y.); (G.S.); or (R.K.G.)
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4
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Lee W, Suresh M. Vaccine adjuvants to engage the cross-presentation pathway. Front Immunol 2022; 13:940047. [PMID: 35979365 PMCID: PMC9376467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.940047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adjuvants are indispensable components of vaccines for stimulating optimal immune responses to non-replicating, inactivated and subunit antigens. Eliciting balanced humoral and T cell-mediated immunity is paramount to defend against diseases caused by complex intracellular pathogens, such as tuberculosis, malaria, and AIDS. However, currently used vaccines elicit strong antibody responses, but poorly stimulate CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. To elicit potent CTL memory, vaccines need to engage the cross-presentation pathway, and this requirement has been a crucial bottleneck in the development of subunit vaccines that engender effective T cell immunity. In this review, we focus on recent insights into DC cross-presentation and the extent to which clinically relevant vaccine adjuvants, such as aluminum-based nanoparticles, water-in oil emulsion (MF59) adjuvants, saponin-based adjuvants, and Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands modulate DC cross-presentation efficiency. Further, we discuss the feasibility of using carbomer-based adjuvants as next generation of adjuvant platforms to elicit balanced antibody- and T-cell based immunity. Understanding of the molecular mechanism of DC cross-presentation and the mode of action of adjuvants will pave the way for rational design of vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer that require balanced antibody- and T cell-based immunity.
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5
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Wolf B, Piksa M, Beley I, Patoux A, Besson T, Cordier V, Voedisch B, Schindler P, Stöllner D, Perrot L, von Gunten S, Brees D, Kammüller M. Therapeutic antibody glycosylation impacts antigen recognition and immunogenicity. Immunology 2022; 166:380-407. [PMID: 35416297 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we show that glycosylation is relevant for immune recognition of therapeutic antibodies, and that defined glycan structures can modulate immunogenicity. Concerns regarding immunogenicity arise from the high heterogeneity in glycosylation that is difficult to control and can deviate from human glycosylation if produced in non-human cell lines. While non-human glycosylation is thought to cause hypersensitivity reactions and immunogenicity, less is known about effects of Fc-associated glycan structures on immune cell responses. We postulated that glycosylation influences antigen recognition and subsequently humoral responses to therapeutic antibodies by modulating 1) recognition and uptake by dendritic cells (DCs), and 2) antigen routing, processing and presentation. Here, we compared different glycosylation variants of the antibody rituximab (RTX) in in vitro assays using human DCs and T cells as well as in in vivo studies. We found that human DCs bind and internalize unmodified RTX stronger compared to its aglycosylated form suggesting that glycosylation mediates uptake after recognition by glycan-specific receptors. Furthermore, we show that DC-uptake of RTX increases or decreases if glycosylation is selectively modified to recognize activating (by mannosylation) or inhibitory lectin receptors (by sialylation). Moreover, glycosylation seems to influence antigen presentation by DCs because specific glycovariants tend to induce either stronger or weaker T cell activation. Finally, we demonstrate that antibody glycosylation impacts anti-drug antibody (ADA) responses to RTX in vivo. Hence, defined glycan structures can modulate immune recognition and alter ADA responses. Glyco-engineering may help to decrease clinical immunogenicity and ADA-associated adverse events such as hypersensitivity reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babette Wolf
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mateusz Piksa
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Beley
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Agnes Patoux
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Besson
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Cordier
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Voedisch
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ludovic Perrot
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Dominique Brees
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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6
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Harvey DJ. ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND GLYCOCONJUGATES BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: AN UPDATE FOR 2015-2016. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:408-565. [PMID: 33725404 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is the ninth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2016. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented over 30 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show no sign of deminishing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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7
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Ho NI, Camps MG, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Bos E, Koster AJ, Verdoes M, van Kooyk Y, Ossendorp F. Distinct antigen uptake receptors route to the same storage compartments for cross-presentation in dendritic cells. Immunology 2021; 164:494-506. [PMID: 34110622 PMCID: PMC8517591 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
