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Gao W, Zhou J, Morshedi M. MicroRNA-34 and gastrointestinal cancers: a player with big functions. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:163. [PMID: 38725047 PMCID: PMC11084024 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03338-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
It is commonly assumed that gastrointestinal cancer is the most common form of cancer across the globe and is the leading contributor to cancer-related death. The intricate mechanisms underlying the growth of GI cancers have been identified. It is worth mentioning that both non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and certain types of RNA, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs), can have considerable impact on the development of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. As a tumour suppressor, in the group of short non-coding regulatory RNAs is miR-34a. miR-34a silences multiple proto-oncogenes at the post-transcriptional stage by targeting them, which inhibits all physiologically relevant cell proliferation pathways. However, it has been discovered that deregulation of miR-34a plays important roles in the growth of tumors and the development of cancer, including invasion, metastasis, and the tumor-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further understanding of miR-34a's molecular pathways in cancer is also necessary for the development of precise diagnoses and effective treatments. We outlined the most recent research on miR-34a functions in GI cancers in this review. Additionally, we emphasize the significance of exosomal miR-34 in gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Mohammadamin Morshedi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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2
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Xu SJ, Chen JH, Chang S, Li HL. The role of miRNAs in T helper cell development, activation, fate decisions and tumor immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1320305. [PMID: 38264670 PMCID: PMC10803515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1320305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
T helper (Th) cells are central members of adaptive immunity and comprise the last line of defense against pathogen infection and malignant cell invasion by secreting specific cytokines. These cytokines then attract or induce the activation and differentiation of other immune cells, including antibody-producing B cells and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Therefore, the bidirectional communication between Th cells and tumor cells and their positioning within the tumor microenvironment (TME), especially the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), sculpt the tumor immune landscape, which affects disease initiation and progression. The type, number, and condition of Th cells in the TME and TIME strongly affect tumor immunity, which is precisely regulated by key effectors, such as granzymes, perforins, cytokines, and chemokines. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of Th cells. In this review, we discuss the role of miRNAs in regulating Th cell mediated adaptive immunity, focusing on the development, activation, fate decisions, and tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jun Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Medical Device Engineering Research Center of Interventional Therapy for Non-vascular Tumors, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jin-Hua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hai-Liang Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Medical Device Engineering Research Center of Interventional Therapy for Non-vascular Tumors, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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3
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Mezghiche I, Yahia-Cherbal H, Rogge L, Bianchi E. Interleukin 23 receptor: Expression and regulation in immune cells. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2250348. [PMID: 37837262 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The importance of IL-23 and its specific receptor, IL-23R, in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory diseases has been established, but the underlying pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. This review focuses on IL-23R expression and regulation in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lars Rogge
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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4
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Kim HW, Ko MK, Park SH, Hwang SY, Kim DH, Park SY, Ko YJ, Kim SM, Park JH, Lee MJ. Dectin-1 signaling coordinates innate and adaptive immunity for potent host defense against viral infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1194502. [PMID: 37334361 PMCID: PMC10272586 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1194502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most commercial foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines have various disadvantages, such as low antibody titers, short-lived effects, compromised host defense, and questionable safety. Objectives To address these shortcomings, we present a novel FMD vaccine containing Dectin-1 agonist, β-D-glucan, as an immunomodulatory adjuvant. The proposed vaccine was developed to effectively coordinate innate and adaptive immunity for potent host defense against viral infection. Methods We demonstrated β-D-glucan mediated innate and adaptive immune responses in mice and pigs in vitro and in vivo. The expressions of pattern recognition receptors, cytokines, transcription factors, and co-stimulatory molecules were promoted via FMD vaccine containing β-D-glucan. Results β-D-glucan elicited a robust cellular immune response and early, mid-, and long-term immunity. Moreover, it exhibited potent host defense by modulating host's innate and adaptive immunity. Conclusion Our study provides a promising approach to overcoming the limitations of conventional FMD vaccines. Based on the proposed vaccine's safety and efficacy, it represents a breakthrough among next-generation FMD vaccines.
