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Hu HL, Khatri L, Santacruz M, Church E, Moore C, Huang TT, Chao MV. Confronting the loss of trophic support. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1179209. [PMID: 37456526 PMCID: PMC10338843 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1179209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Classic experiments with peripheral sympathetic neurons established an absolute dependence upon NGF for survival. A forgotten problem is how these neurons become resistant to deprivation of trophic factors. The question is whether and how neurons can survive in the absence of trophic support. However, the mechanism is not understood how neurons switch their phenotype to lose their dependence on trophic factors, such as NGF and BDNF. Here, we approach the problem by considering the requirements for trophic support of peripheral sympathetic neurons and hippocampal neurons from the central nervous system. We developed cellular assays to assess trophic factor dependency for sympathetic and hippocampal neurons and identified factors that rescue neurons in the absence of trophic support. They include enhanced expression of a subunit of the NGF receptor (Neurotrophin Receptor Homolog, NRH) in sympathetic neurons and an increase of the expression of the glucocorticoid receptor in hippocampal neurons. The results are significant since levels and activity of trophic factors are responsible for many neuropsychiatric conditions. Resistance of neurons to trophic factor deprivation may be relevant to the underlying basis of longevity, as well as an important element in preventing neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lan Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Latika Khatri
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marilyn Santacruz
- Department of Neuroscience, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, United States
| | - Emily Church
- Department of Neuroscience, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, United States
| | - Christopher Moore
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tony T. Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Moses V. Chao
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, New York Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Sharma L, Sharma A, Kumar D, Asthana MK, Lalhlenmawia H, Kumar A, Bhattacharyya S, Kumar D. Promising protein biomarkers in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1727-1744. [PMID: 35015199 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00847-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an insidious, multifactorial disease that involves the devastation of neurons leading to cognitive impairments. Alzheimer's have compounded pathologies of diverse nature, including proteins as one important factor along with mutated genes and enzymes. Although various review articles have proposed biomarkers, still, the statistical importance of proteins is missing. Proteins associated with AD include amyloid precursor protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, calmodulin-like skin protein, hepatocyte growth factor, matrix Metalloproteinase-2. These proteins play a crucial role in the AD hypothesis which includes the tau hypothesis, amyloid-beta (Aβ) hypothesis, cholinergic neuron damage, etc. The present review highlights the role of major proteins and their physiological functions in the early diagnosis of AD. Altered protein expression results in cognitive impairment, synaptic dysfunction, neuronal degradation, and memory loss. On the medicinal ground, efforts of making anti-amyloid, anti-tau, anti-inflammatory treatments are on the peak, having these proteins as putative targets. Few proteins, e.g., Amyloid precursor protein results in the formation of non-soluble sticky Aβ40 and Aβ42 monomers that, over time, aggregate into plaques in the cortical and limbic brain areas and neurogranin is believed to regulate calcium-mediated signaling pathways and thus modulating synaptic plasticity are few putative and potential forthcoming targets for developing effective anti-AD therapies. These proteins may help to diagnose the disease early, bode well for the successful discovery and development of therapeutic and preventative regimens for this devasting public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Aditi Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Manish Kumar Asthana
- Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - H Lalhlenmawia
- Department of Pharmacy, Regional Institute of Paramedical and Nursing Sciences, Zemabawk, Aizawl, 796017, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, 176061, India
| | - Sanjib Bhattacharyya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Traditional Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173 229, India.
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van der Ende EL, Xiao M, Xu D, Poos JM, Panman JL, Jiskoot LC, Meeter LH, Dopper EG, Papma JM, Heller C, Convery R, Moore K, Bocchetta M, Neason M, Peakman G, Cash DM, Teunissen CE, Graff C, Synofzik M, Moreno F, Finger E, Sánchez-Valle R, Vandenberghe R, Laforce R, Masellis M, Tartaglia MC, Rowe JB, Butler CR, Ducharme S, Gerhard A, Danek A, Levin J, Pijnenburg YA, Otto M, Borroni B, Tagliavini F, de Mendonca A, Santana I, Galimberti D, Seelaar H, Rohrer JD, Worley PF, van Swieten JC. Neuronal pentraxin 2: a synapse-derived CSF biomarker in genetic frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:612-621. [PMID: 32273328 PMCID: PMC7279197 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-322493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Synapse dysfunction is emerging as an early pathological event in frontotemporal dementia (FTD), however biomarkers are lacking. We aimed to investigate the value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neuronal pentraxins (NPTXs), a family of proteins involved in homeostatic synapse plasticity, as novel biomarkers in genetic FTD. METHODS We included 106 presymptomatic and 54 symptomatic carriers of a pathogenic mutation in GRN, C9orf72 or MAPT, and 70 healthy non-carriers participating in the Genetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative (GENFI), all of whom had at least one CSF sample. We measured CSF concentrations of NPTX2 using an in-house ELISA, and NPTX1 and NPTX receptor (NPTXR) by Western blot. We correlated NPTX2 with corresponding clinical and neuroimaging datasets as well as with CSF neurofilament light chain (NfL) using linear regression analyses. RESULTS Symptomatic mutation carriers had lower NPTX2 concentrations (median 643 pg/mL, IQR (301-872)) than presymptomatic carriers (1003 pg/mL (624-1358), p<0.001) and non-carriers (990 pg/mL (597-1373), p<0.001) (corrected for age). Similar results were found for NPTX1 and NPTXR. Among mutation carriers, NPTX2 concentration correlated with several clinical disease severity measures, NfL and grey matter volume of the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes, insula and whole brain. NPTX2 predicted subsequent decline in phonemic verbal fluency and Clinical Dementia Rating scale plus FTD modules. In longitudinal CSF samples, available in 13 subjects, NPTX2 decreased around symptom onset and in the symptomatic stage. DISCUSSION We conclude that NPTX2 is a promising synapse-derived disease progression biomarker in genetic FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L van der Ende
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Meifang Xiao
- Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Desheng Xu
- Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Jackie M Poos
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jessica L Panman
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lize C Jiskoot
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lieke H Meeter
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elise Gp Dopper
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janne M Papma
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carolin Heller
- Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rhian Convery
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina Moore
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Bocchetta
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mollie Neason
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Georgia Peakman
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - David M Cash
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Caroline Graff
- Karolinska Institutet, Dept NVS, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Bioclinicum, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Hereditary Dementia, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fermin Moreno
- Department of Neurology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Finger
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Laforce
- Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire du CHU de Québec, Département des Sciences Neurologiques, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James B Rowe
- Cambridge University Centre for Frontotemporal Dementia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon Ducharme
- Montreal Neurological Institute and McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alex Gerhard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Divison of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Danek
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Yolande Al Pijnenburg
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Isabel Santana
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Harro Seelaar
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan D Rohrer
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul F Worley
- Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - John C van Swieten
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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