An exclusive feature of dendritic cells (DCs) is their capacity to present exogenous antigens by MHC class I molecules, called cross‐presentation. Here, we show that protein antigen can be conserved in mature murine DCs for several days in a lysosome‐like storage compartment, distinct from MHC class II and early endosomal compartments, as an internal source for the supply of MHC class I ligands. Using two different uptake routes via Fcγ receptors and C‐type lectin receptors, we could show that antigens were routed towards the same endolysosomal compartments after 48 h. The antigen‐containing compartments lacked co‐expression of molecules involved in MHC class I processing and presentation including TAP and proteasome subunits as shown by single‐cell imaging flow cytometry. Moreover, we observed the absence of cathepsin S but selective co‐localization of active cathepsin X with protein antigen in the storage compartments. This indicates cathepsin S‐independent antigen degradation and a novel but yet undefined role for cathepsin X in antigen processing and cross‐presentation by DCs. In summary, our data suggest that these antigen‐containing compartments in DCs can conserve protein antigens from different uptake routes and contribute to long‐lasting antigen cross‐presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataschja I Ho
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel G Camps
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Bos
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Section Electron Microscopy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Abraham J Koster
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Section Electron Microscopy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ferry Ossendorp
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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8
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Keumatio Doungstop BC, van Vliet SJ, van Ree R, de Jong EC, van Kooyk Y. Carbohydrates in allergy: from disease to novel immunotherapies. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:635-648. [PMID: 34052120 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory allergic disorders are a global public health problem that are responsible for substantial morbidity and healthcare expenditure. Despite the availability of allergen immunotherapy (AIT), its efficacy is suboptimal and regimens are lengthy, with a significant risk of potentially severe side effects. Studies on the recognition of allergens by immune cells through carbohydrate-lectin interactions, which play a crucial role in immune modulation and pathogenesis of allergy, have paved the way for improvements in AIT. We highlight innovative approaches for more effective and safer AIT, including the use of allergens conjugated to specific carbohydrates that bind to C-type lectins (CLRs) and sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins (Siglecs) on immune cells to induce suppressive responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Keumatio Doungstop
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), location Vrije Universiteit Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), location Vrije Universiteit Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E C de Jong
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y van Kooyk
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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9
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Ho NI, Camps MGM, Verdoes M, Münz C, Ossendorp F. Autophagy regulates long-term cross-presentation by murine dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:835-847. [PMID: 33349928 PMCID: PMC8248248 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy has been reported to be involved in supporting antigen cross-presentation by dendritic cells (DCs). We have shown that DCs have the ability to store antigen for a prolonged time in endolysosomal compartments and thereby sustain MHCI antigen cross-presentation to CD8+ T cells. In the current study, we investigated the role of autophagy in long-term antigen presentation. We show that the autophagy machinery has a negative impact on storage of antigen in DCs. Atg5-/- DCs which are deficient in autophagy or DCs treated with common autophagy inhibitors showed enhanced antigen storage and antigen cross-presentation. This augmented antigen cross-presentation effect is independent of altered proteasome enzyme activity or MHCI surface expression on DCs. We visualized that the storage compartments are in close proximity to LC3 positive autophagosomes. Our results indicate that autophagosomes disrupt antigen storage in DCs and thereby regulate long-term MHCI cross-presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataschja I Ho
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel G M Camps
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ferry Ossendorp
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Castenmiller C, Keumatio-Doungtsop BC, van Ree R, de Jong EC, van Kooyk Y. Tolerogenic Immunotherapy: Targeting DC Surface Receptors to Induce Antigen-Specific Tolerance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:643240. [PMID: 33679806 PMCID: PMC7933040 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.643240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are well-established as major players in the regulation of immune responses. They either induce inflammatory or tolerogenic responses, depending on the DC-subtype and stimuli they receive from the local environment. This dual capacity of DCs has raised therapeutic interest for their use to modify immune-activation via the generation of tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs). Several compounds such as vitamin D3, retinoic acid, dexamethasone, or IL-10 and TGF-β have shown potency in the induction of tolDCs. However, an increasing interest exists in defining tolerance inducing receptors on DCs for new targeting strategies aimed to develop tolerance inducing immunotherapies, on which we focus