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Novoa Díaz MB, Carriere P, Gentili C. How the interplay among the tumor microenvironment and the gut microbiota influences the stemness of colorectal cancer cells. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:281-301. [PMID: 37342226 PMCID: PMC10277969 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most prevalent cancer disease and involves a multi-step process in which intestinal cells acquire malignant characteristics. It is well established that the appearance of distal metastasis in CRC patients is the cause of a poor prognosis and treatment failure. Nevertheless, in the last decades, CRC aggressiveness and progression have been attributed to a specific cell population called CRC stem cells (CCSC) with features like tumor initiation capacity, self-renewal capacity, and acquired multidrug resistance. Emerging data highlight the concept of this cell subtype as a plastic entity that has a dynamic status and can be originated from different types of cells through genetic and epigenetic changes. These alterations are modulated by complex and dynamic crosstalk with environmental factors by paracrine signaling. It is known that in the tumor niche, different cell types, structures, and biomolecules coexist and interact with cancer cells favoring cancer growth and development. Together, these components constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME). Most recently, researchers have also deepened the influence of the complex variety of microorganisms that inhabit the intestinal mucosa, collectively known as gut microbiota, on CRC. Both TME and microorganisms participate in inflammatory processes that can drive the initiation and evolution of CRC. Since in the last decade, crucial advances have been made concerning to the synergistic interaction among the TME and gut microorganisms that condition the identity of CCSC, the data exposed in this review could provide valuable insights into the biology of CRC and the development of new targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Novoa Díaz
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Carriere
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Gentili
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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6
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SONOYAMA K, OHSAKA F. Role of microRNAs in the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and intestinal immune system. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 42:222-228. [PMID: 37791343 PMCID: PMC10542430 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2023-027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA species involved in diverse physiological processes, including immunity. Accumulating evidence suggests that miRNA-induced gene silencing plays a significant role in the regulation of the intestinal immune system by the gut commensal microbiota. This review aims to provide an overview of the intestinal miRNA-mediated crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the host intestinal immune system. First, we describe the role of miRNAs in regulating the intestinal immune system. Then we describe the effect of the gut microbiota on intestinal miRNA expression. Subsequently, we describe the role of miRNAs in the modulation of the intestinal immune system by the gut microbiota. Finally, we describe the effect of host miRNAs on the gut microbiota. Although the entire picture of this complex crosstalk remains unclear, efforts to unravel it will contribute significantly to developing new strategies for preventing and treating intestinal immune disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei SONOYAMA
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9,
Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Fumina OHSAKA
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9,
Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
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7
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Jiang P, Zheng C, Xiang Y, Malik S, Su D, Xu G, Zhang M. The involvement of TH17 cells in the pathogenesis of IBD. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 69:28-42. [PMID: 35871978 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still unclear. Immune dysfunction may play a key role in the pathogenesis of IBD, in which the role of CD4+ T helper (Th) cells is particularly important. Th17 cells are a major component of CD4+ T cells, and their differentiation is regulated by a variety of extracellular signals, transcription factors, RNA, and posttranslational modifications. Th17 cells specifically produce IL-17 and play an important role in the protection of mucous membranes and epithelial tissues against infection by extracellular microbes. However, when immune regulation is dysfunctional, Th17 cells abnormally proliferate and produce large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines that can recruit other inflammatory cells, which together induce abnormal immune responses and result in the development of many autoimmune diseases. In recent years, studies have confirmed that Th17 cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBD, which makes it a possible target for IBD therapy. This article reviews the recent progress of Th17 cells involved in the pathogenesis of IBD and its targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chang Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Sara Malik
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Dan Su
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies, Watertown 02472, MA, USA
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200001, China.
