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Lin M, Zhang M, Yi B, Chen J, Wen S, Chen R, Chen T, Li Z. Emerging role of SENP1 in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1354323. [PMID: 38389923 PMCID: PMC10882314 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1354323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acting as a cysteine protease, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)/sentrin-specific protease1 (SENP1) involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes through processing the precursor SUMO protein into mature form and deSUMOylating target protein. It has been reported that SENP1 is highly expressed and plays a carcinogenic role in various cancers. In this paper, we mainly explore the function and mechanism of SENP1 in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, stemness, angiogenesis, metabolism and drug resistance. Furthermore, the research progress of SENP1 inhibitors for cancer treatment is introduced. This study aims to provide theoretical references for cancer therapy by targeting SENP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Bei Yi
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Jinchi Chen
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Siqi Wen
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Ruiqi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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Sudhakaran M, Navarrete TG, Mejía-Guerra K, Mukundi E, Eubank TD, Grotewold E, Arango D, Doseff AI. Transcriptome reprogramming through alternative splicing triggered by apigenin drives cell death in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:824. [PMID: 38092740 PMCID: PMC10719380 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by its aggressiveness and resistance to cancer-specific transcriptome alterations. Alternative splicing (AS) is a major contributor to the diversification of cancer-specific transcriptomes. The TNBC transcriptome landscape is characterized by aberrantly spliced isoforms that promote tumor growth and resistance, underscoring the need to identify approaches that reprogram AS circuitry towards transcriptomes, favoring a delay in tumorigenesis or responsiveness to therapy. We have previously shown that flavonoid apigenin is associated with splicing factors, including heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2 (hnRNPA2). Here, we showed that apigenin reprograms TNBC-associated AS transcriptome-wide. The AS events affected by apigenin were statistically enriched in hnRNPA2 substrates. Comparative transcriptomic analyses of human TNBC tumors and non-tumor tissues showed that apigenin can switch cancer-associated alternative spliced isoforms (ASI) to those found in non-tumor tissues. Apigenin preferentially affects the splicing of anti-apoptotic and proliferation factors, which are uniquely observed in cancer cells, but not in non-tumor cells. Apigenin switches cancer-associated aberrant ASI in vivo in TNBC xenograft mice by diminishing proliferation and increasing pro-apoptotic ASI. In accordance with these findings, apigenin increased apoptosis and reduced tumor proliferation, thereby halting TNBC growth in vivo. Our results revealed that apigenin reprograms transcriptome-wide TNBC-specific AS, thereby inducing apoptosis and hindering tumor growth. These findings underscore the impactful effects of nutraceuticals in altering cancer transcriptomes, offering new options to influence outcomes in TNBC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Sudhakaran
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Tatiana García Navarrete
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Eric Mukundi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Timothy D Eubank
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Erich Grotewold
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Daniel Arango
- Department of Pharmacology and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Andrea I Doseff
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Liu F, Chen S, Ming X, Li H, Zeng Z, Lv Y. Sortilin-induced lipid accumulation and atherogenesis are suppressed by HNF1b SUMOylation promoted by flavone of Polygonatum odoratum. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2023; 24:998-1013. [PMID: 37961802 PMCID: PMC10646395 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the impact of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1b) on macrophage sortilin-mediated lipid metabolism and aortic atherosclerosis and explore the role of the flavone of Polygonatum odoratum (PAOA-flavone)-promoted small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) modification in the atheroprotective efficacy of HNF1b. HNF1b was predicted to be a transcriptional regulator of sortilin expression via bioinformatics, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. HNF1b overexpression decreased sortilin expression and cellular lipid contents in THP-1 macrophages, leading to a depression in atherosclerotic plaque formation in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient (LDLR-/-) mice. Multiple SUMO1-modified sites were identified on the HNF1b protein and co-immunoprecipitation confirmed its SUMO1 modification. The SUMOylation of HNF1b protein enhanced the HNF1b-inhibited effect on sortilin expression and reduced lipid contents in macrophages. PAOA-flavone treatment promoted SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) expression and SAE1-catalyzed SUMOylation of the HNF1b protein, which prevented sortilin-mediated lipid accumulation in macrophages and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. Interference with SAE1 abrogated the improvement in lipid metabolism in macrophage cells and atheroprotective efficacy in vivo upon PAOA-flavone administration. In summary, HNF1b transcriptionally suppressed sortilin expression and macrophage lipid accumulation to inhibit aortic lipid deposition and the development of atherosclerosis. This anti-atherosclerotic effect was enhanced by PAOA-flavone-facilitated, SAE1-catalyzed SUMOylation of the HNF1b protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Shirui Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Xinyue Ming
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Zhaoming Zeng
- Hunan Mingshun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaodong 422800, China. ,
| | - Yuncheng Lv
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China.