particular in this review. Ligation of specific cell surface molecules on DCs can result in antigen presentation to T cells in the presence of inhibitory costimulatory molecules and tolerogenic cytokines, giving rise to regulatory T cells. The combination of factors such as antigen structure and conformation, delivery method, and receptor specificity is of paramount importance. During the last decades, research provided many tools that can specifically target various receptors on DCs to induce a tolerogenic phenotype. Based on advances in the knowledge of pathogen recognition receptor expression profiles in human DC subsets, the most promising cell surface receptors that are currently being explored as possible targets for the induction of tolerance in DCs will be discussed. We also review the different strategies that are being tested to target DC receptors such as antigen-carbohydrate conjugates, antibody-antigen fusion proteins and antigen-adjuvant conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Castenmiller
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Brigitte-Carole Keumatio-Doungtsop
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther C de Jong
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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11
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Kightlinger W, Warfel KF, DeLisa MP, Jewett MC. Synthetic Glycobiology: Parts, Systems, and Applications. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:1534-1562. [PMID: 32526139 PMCID: PMC7372563 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation, the attachment of sugars to amino acid side chains, can endow proteins with a wide variety of properties of great interest to the engineering biology community. However, natural glycosylation systems are limited in the diversity of glycoproteins they can synthesize, the scale at which they can be harnessed for biotechnology, and the homogeneity of glycoprotein structures they can produce. Here we provide an overview of the emerging field of synthetic glycobiology, the application of synthetic biology tools and design principles to better understand and engineer glycosylation. Specifically, we focus on how the biosynthetic and analytical tools of synthetic biology have been used to redesign glycosylation systems to obtain defined glycosylation structures on proteins for diverse applications in medicine, materials, and diagnostics. We review the key biological parts available to synthetic biologists interested in engineering glycoproteins to solve compelling problems in glycoscience, describe recent efforts to construct synthetic glycoprotein synthesis systems, and outline exemplary applications as well as new opportunities in this emerging space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weston Kightlinger
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech E136, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center
for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech B486, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Katherine F. Warfel
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech E136, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center
for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech B486, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew P. DeLisa
- Department
of Microbiology, Cornell University, 123 Wing Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Robert
Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Nancy
E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Michael C. Jewett
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech E136, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center
for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech B486, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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12
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Harnessing the Complete Repertoire of Conventional Dendritic Cell Functions for Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070663. [PMID: 32674488 PMCID: PMC7408110 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The onset of checkpoint inhibition revolutionized the treatment of cancer. However, studies from the last decade suggested that the sole enhancement of T cell functionality might not suffice to fight malignancies in all individuals. Dendritic cells (DCs) are not only part of the innate immune system, but also generals of adaptive immunity and they orchestrate the de novo induction of tolerogenic and immunogenic T cell responses. Thus, combinatorial approaches addressing DCs and T cells in parallel represent an attractive strategy to achieve higher response rates across patients. However, this requires profound knowledge about the dynamic interplay of DCs, T cells, other immune and tumor cells. Here, we summarize the DC subsets present in mice and men and highlight conserved and divergent characteristics between different subsets and species. Thereby, we supply a resource of the molecular players involved in key functional features of DCs ranging from their sentinel function, the translation of the sensed environment at the DC:T cell interface to the resulting specialized T cell effector modules, as well as the influence of the tumor microenvironment on the DC function. As of today, mostly monocyte derived dendritic cells (moDCs) are used in autologous cell therapies after tumor antigen loading. While showing encouraging results in a fraction of patients, the overall clinical response rate is still not optimal. By disentangling the general aspects of DC biology, we provide rationales for the design of next generation DC vaccines enabling to exploit and manipulate the described pathways for the purpose of cancer immunotherapy in vivo. Finally, we discuss how DC-based vaccines might synergize with checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of malignant diseases.