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8
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Nikolaieva N, Sevcikova A, Omelka R, Martiniakova M, Mego M, Ciernikova S. Gut Microbiota-MicroRNA Interactions in Intestinal Homeostasis and Cancer Development. Microorganisms 2022; 11:microorganisms11010107. [PMID: 36677399 PMCID: PMC9867529 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-clinical models and clinical studies highlight the significant impact of the host-microbiota relationship on cancer development and treatment, supporting the emerging trend for a microbiota-based approach in clinical oncology. Importantly, the presence of polymorphic microbes is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer. The epigenetic regulation of gene expression by microRNAs affects crucial biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and cell death. Recent evidence has documented the existence of bidirectional gut microbiota-microRNA interactions that play a critical role in intestinal homeostasis. Importantly, alterations in microRNA-modulated gene expression are known to be associated with inflammatory responses and dysbiosis in gastrointestinal disorders. In this review, we summarize the current findings about miRNA expression in the intestine and focus on specific gut microbiota-miRNA interactions linked to intestinal homeostasis, the immune system, and cancer development. We discuss the potential clinical utility of fecal miRNA profiling as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in colorectal cancer, and demonstrate how the emerging trend of gut microbiota modulation, together with the use of personalized microRNA therapeutics, might bring improvements in outcomes for patients with gastrointestinal cancer in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Nikolaieva
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Aneta Sevcikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radoslav Omelka
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Monika Martiniakova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Michal Mego
- National Cancer Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sona Ciernikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-02-3229519
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9
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MicroRNA-34a, Prostate Cancer Stem Cells, and Therapeutic Development. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184538. [PMID: 36139695 PMCID: PMC9497236 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly heterogeneous disease and typically presents with multiple distinct cancer foci. Heterogeneity in androgen receptor (AR) expression levels in PCa has been observed for decades, from untreated tumors to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) to disseminated metastases. Current standard-of-care therapies for metastatic CRPC can only extend life by a few months. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a subpopulation of cancer cells that exists in almost all treatment-naive tumors. Additionally, non-CSCs may undergo cellular plasticity to be reprogrammed to prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) during spontaneous tumor progression or upon therapeutic treatments. Consequently, PCSCs may become the predominant population in treatment-resistant tumors, and the "root cause" for drug resistance. microRNA-34a (miR-34a) is a bona fide tumor-suppressive miRNA, and its expression is dysregulated in PCa. Importantly, miR-34a functions as a potent CSC suppressor by targeting many molecules essential for CSC survival and functions, which makes it a promising anti-PCSC therapeutic. Here, we conducted a comprehensive literature survey of miR-34a in the context of PCa and especially PCSCs. We provided an updated overview on the mechanisms of miR-34a regulation followed by discussing its tumor suppressive functions in PCa. Finally, based on current advances in miR-34a preclinical studies in PCa, we offered potential delivery strategies for miR-34a-based therapeutics for treating advanced PCa.