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DEAD-box ATPases as regulators of biomolecular condensates and membrane-less organelles. Trends Biochem Sci 2023; 48:244-258. [PMID: 36344372 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
RNA-dependent DEAD-box ATPases (DDXs) are emerging as major regulators of RNA-containing membrane-less organelles (MLOs). On the one hand, oligomerizing DDXs can promote condensate formation 'in cis', often using RNA as a scaffold. On the other hand, DDXs can disrupt RNA-RNA and RNA-protein interactions and thereby 'in trans' remodel the multivalent interactions underlying MLO formation. In this review, we discuss the best studied examples of DDXs modulating MLOs in cis and in trans. Further, we illustrate how this contributes to the dynamic assembly and turnover of MLOs which might help cells to modulate RNA sequestration and processing in a temporal and spatial manner.
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Li H, Chen L, Li Y, Hou W. SUMO-specific protease 1 inhibitors-A literature and patent overview. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2022; 32:1207-1216. [PMID: 36631420 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2165910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is currently one of the biggest killers threatening human health. More and more studies have confirmed that SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1) is over-expressed in various cancer tissues. Therefore, targeting SENP1 expression may become a new strategy for tumor therapy. AREAS COVERED This review reports the latest advances in literature and patents on SENP1 inhibitor development over the past 10 years. With SENP1 as the keyword, articles and patents from PubMed, Google scholar and ScienceDirect databases were covered. EXPERT OPINION The available complex crystal structures of SENP1-SUMO1, afforded structure-based drug design opportunities, which led to the development of various isoform-selective small molecule inhibitors belonging to diverse classes (derivatives of benzamides, naphthalenesulfonic acids, pyridones, and the like). Preclinical studies have initially shown the potential advantages of these compounds, which have certain significance for the development of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Leyuan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenbin Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
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Wei J, Wang H, Zheng Q, Zhang J, Chen Z, Wang J, Ouyang L, Wang Y. Recent research and development of inhibitors targeting sentrin-specific protease 1 for the treatment of cancers. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 241:114650. [PMID: 35939992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)/sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1), is a cysteine protease that promotes SUMO maturation and deSUMOylation of target proteins and regulates transcription factors or co-regulatory factors to mediate gene transcription. Many studies have shown that SENP1 is the driving factor for a multitude of cancers including prostate cancer, liver cancer, and breast cancer. Inhibition of SENP1 activity has been proved to inhibit the survival, proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells, and increase their chemical and radiation sensitivity. Therefore, SENP1 is a promising anti-tumor target. At present, peptide inhibitors of SENP1 have entered clinical trials. Recently, many small molecule compounds and natural products were synthesized and identified as SENP1 inhibitors, and showed good tumor inhibitory activity in vitro and in vivo. This review summarizes the structure, physiological function, and role of SENP1 in tumorigenesis and development, focusing on the design and discovery of small molecule inhibitors of SENP1 from the perspective of medicinal chemistry, providing ideas for the development and research of small molecule inhibitors of SENP1 in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Wei
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Huijing Wang
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Qinwen Zheng
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) natural antiviral inhibitors: a review. Med Chem Res 2022; 31:2089-2102. [PMID: 36193545 PMCID: PMC9520115 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Viral diseases are the cause of many global epidemics, leading to deaths, affecting the quality of life of populations, and impairing public health. The limitations in the treatment of viral diseases and the constant resistance to conventional antiviral treatments encourage researchers to discover new compounds. In this perspective, this literature review presents isolated molecules and extracts of natural products capable of inhibiting the activity of the nonstructural protein that acts as the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The literature review presented natural compounds with the potential to be tested as alternative medicines or used in the development of synthetic drugs to prevent the replication of RNA viruses, such as COVID-19, hepatitis C, and dengue viruses, among others. Natural products are known to exhibit remarkable activities in mitigation of different viral diseases, in addition, they help to decrease the aggravation of infections. Consequently, reducing hospitalization time and deaths.
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DNA damage promotes HLA class I presentation by stimulating a pioneer round of translation-associated antigen production. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2557-2570.e7. [PMID: 35594857 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antigen presentation by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) on the cell surface is critical for the transduction of the immune signal toward cytotoxic T lymphocytes. DNA damage upregulates HLA class I presentation; however, the mechanism is unclear. Here, we show that DNA-damage-induced HLA (di-HLA) presentation requires an immunoproteasome, PSMB8/9/10, and antigen-transporter, TAP1/2, demonstrating that antigen production is essential. Furthermore, we show that di-HLA presentation requires ATR, AKT, mTORC1, and p70-S6K signaling. Notably, the depletion of CBP20, a factor initiating the pioneer round of translation (PRT) that precedes nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), abolishes di-HLA presentation, suggesting that di-antigen production requires PRT. RNA-seq analysis demonstrates that DNA damage reduces NMD transcripts in an ATR-dependent manner, consistent with the requirement for ATR in the initiation of PRT/NMD. Finally, bioinformatics analysis identifies that PRT-derived 9-mer peptides bind to HLA and are potentially immunogenic. Therefore, DNA damage signaling produces immunogenic antigens by utilizing the machinery of PRT/NMD.