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13
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Plant lectins and their usage in preparing targeted nanovaccines for cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:87-106. [PMID: 32068087 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant lectins, a natural source of glycans with a therapeutic potential may lead to the discovery of new targeted therapies. Glycans extracted from plant lectins are known to act as ligands for C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) that are primarily present on immune cells. Plant-derived glycosylated lectins offer diversity in their N-linked oligosaccharide structures that can serve as a unique source of homogenous and heterogenous glycans. Among the plant lectins-derived glycan motifs, Man9GlcNAc2Asn exhibits high-affinity interactions with CLRs that may resemble glycan motifs of pathogens. Thus, such glycan domains when presented along with antigens complexed with a nanocarrier of choice may bewilder the immune cells and direct antigen cross-presentation - a cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune response mediated by CD8+ T cells. Glycan structure analysis has attracted considerable interest as glycans are looked upon as better therapeutic alternatives than monoclonal antibodies due to their cost-effectiveness, reduced toxicity and side effects, and high specificity. Furthermore, this approach will be useful to understand whether the multivalent glycan presentation on the surface of nanocarriers can overcome the low-affinity lectin-ligand interaction and thereby modulation of CLR-dependent immune response. Besides this, understanding how the heterogeneity of glycan structure impacts the antigen cross-presentation is pivotal to develop alternative targeted therapies. In the present review, we discuss the findings on structural analysis of glycans from natural lectins performed using GlycanBuilder2 - a software tool based on a thorough literature review of natural lectins. Additionally, we discuss how multiple parameters like the orientation of glycan ligands, ligand density, simultaneous targeting of multiple CLRs and design of antigen delivery nanocarriers may influence the CLR targeting efficacy. Integrating this information will eventually set the ground for new generation immunotherapeutic vaccine design for the treatment of various human malignancies.
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14
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Abstract
The C-type lectins are a superfamily of proteins that recognize a broad repertoire of ligands and that regulate a diverse range of physiological functions. Most research attention has focused on the ability of C-type lectins to function in innate and adaptive antimicrobial immune responses, but these proteins are increasingly being recognized to have a major role in autoimmune diseases and to contribute to many other aspects of multicellular existence. Defects in these molecules lead to developmental and physiological abnormalities, as well as altered susceptibility to infectious and non-infectious diseases. In this Review, we present an overview of the roles of C-type lectins in immunity and homeostasis, with an emphasis on the most exciting recent discoveries.
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15
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Kotsias F, Cebrian I, Alloatti A. Antigen processing and presentation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 348:69-121. [PMID: 31810556 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells are at the center of immune responses. They are defined by their ability to sense the environment, take up and process antigen, migrate to secondary lymphoid organs, where they present antigens to the adaptive immune system. In particular, they present lipids and proteins from pathogens, which they encountered in peripheral tissues, to T cells in order to induce a specific effector immune response. These complex antigens need to be broken down into peptides of a certain length in association with Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. Presentation of MHC/antigen complexes alongside costimulatory molecules and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines will induce an appropriate immune response. This interaction between dendritic cells and T cells takes place at defined locations within secondary lymphoid organs. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge and recent advances on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie antigen processing and the subsequent presentation to T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Kotsias
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Cebrian
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM)-CONICET/Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Andrés Alloatti
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER)-CONICET/Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.
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16
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Autologous decellularized extracellular matrix protects against H 2O 2-induced senescence and aging in adipose-derived stem cells and stimulates proliferation in vitro. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182137. [PMID: 31048361 PMCID: PMC6527929 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adipose-derived stem cells have attracted significant interest, especially in stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine. However, these cells undergo gradual premature senescence in long-term cultures, which are essential for clinical applications that require cell-assisted lipotransfer or tissue repair. Methods: Since the extracellular matrix forms the microenvironment around stem cells in vitro and regulates self-renewal and multipotency in part by slowing down stem cell aging, we evaluated its potential to protect against senescence, using H2O2-induced adipose-derived stem cells as a model. Results: We found that supplementing cultures with decellularized extracellular matrix harvested from the same cells significantly promotes proliferation and reverses signs of senescence, including decreased multipotency, increased expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Conclusion: These findings suggest a novel approach in which an autologous decellularized extracellular matrix is used to prevent cellular senescence to enable the use of adipose-derived stem cells in regenerative medicine.