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10
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Chen Y, Feng Y, Yan F, Zhao Y, Zhao H, Guo Y. A Novel Immune-Related Gene Signature to Identify the Tumor Microenvironment and Prognose Disease Among Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Using ssGSEA: A Bioinformatics and Biological Validation Study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:922195. [PMID: 35935989 PMCID: PMC9351622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.922195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most invasive oral malignancy in adults and is associated with a poor prognosis. Accurate prognostic models are urgently needed, however, knowledge of the probable mechanisms behind OSCC tumorigenesis and prognosis remain limited. The clinical importance of the interplay between the immune system and tumor microenvironment has become increasingly evident. This study explored immune-related alterations at the multi-omics level to extract accurate prognostic markers linked to the immune response and presents a more accurate landscape of the immune genomic map during OSCC. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) OSCC cohort (n = 329) was used to detect the immune infiltration pattern of OSCC and categorize patients into two immunity groups using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and hierarchical clustering analysis. Multiple strategies, including lasso regression (LASSO), Cox proportional hazards regression, and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to screen clinically significant signatures and identify an incorporated prognosis model with robust discriminative power on the survival status of both the training and testing set. We identified two OSCC subtypes based on immunological characteristics: Immunity-high and immunity low, and verified that the categorization was accurate and repeatable. Immunity_ high cluster with a higher immunological and stromal score. 1047 differential genes (DEGs) integrate with immune genes to obtain 319 immue-related DEGs. A robust model with five signatures for OSCC patient prognosis was established. The GEO cohort (n = 97) were used to validate the risk model’s predictive value. The low-risk group had a better overall survival (OS) than the high-risk group. Significant prognostic potential for OSCC patients was found using ROC analysis and immune checkpoint gene expression was lower in the low-risk group. We also investigated at the therapeutic sensitivity of a number of frequently used chemotherapeutic drugs in patients with various risk factors. The underlying biological behavior of the OSCC cell line was preliminarily validated. This study characterizes a reliable marker of OSCC disease progression and provides a new potential target for immunotherapy against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunzhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaqiong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Myopia, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Han Zhao, ; Yue Guo,
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Han Zhao, ; Yue Guo,
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11
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Ma L, Yu J, Zhang H, Zhao B, Zhang J, Yang D, Luo F, Wang B, Jin B, Liu J. Effects of Immune Cells on Intestinal Stem Cells: Prospects for Therapeutic Targets. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2296-2314. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Wang H, Luo K, Guan Z, Li Z, Xiang J, Ou S, Tao Y, Ran S, Ye J, Ma T, Qiao T, Zhang Z, Jin Y, Song Y, Huang R. Identification of the Crucial Role of CCL22 in F. nucleatum-Related Colorectal Tumorigenesis that Correlates With Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Checkpoint Therapy. Front Genet 2022; 13:811900. [PMID: 35295948 PMCID: PMC8918684 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.811900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant cancer worldwide with the second highest mortality. Gut microbiota can educate the tumor microenvironment (TME), consequently influencing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Fusobacterium nucleatum is one of the most crucial bacteria contributing to colorectal tumorigenesis, but the molecular mechanisms between F. nucleatum and TME or ICIs are poorly investigated. In the present study, we firstly analyzed differentially expressed genes and the biological functions between F. nucleatum-infected and uninfected CRC cell lines, with the findings that CCL22 mRNA expression was markedly upregulated after F. nucleatum infection. Moreover, the survival analysis showed that CCL22 was significantly associated with the overall survival of CRC patients. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis suggested that CCL22 was related to immune-related terms. Furthermore, the ESTIMATE analysis indicated that the high-CCL22-expression subgroup had a higher immune/stromal/estimate score and lower tumor purity. The CIBERSORT analysis indicated that the high-CCL22-expression group had more immune-suppressive cells and less antitumor immune cells. In addition, immune checkpoint genes and cytotoxic genes were positively correlated with CCL22 expression. The immunophenoscore analysis suggested that CCL22 was associated with the IPS-CTLA4 and PD1/PD-L1/PD-L2 score. Interestingly, CCL22 expression in the KRAS and APC mutation groups was markedly reduced compared to that of the wild groups. In summary, our study provided evidence that CCL22 might play a crucial role in F. nucleatum-related colorectal tumorigenesis and correlate with TME and ICIs, which deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hufei Wang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kangjia Luo