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Raj V, Lee JH, Shim JJ, Lee J. Antiviral activities of 4H-chromen-4-one scaffold-containing flavonoids against SARS-CoV-2 using computational and in vitro approaches. J Mol Liq 2022; 353:118775. [PMID: 35194277 PMCID: PMC8849861 DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The widespread outbreak of the novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the main health challenge worldwide. This pandemic has attracted the attention of the research communities in various fields, prompting efforts to discover rapid drug molecules for the treatment of the life-threatening COVID-19 disease. This study is aimed at investigating 4H-chromen-4-one scaffold-containing flavonoids that combat the SARS-CoV-2 virus using computational and in vitro approaches. Virtual screening studies of the molecule's library for 4H-chromen-4-one scaffold were performed with the recently reported coronavirus main protease (Mpro, also called 3CLpro) because it plays an essential role in the maturation and processing of the viral polyprotein. Based on the virtual screening, the top hit molecules such as isoginkgetin and afzelin molecules were selected for further estimating in vitro antiviral efficacies against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells. Additionally, these molecules were also docked with RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRp) to reveal the ligands-protein molecular interaction. In the in vitro study, isoginkgetin showed remarkable inhibition potency against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, with an IC50 value of 22.81 μM, compared to remdesivir, chloroquine, and lopinavir with IC50 values of 7.18, 11.63, and 11.49 μM, respectively. Furthermore, the complex stability of isoginkgetin with an active binding pocket of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and RdRp supports its inhibitory potency against the SARS-CoV-2. Thus, isoginkgetin is a potent leading drug candidate and needs to be used in in vivo trials for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.
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Ilic VK, Egorova O, Tsang E, Gatto M, Wen Y, Zhao Y, Sheng Y. Hinokiflavone Inhibits MDM2 Activity by Targeting the MDM2-MDMX RING Domain. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050643. [PMID: 35625571 PMCID: PMC9138535 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The proto-oncogene MDM2 is frequently amplified in many human cancers and its overexpression is clinically associated with a poor prognosis. The oncogenic activity of MDM2 is demonstrated by its negative regulation of tumor suppressor p53 and the substrate proteins involved in DNA repair, cell cycle control, and apoptosis pathways. Thus, inhibition of MDM2 activity has been pursued as an attractive direction for the development of anti-cancer therapeutics. Virtual screening was performed using the crystal structure of the MDM2-MDMX RING domain dimer against a natural product library and identified a biflavonoid Hinokiflavone as a promising candidate compound targeting MDM2. Hinokiflavone was shown to bind the MDM2-MDMX RING domain and inhibit MDM2-mediated ubiquitination in vitro. Hinokiflavone treatment resulted in the downregulation of MDM2 and MDMX and induction of apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. Hinokiflavone demonstrated p53-dependent and -independent tumor-suppressive activity. This report provides biochemical and cellular evidence demonstrating the anti-cancer effects of Hinokiflavone through targeting the MDM2-MDMX RING domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria K. Ilic
- Department of Biology, York University, Room 327B Life Science Building, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.K.I.); (O.E.); (E.T.); (M.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Olga Egorova
- Department of Biology, York University, Room 327B Life Science Building, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.K.I.); (O.E.); (E.T.); (M.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ernest Tsang
- Department of Biology, York University, Room 327B Life Science Building, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.K.I.); (O.E.); (E.T.); (M.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Milena Gatto
- Department of Biology, York University, Room 327B Life Science Building, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.K.I.); (O.E.); (E.T.); (M.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yi Wen
- Department of Biology, York University, Room 327B Life Science Building, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.K.I.); (O.E.); (E.T.); (M.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yong Zhao
- Beijing Computing Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100094, China;
| | - Yi Sheng
- Department of Biology, York University, Room 327B Life Science Building, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (V.K.I.); (O.E.); (E.T.); (M.G.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 1-416-7362100 (ext. 33521)
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Qin X, Chen X, Guo L, Liu J, Yang Y, Zeng Y, Li C, Liu W, Ma W. Hinokiflavone induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and autophagy in chronic myeloid leukemia cells through MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:100. [PMID: 35387632 PMCID: PMC8988348 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative tumor originating from hematopoietic stem cells, and resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has become a major cause of treatment failure. Alternative drug therapy is one of the important ways to overcome TKI resistance. Hinokiflavone (HF) is a C-O-C type biflavonoid with low toxicity and antitumor activity. This study investigated the antitumor effect and possible mechanisms of HF in CML cells. Methods Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to assess protein expression levels. Results Our results showed that HF significantly inhibited the viability of K562 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and induced G2/M phase arrest by up-regulating p21 and down-regulating Cdc2 protein. Furthermore, HF induced caspase-dependent apoptosis by activating JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway and inhibiting NF-κB activity. In addition, HF induced autophagy by increasing LC3-II expression and p62 degradation. Pretreatment with CQ, a late autophagy inhibitor, significantly increased the levels of LC3-II and p62 proteins and promoted cell survival. Conclusion HF shows a good anti-leukemia effect and is expected to become a potential therapeutic drug for CML. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03580-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - You Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenzhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.