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17
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Brzezicka KA, Serna S, Reichardt NC. Fluorescent Neoglycoprotein Gold Nanoclusters: Synthesis and Applications in Plant Lectin Sensing and Cell Imaging. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:360. [PMID: 30421263 PMCID: PMC6232188 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2772-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-protein interactions mediate fundamental biological processes, such as fertilization, cell signaling, or host-pathogen communication. However, because of the enormous complexity of glycan recognition events, new tools enabling their analysis or applications emerge in recent years. Here, we describe the first preparation of neoglycoprotein functionalized fluorescent gold nanoclusters, containing a biantennary N-glycan G0 as targeting molecule, ovalbumin as carrier/model antigen, and a fluorescent gold core as imaging probe (G0-OVA-AuNCs). Subsequently, we demonstrate the utility of generated G0-OVA-AuNCs for specific sensing of plant lectins and in vitro imaging of dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Alicja Brzezicka
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Sonia Serna
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Niels Christian Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Paseo Miramon 182, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
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18
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Schultz HS, Østergaard S, Sidney J, Lamberth K, Sette A. The effect of acylation with fatty acids and other modifications on HLA class II:peptide binding and T cell stimulation for three model peptides. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197407. [PMID: 29758051 PMCID: PMC5951580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenicity is a major concern in drug development as anti-drug antibodies in many cases affect both patient safety and drug efficacy. Another concern is often the limited half-life of drugs, which can be altered by different chemical modifications, like acylation with fatty acids. However, acylation with fatty acids has been shown in some cases to modulate T cell activation. Therefore, to understand the role of acylation with fatty acids on immunogenicity we tested three immunogenic non-acylated peptides and 14 of their acylated analogues for binding to 26 common HLA class II alleles, and their ability to activate T cells in an ex vivo T cell assay. Changes in binding affinity associated with acylation with fatty acids were typically modest, though a significant decrease was observed for influenza HA acylated with a stearic acid, and affinities for DQ alleles were consistently increased. Importantly, we showed that for all three immunogenic peptides acylation with fatty acids decreased their capacity to activate T cells, a trend particularly evident with longer fatty acids typically positioned within the peptide HLA class II binding core region, or when closer to the C-terminus. With these results we have demonstrated that acylation with fatty acids of immunogenic peptides can lower their stimulatory capacity, which could be important knowledge for drug design and immunogenicity mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi S. Schultz
- Global research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | | | - John Sidney
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | | | - Alessandro Sette
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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19
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Shanthamurthy CD, Jain P, Yehuda S, Monteiro JT, Leviatan Ben-Arye S, Subramani B, Lepenies B, Padler-Karavani V, Kikkeri R. ABO Antigens Active Tri- and Disaccharides Microarray to Evaluate C-type Lectin Receptor Binding Preferences. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6603. [PMID: 29700341 PMCID: PMC5920051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding blood group antigen binding preferences for C-type lectin receptors holds promise for modulating immune responses, since several Gram-negative bacteria express blood group antigens as molecular mimicry to evade immune responses. Herein, we report the synthesis of ABO blood group antigen active tri and disaccharides to investigate the binding specificity with various C-type lectin receptors using glycan microarray. The results of binding preferences show that distinct glycosylation on the galactose and fucose motifs are key for C-type lectin receptor binding and that these interactions occur in a Ca2+-dependent fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chethan D Shanthamurthy
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Prashant Jain
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Sharon Yehuda
- Tel-Aviv University, Department of Cell Research and Immunology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - João T Monteiro
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Immunology Unit & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, Hannover, Germany
| | - Shani Leviatan Ben-Arye
- Tel-Aviv University, Department of Cell Research and Immunology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Balamurugan Subramani
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Immunology Unit & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Vered Padler-Karavani
- Tel-Aviv University, Department of Cell Research and Immunology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.