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zilong Guan
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Suwen Ou
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yangbao Tao
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Songlin Ran
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhua Ye
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianyi Ma
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianyu Qiao
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinghu Jin
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Huang, ; Yanni Song, ; Yinghu Jin,
| | - Yanni Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Huang, ; Yanni Song, ; Yinghu Jin,
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Huang, ; Yanni Song, ; Yinghu Jin,
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13
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Hosseini M, Baghaei K, Hajivalili M, Zali MR, Ebtekar M, Amani D. The anti-tumor effects of CT-26 derived exosomes enriched by MicroRNA-34a on murine model of colorectal cancer. Life Sci 2021; 290:120234. [PMID: 34953890 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS As conventional therapeutics failed to provide satisfied outcomes against one of the most prevalent cancers, colorectal cancer (CRC), we purposed to implicate MicroRNA (miR)-34a, as a major tumor suppressor, to be delivered by tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) and investigated its anti-tumor functions in-vivo. MAIN METHODS TEXs were isolated from CT-26 cell line and loaded with miR-34a mimic. Then, mice bearing CRC were treated with miR-34a-enriched TEX (TEX-miR-34a) and then examined for the relative tumor-suppressive impacts of the TEX as well as its potential in promoting an anti-tumor immune response. KEY FINDINGS TEX-miR-34a significantly reduced tumor size and prolonged survival of mice bearing CRC. TEX-miR-34a was able to diminish gene expressions related to invasion, angiogenesis and immune evasion. It was also capable of inducing T cell polarization toward CD8+ T subsets among tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, draining lymph nodes (DLNs) and spleen cells. Moreover, cytotoxic T cells were professionally induced in mice receiving TEX-miR-34a and the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A and tumor necrosis factor (TGF)-β was reduced in DLNs. However, the enhanced levels of interferon-γ were evaluated in DLN and spleen displaying the polarization of anti-tumor immune responses. Interestingly, mice receiving TEX alone showed a noticeable reduction in certain oncogenic gene expressions as well as IL-17A secretion in DLNs. SIGNIFICANCE TEX-miR-34a demonstrated the potential to induce beneficial anti-tumor immune responses and TEXs, aside from the delivery function of miRNA, revealed certain anti-tumor beneficial characteristics which could introduce TEX-miR-34a as a promising approach in CRC combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hajivalili
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ebtekar
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Davar Amani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Wang L, Wang E, Prado Balcazar J, Wu Z, Xiang K, Wang Y, Huang Q, Negrete M, Chen K, Li W, Fu Y, Dohlman A, Mines R, Zhang L, Kobayashi Y, Chen T, Shi G, Shen JP, Kopetz S, Tata PR, Moreno V, Gersbach C, Crawford G, Hsu D, Huang E, Bu P, Shen X. Chromatin Remodeling of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis is Mediated by an HGF-PU.1-DPP4 Axis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2004673. [PMID: 34378358 PMCID: PMC8498885 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasizes mainly to the liver, which accounts for the majority of CRC-related deaths. Here it is shown that metastatic cells undergo specific chromatin remodeling in the liver. Hepatic growth factor (HGF) induces phosphorylation of PU.1, a pioneer factor, which in turn binds and opens chromatin regions of downstream effector genes. PU.1 increases histone acetylation at the DPP4 locus. Precise epigenetic silencing by CRISPR/dCas9KRAB or CRISPR/dCas9HDAC revealed that individual PU.1-remodeled regulatory elements collectively modulate DPP4 expression and liver metastasis growth. Genetic silencing or pharmacological inhibition of each factor along this chromatin remodeling axis strongly suppressed liver metastasis. Therefore, microenvironment-induced epimutation is an important mechanism for metastatic tumor cells to grow in their new niche. This study presents a potential strategy to target chromatin remodeling in metastatic cancer and the promise of repurposing drugs to treat metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Ergang Wang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | | | - Zhenzhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of RNA BiologyKey Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Kun Xiang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Marcos Negrete
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Kai‐Yuan Chen
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Yujie Fu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Anders Dohlman
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Robert Mines
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA BiologyKey Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yoshihiko Kobayashi