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Peng L, Qiu J, Liu L, Li X, Liu X, Zhang Y. Preparation of PEG/ZIF-8@HF drug delivery system for melanoma treatment via oral administration. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1075-1085. [PMID: 35373691 PMCID: PMC8986218 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2058649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the highly malignant tumors whose incidence and fatality rates have been increased year by year. However, in addition to early surgical resection, there still lacks specific targeted drugs and treatment strategies. In this study, it was discovered that hinokiflavone (HF) encapsulated in zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) exhibited a superior anti-melanoma effect in vitro and in vivo. HF was encapsulated in ZIF-8 through a one-step synthesis method, and polyethylene glycol (PEG-2000) was used to optimize the size and dispersion of the drug-loaded complex (PEG/ZIF-8@HF). The results show that the prepared PEG/ZIF-8@HF has a high encapsulation efficiency (92.12%) and can achieve selective drug release in an acidic microenvironment. The results of in vitro anti-melanoma experiments indicate that PEG/ZIF-8@HF shows up-regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and can restrain the migration and invasion of B16F10 cells. Moreover, in vivo animal experiments further confirm that PEG/ZIF-8@HF shows anti-tumor effect by up-regulating the pro-apoptotic proteins caspase-3 and caspase-8, and down-regulating the migration-promoting invasion protein MMP-9. This study developed a safe and effective oral administration of HF based on the high-efficiency delivery ZIF-8 system, which provides an effective treatment strategy for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Peng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Qiu
- The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lidan Liu
- The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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13
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Zhang S, Wang Y, Sun Y, Zhao G, Wang J, Liu L, Liu F, Wang P, Yang J, Xu X. Hinokiflavone, as a MDM2 inhibitor, activates p53 signaling pathway to induce apoptosis in human colon cancer HCT116 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 594:93-100. [PMID: 35078113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hinokiflavone (HF), a natural biflavonoid that possesses various biological activities, has reported that HF could be a pre-mRNA splicing modulator, whereas its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, we identified HF as a potential MDM2 inhibitor. What's more, we found that HF suppressed mdm2 mRNA synthesis at the transcriptional level. Then, this MDM2 inhibition led in turn to increase p53 protein expression and activate p53 pathway, which could decrease the survival of HCT116 colon cells by G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis induction. Then, bioinformatics suggested that ESR1 was a predicted and potential target of HF. Finally, we used molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation to demonstrate the binding patterns of HF and ESR1. To sum up, our study unearthed that HF was a feasible agent for MDM2 inhibitor through down-regulating mdm2 RNA level and activating p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zhang
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Guangjian Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jinbo Yang
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China; Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China; Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China; Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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14
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Goossens JF, Goossens L, Bailly C. Hinokiflavone and Related C-O-C-Type Biflavonoids as Anti-cancer Compounds: Properties and Mechanism of Action. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:365-377. [PMID: 33534099 PMCID: PMC7856339 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-021-00298-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Biflavonoids are divided in two classes: C-C type compounds represented by the dimeric compound amentoflavone and C-O-C-type compounds typified by hinokiflavone (HNK) with an ether linkage between the two connected apigenin units. This later sub-group of bisflavonyl ethers includes HNK, ochnaflavone, delicaflavone and a few other dimeric compounds, found in a variety of plants, notably Selaginella species. A comprehensive review of the anticancer properties and mechanism of action of HNK is provided, to highlight the anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic activities of HNK and derivatives, and HNK-containing plant extracts. The anticancer effects rely on the capacity of HNK to interfere with the ERK1-2/p38/NFκB signaling pathway and the regulation of the expression of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 (with a potential direct binding to MMP-9). In addition, HNK was found to function as a potent modulator of pre-mRNA splicing, inhibiting the SUMO-specific protease SENP1. As such, HNK represents a rare SENP1 inhibitor of natural origin and a scaffold to design synthetic compounds. Oral formulations of HNK have been elaborated to enhance its solubility, to facilitate the compound delivery and to enhance its anticancer efficacy. The review shed light on the anticancer potential of C-O-C-type biflavonoids and specifically on the pharmacological profile of HNK. This compound deserves further attention as a regulator of pre-mRNA splicing, useful to treat cancers (in particular hepatocellular carcinoma) and other human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Goossens
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Laurence Goossens
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, 59000, Lille, France
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15
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Biology of the mRNA Splicing Machinery and Its Dysregulation in Cancer Providing Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105110. [PMID: 34065983 PMCID: PMC8150589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) processing—in particular mRNA splicing—is a hallmark of cancer. Compared to normal cells, cancer cells frequently present aberrant mRNA splicing, which promotes cancer progression and treatment resistance. This hallmark provides opportunities for developing new targeted cancer treatments. Splicing of precursor mRNA into mature mRNA is executed by a dynamic complex of proteins and small RNAs called the spliceosome. Spliceosomes are part of the supraspliceosome, a macromolecular structure where all co-transcriptional mRNA processing activities in the cell nucleus are coordinated. Here we review the biology of the mRNA splicing machinery in the context of other mRNA processing activities in the supraspliceosome and present current knowledge of its dysregulation in lung cancer. In addition, we review investigations to discover therapeutic targets in the spliceosome and give an overview of inhibitors and modulators of the mRNA splicing process identified so far. Together, this provides insight into the value of targeting the spliceosome as a possible new treatment for lung cancer.