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20
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Abstract
Antigen cross-presentation is an adaptation of the cellular process of loading MHC-I molecules with endogenous peptides during their biosynthesis within the endoplasmic reticulum. Cross-presented peptides derive from internalized proteins, microbial pathogens, and transformed or dying cells. The physical separation of internalized cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum, where the machinery for assembling peptide-MHC-I complexes resides, poses a challenge. To solve this problem, deliberate rewiring of organelle communication within cells is necessary to prepare for cross-presentation, and different endocytic receptors and vesicular traffic patterns customize the emergent cross-presentation compartment to the nature of the peptide source. Three distinct pathways of vesicular traffic converge to form the ideal cross-presentation compartment, each regulated differently to supply a unique component that enables cross-presentation of a diverse repertoire of peptides. Delivery of centerpiece MHC-I molecules is the critical step regulated by microbe-sensitive Toll-like receptors. Defining the subcellular sources of MHC-I and identifying sites of peptide loading during cross-presentation remain key challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Magarian Blander
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; .,Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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21
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Mayer S, Moeller R, Monteiro JT, Ellrott K, Josenhans C, Lepenies B. C-Type Lectin Receptor (CLR)-Fc Fusion Proteins As Tools to Screen for Novel CLR/Bacteria Interactions: An Exemplary Study on Preselected Campylobacter jejuni Isolates. Front Immunol 2018; 9:213. [PMID: 29487596 PMCID: PMC5816833 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are carbohydrate-binding receptors that recognize their ligands often in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Upon ligand binding, myeloid CLRs in innate immunity trigger or inhibit a variety of signaling pathways, thus initiating or modulating effector functions such as cytokine production, phagocytosis, and antigen presentation. CLRs bind to various pathogens, including viruses, fungi, parasites, and bacteria. The bacterium Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is a very frequent Gram-negative zoonotic pathogen of humans, causing severe intestinal symptoms. Interestingly, C. jejuni expresses several glycosylated surface structures, for example, the capsular polysaccharide (CPS), lipooligosaccharide (LOS), and envelope proteins. This “Methods” paper describes applications of CLR–Fc fusion proteins to screen for yet unknown CLR/bacteria interactions using C. jejuni as an example. ELISA-based detection of CLR/bacteria interactions allows a first prescreening that is further confirmed by flow cytometry-based binding analysis and visualized using confocal microscopy. By applying these methods, we identified Dectin-1 as a novel CLR recognizing two selected C. jejuni isolates with different LOS and CPS genotypes. In conclusion, the here-described applications of CLR–Fc fusion proteins represent useful methods to screen for and identify novel CLR/bacteria interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Mayer
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rebecca Moeller
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - João T Monteiro
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Ellrott
- Medical School Hannover, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christine Josenhans
- Medical School Hannover, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany.,Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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22
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Lindenbergh MFS, Stoorvogel W. Antigen Presentation by Extracellular Vesicles from Professional Antigen-Presenting Cells. Annu Rev Immunol 2018; 36:435-459. [PMID: 29400984 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-041015-055700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The initiation and maintenance of adaptive immunity require multifaceted modes of communication between different types of immune cells, including direct intercellular contact, secreted soluble signaling molecules, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs can be formed as microvesicles directly pinched off from the plasma membrane or as exosomes secreted by multivesicular endosomes. Membrane receptors guide EVs to specific target cells, allowing directional transfer of specific and complex signaling cues. EVs are released by most, if not all, immune cells. Depending on the type and status of their originating cell, EVs may facilitate the initiation, expansion, maintenance, or silencing of adaptive immune responses. This review focusses on EVs from professional antigen-presenting cells, their demonstrated and speculated roles, and their potential for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe F S Lindenbergh
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Willem Stoorvogel
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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23
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Wu Z, Jiang K, Zhu H, Ma C, Yu Z, Li L, Guan W, Liu Y, Zhu H, Chen Y, Li S, Li J, Cheng J, Zhang L, Wang PG. Site-Directed Glycosylation of Peptide/Protein with Homogeneous O-Linked Eukaryotic N-Glycans. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1972-5. [PMID: 27529638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a facile and efficient method for site-directed glycosylation of peptide/protein. The method contains two sequential steps: generation of a GlcNAc-O-peptide/protein, and subsequent ligation of a eukaryotic N-glycan to the GlcNAc moiety. A pharmaceutical peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and a model protein, bovine α-Crystallin, were successfully glycosylated using such an approach. It was shown that the GLP-1 with O-linked N-glycan maintained an unchanged secondary structure after glycosylation, suggesting the potential application of this approach for peptide/protein drug production. In summary, the coupled approach provides a general strategy to produce homogeneous glycopeptide/glycoprotein bearing eukaryotic N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Kuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China.,Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Zaikuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Wanyi Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States.,College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Yanyi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China.,Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jiansong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Lianwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Peng George Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China.,Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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