- Department of Cell BiologyRegeneration NextDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Tianyi Chen
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Guizhi Shi
- Laboratory Animal Research CenterInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - John Paul Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical OncologyMD AndersonDurhamNC77030USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical OncologyMD AndersonDurhamNC77030USA
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Department of Cell BiologyRegeneration NextDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Victor Moreno
- Department of Clinical SciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona08193Spain
- Prevention and Control ProgramCatalan Institute of Oncology‐IDIBELLCIBERESPBarcelonaE08907Spain
| | - Charles Gersbach
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Gregory Crawford
- Department of PediatricsDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - David Hsu
- Department of MedicineDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Emina Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Colorectal SurgeryLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH44195USA
| | - Pengcheng Bu
- Key Laboratory of RNA BiologyKey Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Xiling Shen
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
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15
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Huang J, Xu X, Yang J. miRNAs Alter T Helper 17 Cell Fate in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:593473. [PMID: 33968012 PMCID: PMC8096907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.593473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
T helper 17 (Th17) cells are characterized by the secretion of the IL-17 cytokine and are essential for the immune response against bacterial and fungal infections. Despite the beneficial roles of Th17 cells, unrestrained IL-17 production can contribute to immunopathology and inflammatory autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Although these diverse outcomes are directed by the activation of Th17 cells, the regulation of Th17 cells is incompletely understood. The discovery that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of Th17 cell differentiation and function has greatly improved our understanding of Th17 cells in immune response and disease. Here, we provide an overview of the biogenesis and function of miRNA and summarize the role of miRNAs in Th17 cell differentiation and function. Finally, we focus on recent advances in miRNA-mediated dysregulation of Th17 cell fate in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ji Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Li WJ, Wang Y, Liu R, Kasinski AL, Shen H, Slack FJ, Tang DG. MicroRNA-34a: Potent Tumor Suppressor, Cancer Stem Cell Inhibitor, and Potential Anticancer Therapeutic. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640587. [PMID: 33763422 PMCID: PMC7982597 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence indicates that virtually all treatment-naive tumors contain a subpopulation of cancer cells that possess some stem cell traits and properties and are operationally defined as cancer cell stem cells (CSCs). CSCs manifest inherent heterogeneity in that they may exist in an epithelial and proliferative state or a mesenchymal non-proliferative and invasive state. Spontaneous tumor progression, therapeutic treatments, and (epi)genetic mutations may also induce plasticity in non-CSCs and reprogram them into stem-like cancer cells. Intrinsic cancer cell heterogeneity and induced cancer cell plasticity, constantly and dynamically, generate a pool of CSC subpopulations with varying levels of epigenomic stability and stemness. Despite the dynamic and transient nature of CSCs, they play fundamental roles in mediating therapy resistance and tumor relapse. It is now clear that the stemness of CSCs is coordinately regulated by genetic factors and epigenetic mechanisms. Here, in this perspective, we first provide a brief updated overview of CSCs. We then focus on microRNA-34a (miR-34a), a tumor-suppressive microRNA (miRNA) devoid in many CSCs and advanced tumors. Being a member of the miR-34 family, miR-34a was identified as a p53 target in 2007. It is a bona fide tumor suppressor, and its expression is dysregulated and downregulated in various human cancers. By targeting stemness factors such as NOTCH, MYC, BCL-2, and CD44, miR-34a epigenetically and negatively regulates the functional properties of CSCs. We shall briefly discuss potential reasons behind the failure of the first-in-class clinical trial of MRX34, a liposomal miR-34a mimic. Finally, we offer several clinical settings where miR-34a can potentially be deployed to therapeutically target CSCs and advanced, therapy-resistant, and p53-mutant tumors in order to overcome therapy resistance and curb tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jess Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ruifang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Andrea L Kasinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Haifa Shen
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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17