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16
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Keiten-Schmitz J, Röder L, Hornstein E, Müller-McNicoll M, Müller S. SUMO: Glue or Solvent for Phase-Separated Ribonucleoprotein Complexes and Molecular Condensates? Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:673038. [PMID: 34026847 PMCID: PMC8138125 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.673038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial organization of cellular processes in membranous or membrane-less organelles (MLOs, alias molecular condensates) is a key concept for compartmentalizing biochemical pathways. Prime examples of MLOs are the nucleolus, PML nuclear bodies, nuclear splicing speckles or cytosolic stress granules. They all represent distinct sub-cellular structures typically enriched in intrinsically disordered proteins and/or RNA and are formed in a process driven by liquid-liquid phase separation. Several MLOs are critically involved in proteostasis and their formation, disassembly and composition are highly sensitive to proteotoxic insults. Changes in the dynamics of MLOs are a major driver of cell dysfunction and disease. There is growing evidence that post-translational modifications are critically involved in controlling the dynamics and composition of MLOs and recent evidence supports an important role of the ubiquitin-like SUMO system in regulating both the assembly and disassembly of these structures. Here we will review our current understanding of SUMO function in MLO dynamics under both normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Keiten-Schmitz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Linda Röder
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Eran Hornstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michaela Müller-McNicoll
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Müller
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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17
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Splicing reprogramming of TRAIL/DISC-components sensitizes lung cancer cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:287. [PMID: 33731677 PMCID: PMC7969956 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selective killing of cancer cells underlines its anticancer potential. However, poor tolerability and resistance underscores the need to identify cancer-selective TRAIL-sensitizing agents. Apigenin, a dietary flavonoid, sensitizes lung cancer cell lines to TRAIL. It remains unknown, however, whether apigenin sensitizes primary lung cancer cells to TRAIL and its underlying mechanisms. Here we show that apigenin reprograms alternative splicing of key TRAIL/death-inducing-signaling-complex (DISC) components: TRAIL Death Receptor 5 (DR5) and cellular-FLICE-inhibitory-protein (c-FLIP) by interacting with the RNA-binding proteins hnRNPA2 and MSI2, resulting in increased DR5 and decreased c-FLIPS protein levels, enhancing TRAIL-induced apoptosis of primary lung cancer cells. In addition, apigenin directly bound heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), promoting TRAIL/DISC assembly and triggering apoptosis. Our findings reveal that apigenin directs alternative splicing and inhibits Hsp70 enhancing TRAIL anticancer activity. These findings underscore impactful synergies between diet and cancer treatments opening new avenues for improved cancer treatments.
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18
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Menezes JCJMDS, Diederich MF. Bioactivity of natural biflavonoids in metabolism-related disease and cancer therapies. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105525. [PMID: 33667686 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural biflavonoids, such as amentoflavone, bilobetin, ginkgetin, isoginkgetin, taiwaniaflavone, morelloflavone, delicaflavone, hinokiflavone, and other derivatives (~ 40 biflavonoids), are isolated from Selaginella sp., Ginkgo biloba, Garcinia sp., and several other species of plants. They are able to exert therapeutic benefits by regulating several proteins/enzymes (PPAR-γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α [C/EBPα], STAT5, pancreatic lipase, PTP1B, fatty acid synthase, α-glucosidase [AG]) and insulin signaling pathways (via PI3K-AKT), which are linked to metabolism, cell growth, and cell survival mechanisms. Deregulated insulin signaling can cause complications of obesity and diabetes, which can lead to cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and dementia; therefore, the therapeutic benefits of these biflavones in these areas are highlighted. Since biflavonoids have shown potential to regulate metabolism, growth- and survival-related protein/enzymes, their relation to tumor growth and metastasis of cancer associated with angiogenesis are highlighted. The translational role of biflavones in cancer with respect to the inhibition of metabolism-related processes/pathways, enzymes, or proteins, such as STAT3/SHP-1/PTEN, kinesins, tissue kallikreins, aromatase, estrogen, protein modifiers, antioxidant, autophagy, and apoptosis induction mechanisms, are discussed. Finally, considering their observed bioactivity potential, oral bioavailability studies of biflavones and related clinical trials are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C J M D S Menezes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan
| | - Marc F Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
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19
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Schneider-Poetsch T, Chhipi-Shrestha JK, Yoshida M. Splicing modulators: on the way from nature to clinic. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:603-616. [PMID: 34345042 PMCID: PMC8472923 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the course of more than two decades, natural products isolated from various microorganisms and plants have built the foundation for chemical biology research into the mechanism of pre-mRNA splicing. Hand in hand with advances in scientific methodology small molecule splicing modulators have become powerful tools for investigating, not just the splicing mechanism, but also the cellular effect of altered mRNA processing. Based on thorough structure-activity studies, synthetic analogues have moved on from scientific tool compounds to experimental drugs. With current advances in drug discovery methodology and new means of attacking targets previously thought undruggable, we can expect further advances in both research and therapeutics based on small molecule splicing modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Schneider-Poetsch
- grid.509461.fChemical Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama Japan
| | | | - Minoru Yoshida
- grid.509461.fChemical Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XCollaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
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20
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Mu W, Cheng X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Lv Q, Liu G, Zhang J, Li X. Hinokiflavone induces apoptosis via activating mitochondrial ROS/JNK/caspase pathway and inhibiting NF-κB activity in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8151-8165. [PMID: 32519392 PMCID: PMC7348176 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignancy with limited treatment options. Hinokiflavone (HF), a natural biflavonoid, has shown to inhibit the proliferation of melanoma, whereas its antitumour effect against HCC and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we aimed at evaluating its antitumour effect against HCC in both in vitro and in vivo. Cell counting kit 8, colony formation assay, PI/RNase staining and Western blotting revealed that HF inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells via G0/G1 cell cycle arrest with p21/p53 up-regulation. DAPI staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and Western blotting confirmed that HF triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, HF increased the levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, as measured by MitoSOX Red staining and Western blotting. After respectively inhibiting mtROS (Mito-TEMPO) and JNK (SP600125), HF-induced apoptosis was reversed. Additionally, Western blotting documented that HF suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity and the anti-apoptotic genes downstream, contributing to cell apoptosis. Finally, in vivo studies demonstrated that HF significantly impaired tumour growth in HCC xenograft. Collectively, these findings suggested that HF induced apoptosis through activating mtROS/JNK/caspase pathway and inhibiting NF-κB signalling, which may represent a novel therapeutic agent for treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai engineering research center of precise diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefang Cheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianzhou Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaolin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai engineering research center of precise diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jigang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Lian H, Wang A, Shen Y, Wang Q, Zhou Z, Zhang R, Li K, Liu C, Jia H. Identification of novel alternative splicing isoform biomarkers and their association with overall survival in colorectal cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:171. [PMID: 32503434 PMCID: PMC7275609 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternative splicing (AS) is an important mechanism of regulating eukaryotic gene expression. Understanding the most common AS events in colorectal cancer (CRC) will help developing diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic tools in CRC. METHODS Publicly available RNA-seq data of 28 pairs of CRC and normal tissues and 18 pairs of metastatic and normal tissues were used to identify AS events using PSI and DEXSeq methods. RESULT The highly significant splicing events were used to search a database of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We identified AS events in 9 genes in CRC (more inclusion of CLK1-E4, COL6A3-E6, CD44v8-10, alternative first exon regulation of ARHGEF9, CHEK1, HKDC1 and HNF4A) or metastasis (decrease of SERPINA1-E1a, CALD-E5b, E6). Except for CHEK1, all other 8 splicing events were confirmed by TCGA data with 382 CRC tumors and 51 normal controls. The combination of three splicing events was used to build a logistic regression model that can predict sample type (CRC or normal) with near perfect performance (AUC = 1). Two splicing events (COL6A3 and HKDC1) were found to be significantly associated with patient overall survival. The AS features of the 9 genes are highly consistent with previous reports and/or relevant to cancer biology. CONCLUSIONS The significant association of higher expression of the COL6A3 E5-E6 junction and HKDC1 E1-E2 with better overall survival was firstly reported. This study might be of significant value in the future biomarker, prognosis marker and therapeutics development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital (BMUH), No. 662 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital (BMUH), No. 662 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital (BMUH), No. 662 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tianjia Genomes Tech CO., LTD., Anhui Chaohu Economic Develop Zone, No. 6 Longquan Road, Hefei, 238014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenru Zhou
- Tianjia Genomes Tech CO., LTD., Anhui Chaohu Economic Develop Zone, No. 6 Longquan Road, Hefei, 238014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital (BMUH), No. 662 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital (BMUH), No. 662 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxia Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital (BMUH), No. 662 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongtao Jia
- Tianjia Genomes Tech CO., LTD., Anhui Chaohu Economic Develop Zone, No. 6 Longquan Road, Hefei, 238014, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Fujita KI, Ishizuka T, Mitsukawa M, Kurata M, Masuda S. Regulating Divergent Transcriptomes through mRNA Splicing and Its Modulation Using Various Small Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062026. [PMID: 32188117 PMCID: PMC7139312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human transcriptomes are more divergent than genes and contribute to the sophistication of life. This divergence is derived from various isoforms arising from alternative splicing. In addition, alternative splicing regulated by spliceosomal factors and RNA structures, such as the RNA G-quadruplex, is important not only for isoform diversity but also for regulating gene expression. Therefore, abnormal splicing leads to serious diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. In the first part of this review, we describe the regulation of divergent transcriptomes using alternative mRNA splicing. In the second part, we present the relationship between the disruption of splicing and diseases. Recently, various compounds with splicing inhibitor activity were established. These splicing inhibitors are recognized as a biological tool to investigate the molecular mechanism of splicing and as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. Food-derived compounds with similar functions were found and are expected to exhibit anticancer effects. In the final part, we describe the compounds that modulate the messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing process and their availability for basic research and future clinical potential.