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Iftekhar A, Berger H, Bouznad N, Heuberger J, Boccellato F, Dobrindt U, Hermeking H, Sigal M, Meyer TF. Genomic aberrations after short-term exposure to colibactin-producing E. coli transform primary colon epithelial cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1003. [PMID: 33579932 PMCID: PMC7881031 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21162-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genotoxic colibactin-producing pks+ Escherichia coli induce DNA double-strand breaks, mutations, and promote tumor development in mouse models of colorectal cancer (CRC). Colibactin's distinct mutational signature is reflected in human CRC, suggesting a causal link. Here, we investigate its transformation potential using organoids from primary murine colon epithelial cells. Organoids recovered from short-term infection with pks+ E. coli show characteristics of CRC cells, e.g., enhanced proliferation, Wnt-independence, and impaired differentiation. Sequence analysis of Wnt-independent organoids reveals an enhanced mutational burden, including chromosomal aberrations typical of genomic instability. Although we do not find classic Wnt-signaling mutations, we identify several mutations in genes related to p53-signaling, including miR-34a. Knockout of Trp53 or miR-34 in organoids results in Wnt-independence, corroborating a functional interplay between the p53 and Wnt pathways. We propose larger chromosomal alterations and aneuploidy as the basis of transformation in these organoids, consistent with the early appearance of chromosomal instability in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Iftekhar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hilmar Berger
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig Holstein - Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nassim Bouznad
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilians University, München, Germany
| | - Julian Heuberger
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesco Boccellato
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ulrich Dobrindt
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heiko Hermeking
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilians University, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Sigal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany. .,Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thomas F Meyer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany. .,Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig Holstein - Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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18
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Lin S, Liu Q, Wen J, Bai K, Guo Y, Wang J. Mir-124 Attenuates STAT3-Mediated TH17 Differentiation in Colitis-Driven Colon Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:570128. [PMID: 33392070 PMCID: PMC7773897 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.570128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation often induces regeneration to repair the tissue damage. However, chronic inflammation can transform temporary hyperplasia into a fertile ground for tumorigenesis. Here, we demonstrate that the miR-124 acts as a safeguard to inhibit the pro-inflammatory production and reparative regeneration. Methods The expression levels of miR-124 and IL-17, IFN-γ were detected by qRT-PCR. TH17 or TH1 cells were detected by flow cytometer, respectively. The binding of STAT3 to the promoter region of IL-17 gene was analyzed by Chip assay. miR-124 binding to the 3′UTR of STAT3 gene was detected by reported plasmid construction and luciferase assay. Furthermore, DSS-induced colitis mice model and T cell transfer model were used to confirm the function of miR-124 in vivo. The related gene expression was analyzed by ELISA and western blot experiments. Results The results indicated that miR-124 decrease promotes colon tumorigenesis after Citrobacter rodentium infection and AOM/DSS induced colon cancer murine model. In molecular mechanism, miR-124 targets STAT3 to inhibit TH17 cell polarization and keep TH17 polarization in colonic microenvironment. Conclusions Our study strengthened the important role of miR-124 in the regulation of adaptive immune responses and blocking the development of colitis-related cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Lin
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunhao Bai
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yandong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Bi K, Zhang X, Chen W, Diao H. MicroRNAs Regulate Intestinal Immunity and Gut Microbiota for Gastrointestinal Health: A Comprehensive Review. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091075. [PMID: 32932716 PMCID: PMC7564790 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The regulation of microRNA expression in the gut intestine is gradually recognized as one of the crucial contributors of intestinal homeostasis and overall health. Recent studies indicated that both the microRNAs endogenous in the gut intestine and exogenous from diets could play influential roles in modulating microbial colonization and intestinal immunity. In this review, we discuss the biological functions of microRNAs in regulating intestinal homeostasis by modulating intestinal immune responses and gut microbiota. We particularly focus on addressing the microRNA-dependent communication and interactions among microRNA, gut microbiota, and intestinal immune system. Besides, we also summarize the roles of diet-derived microRNAs in host-microbiome homeostasis and their benefits on intestinal health. A better understanding of the relationships among intestinal disorders, microRNAs, and other factors influencing intestinal health can facilitate the application of microRNA-based therapeutics for gastrointestinal diseases.