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23
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Hutten S, Dormann D. Nucleocytoplasmic transport defects in neurodegeneration — Cause or consequence? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 99:151-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Hochberg-Laufer H, Neufeld N, Brody Y, Nadav-Eliyahu S, Ben-Yishay R, Shav-Tal Y. Availability of splicing factors in the nucleoplasm can regulate the release of mRNA from the gene after transcription. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008459. [PMID: 31765392 PMCID: PMC6901260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression dynamics can be measured in single living cells. Using a detectable transcriptionally active gene in living cells, we previously found that an mRNA undergoing several splicing events was retained at this gene after transcription until completion of mRNA processing. To determine the reason for this delay in release and whether mRNA retention on the gene might depend on splicing factor availability, we modulated the levels of splicing factors in the nucleus. Increasing the abundance of the diffusing fraction of splicing factors by their overexpression or by Clk1 kinase overexpression to disassemble nuclear speckles, led to a reduction in splicing factor residence times on the active gene, and the retained mRNA was rapidly released from the gene. Other treatments such as overexpression of a mutant inactive Clk1, the downregulation of MALAT1 lncRNA or of the Son protein, or the overexpression of the splicing factor import factor TNPO3, did not affect the dynamics of mRNA release from the gene. We found that the faster release of the mRNA from the gene mediated by increased availability of splicing factors, was dependent on the RS domain of the splicing factors and its phosphorylation state. We propose that the relative abundancies of splicing factors in the nucleoplasm can affect their availability for the splicing events taking place, and regulate the kinetics of mRNA release from the gene after processing. Genetic information is contained in the cell nucleus and encodes proteins. However, protein production takes place in the cytoplasm, and so a molecule is needed to connect between the nucleus and cytoplasm. This messenger molecule is called messenger RNA (mRNA). It is produced and copied from the DNA, and after some processing will travel to the cytoplasm to encode proteins. This study focuses on the timing of mRNA release from the gene after it is copied from the DNA. Processing of mRNA includes the removal of some of its pieces and the stitching back of the remaining parts. This is called splicing. We found that mRNAs undergoing many splicing events are retained on the gene until splicing has completed, and examined what is the cause for this delay. We found that the factors performing the splicing might be limiting the process if their levels are not high enough at the gene locus. By increasing splicing factor levels in the nucleus we show that their abundance increases the rate at which mRNA is released. This means that the cell can regulate gene expression rates by limiting the availability of splicing factors that are free to take part in the processing of mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hodaya Hochberg-Laufer
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Noa Neufeld
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yehuda Brody
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shani Nadav-Eliyahu
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Rakefet Ben-Yishay
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yaron Shav-Tal
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- * E-mail:
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25
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Kurata M, Fujiwara N, Fujita KI, Yamanaka Y, Seno S, Kobayashi H, Miyamae Y, Takahashi N, Shibuya Y, Masuda S. Food-Derived Compounds Apigenin and Luteolin Modulate mRNA Splicing of Introns with Weak Splice Sites. iScience 2019; 22:336-352. [PMID: 31809999 PMCID: PMC6909097 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells often exhibit extreme sensitivity to splicing inhibitors. We identified food-derived flavonoids, apigenin and luteolin, as compounds that modulate mRNA splicing at the genome-wide level, followed by proliferation inhibition. They bind to mRNA splicing-related proteins to induce a widespread change of splicing patterns in treated cells. Their inhibitory activity on splicing is relatively moderate, and introns with weak splice sites tend to be sensitive to them. Such introns remain unspliced, and the resulting intron-containing mRNAs are retained in the nucleus, resulting in the nuclear accumulation of poly(A)+ RNAs in these flavonoid-treated cells. Tumorigenic cells are more susceptible to these flavonoids than nontumorigenic cells, both for the nuclear poly(A)+ RNA-accumulating phenotype and cell viability. This study illustrates the possible mechanism of these flavonoids to suppress tumor progression in vivo that were demonstrated by previous studies and provides the potential of daily intake of moderate splicing inhibitors to prevent cancer development. Food-derived compounds, apigenin and luteolin, modulate mRNA splicing The treatment of these flavonoids causes numerous alternative splicing events Splicing of introns with weak splice sites tend to be inhibited by these flavonoids Tumorigenic cells are more sensitive to these flavonoids than non-tumorigenic cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kurata
- Division of Integrated Life Sciences, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Naoko Fujiwara
- Division of Integrated Life Sciences, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Fujita
- Division of Integrated Life Sciences, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Yamanaka
- Division of Integrated Life Sciences, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeto Seno
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hisato Kobayashi
- NODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yusaku Miyamae
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shibuya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Seiji Masuda
- Division of Integrated Life Sciences, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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26
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Hochberg-Laufer H, Schwed-Gross A, Neugebauer KM, Shav-Tal Y. Uncoupling of nucleo-cytoplasmic RNA export and localization during stress. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:4778-4797. [PMID: 30864659 PMCID: PMC6511838 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells contain sub-cellular compartments that are not membrane bound. Some structures are always present, such as nuclear speckles that contain RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and poly(A)+ RNAs. Others, like cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) that harbor mRNAs and RBPs, are induced upon stress. When we examined the formation and composition of nuclear speckles during stress induction with tubercidin, an adenosine analogue previously shown to affect nuclear speckle composition, we unexpectedly found that it also led to the formation of SGs and to the inhibition of several crucial steps of RNA metabolism in cells, thereby serving as a potent inhibitor of the gene expression pathway. Although transcription and splicing persisted under this stress, RBPs and mRNAs were mislocalized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Specifically, lncRNA and RBP localization to nuclear speckles was disrupted, exon junction complex (EJC) recruitment to mRNA was reduced, mRNA export was obstructed, and cytoplasmic poly(A)+ RNAs localized in SGs. Furthermore, nuclear proteins that participate in mRNA export, such as nucleoporins and mRNA export adaptors, were mislocalized to SGs. This study reveals structural aspects of granule assembly in cells, and describes how the flow of RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is severed under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hodaya Hochberg-Laufer
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Avital Schwed-Gross
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Karla M Neugebauer
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yaron Shav-Tal
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences & Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
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27
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Chen MX, Wijethunge BDIK, Zhou SM, Yang JF, Dai L, Wang SS, Chen C, Fu LJ, Zhang J, Hao GF, Yang GF. Chemical Modulation of Alternative Splicing for Molecular-Target Identification by Potential Genetic Control in Agrochemical Research. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5072-5084. [PMID: 30986354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS), the process of removing introns from pre-mRNA and the rearrangement of exons to produce several types of mature transcripts, is a remarkable step preceding protein synthesis. In particular, it has now been conclusively shown that up to ∼95% of genes are alternatively spliced to generate a complex and diverse proteome in eukaryotic organisms. Consequently, AS is one of the determinants of the functional repertoire of cells. Many studies have revealed that AS in plants can be regulated by cell type, developmental stage, environmental stress, and the circadian clock. Moreover, increasing amounts of evidence reveal that chemical compounds can affect various steps during splicing to induce major effects on plant physiology. Hence, the chemical modulation of AS can serve as a good strategy for molecular-target identification in attempts to potentially control plant genetics. However, the kind of mechanisms involved in the chemical modulation of AS that can be used in agrochemical research remain largely unknown. This review introduces recent studies describing the specific roles AS plays in plant adaptation to environmental stressors and in the regulation of development. We also discuss recent advances in small molecules that induce alterations of AS and the possibility of using this strategy in agrochemical-target identification, giving a new direction for potential genetic control in agrochemical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Xian Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering; Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , PR China
- Division of Gastroenterology , Shenzhen Children's Hospital , Shenzhen 518038 , PR China
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , PR China
- School of Life Sciences and Shenzhen Research Institute , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518063 , PR China
| | - Boyagane D I K Wijethunge
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , PR China
| | - Shao-Ming Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology , Shenzhen Children's Hospital , Shenzhen 518038 , PR China
| | - Jing-Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , PR China
| | - Lei Dai
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , PR China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Shenzhen Research Institute , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518063 , PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Second Hospital , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210003 , PR China
| | - Li-Jun Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology-Toxicological Effects & Control for Emerging Contaminants , Putian University , Putian , Fujian 351100 , PR China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong , PR China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering; Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , PR China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , PR China
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28
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Pozzi B, Mammi P, Bragado L, Giono LE, Srebrow A. When SUMO met splicing. RNA Biol 2018; 15:689-695. [PMID: 29741121 PMCID: PMC6152442 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2018.1457936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spliceosomal proteins have been revealed as SUMO conjugation targets. Moreover, we have reported that many of these are in a SUMO-conjugated form when bound to a pre-mRNA substrate during a splicing reaction. We demonstrated that SUMOylation of Prp3 (PRPF3), a component of the U4/U6 di-snRNP, is required for U4/U6•U5 tri-snRNP formation and/or recruitment to active spliceosomes. Expanding upon our previous results, we have shown that the splicing factor SRSF1 stimulates SUMO conjugation to several spliceosomal proteins. Given the relevance of the splicing process, as well as the complex and dynamic nature of its governing machinery, the spliceosome, the molecular mechanisms that modulate its function represent an attractive topic of research. We posit that SUMO conjugation could represent a way of modulating spliceosome assembly and thus, splicing efficiency. How cycles of SUMOylation/de-SUMOylation of spliceosomal proteins become integrated throughout the highly choreographed spliceosomal cycle awaits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Pozzi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA- CONICET); Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Mammi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA- CONICET); Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laureano Bragado
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA- CONICET); Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana E. Giono
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA- CONICET); Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anabella Srebrow
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA- CONICET); Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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