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20
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Taheri F, Ebrahimi SO, Shareef S, Reiisi S. Regulatory and immunomodulatory role of miR-34a in T cell immunity. Life Sci 2020; 262:118209. [PMID: 32763292 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs and very conserve molecules that negatively regulate the expression of many genes by targeting the 3' UTR of mRNAs. miRNAs are involved in the modulation of T-cell biology during the earliest and last stages and key controllers of T-cell differentiation and function. The miR-34a, as a major hub of the regulatory network of T cells, plays an important role in T cell activation. miR-34a is widely expressed in immune cells (dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells, B cells, and T cells) and regulates their development, function, and survival. This miRNA, by targeting over 30 genes across different cellular pathways controls immune response. miR-34a expression is controlled by p53 in transcription level. As well as, miR-34a by activating dendritic cells mediates innate immune response and increases tumor-infiltrating CD8 expression T lymphocytes. In various types of cancers and autoimmune diseases, miR-34a can regulate T cell function and become a possible significant target of microRNA-based therapy. Therefore, in this review, we focus on miR-34a-related regulatory mechanisms in T cell function and understanding mechanisms and molecules involved in this network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Taheri
- Department of Genetics, Sharekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Seyed Omar Ebrahimi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Salar Shareef
- Department of medical laboratory science, College of Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Somayeh Reiisi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
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21
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Massaut E, Hendlisz B, Klastersky JA. The close interrelation between colorectal cancer, infection and microbiota. Curr Opin Oncol 2020; 31:362-367. [PMID: 31090550 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Evaluate the recent literature about the relation of clinical infection and colorectal cancer in terms of diagnosis of an occult infection and possible impact on oncological outcome and review the possible role of the gut microbiota in the role of colorectal cancer oncogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Data published within the 2 last years have been reviewed and the conclusions, mostly supporting previously published information, have been critically discussed. SUMMARY Infection (bacteremia, cellulitis) might be a surrogate of occult colorectal cancer and postoperative infection complications might jeopardize long-term survival after potentially curative surgery. The role of the gut microbiota in the genesis of colorectal cancer remains an exciting though unresolved question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Massaut
- Service de Chirurgie, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Barbara Hendlisz
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean A Klastersky
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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22
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Zhang L, Wu H, Zhao M, Chang C, Lu Q. Clinical significance of miRNAs in autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 2020; 109:102438. [PMID: 32184036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionally conserved, single-stranded RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by disrupting translation. MiRNAs are key players in variety of biological processes that regulate the differentiation, development and activation of immune cells in both innate and adaptive immunity. The disruption and dysfunction of miRNAs can perturb the immune response, stimulate the release of inflammatory cytokines and initiate the production of autoantibodies, and contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythmatosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Accumulating studies demonstrate that miRNAs, which can be collected by noninvasive methods, have the potential to be developed as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers, the discovery and validation of which is essential for the improvement of disease diagnosis and clinical monitoring. Recently, with the development of detection tools, such as microarrays and NGS (Next Generation Sequencing), large amounts of miRNAs have been identified and suggest a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Several miRNAs associated diagnostic biomarkers have been developed and applied clinically, though the pharmaceutical industry is still facing challenges in commercialization and drug delivery. The development of miRNAs is less advanced for autoimmune diseases compared with cancer. However, drugs that target miRNAs have been introduced as candidates and adopted in clinical trials. This review comprehensively summarizes the differentially expressed miRNAs in several types of autoimmune diseases and discusses the role and the significance of miRNAs in clinical management. The study of miRNAs in autoimmunity promises to provide novel and broad diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for a clinical market that is still in its infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Haijing Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical, Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.
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23
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Hou W, Zhu X, Liu J, Ma J. Inhibition of miR-153 ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in rats. Biomed Eng Online 2020; 19:15. [PMID: 32143647 PMCID: PMC7059292 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-020-0759-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous in vitro studies demonstrated that suppression of microRNAs might protect cardiomyocytes and neurons against oxygen–glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced cell apoptosis. However, whether the protective effect of miR-153-inhibition on cardiomyocytes can be observed in the animal model is unknown. We aimed to address this question using a rat model of ischemia–reperfusion (I/R). Methods Rats were received the intramyocardial injection of saline or adenovirus-carrying target or control gene, and the rats were subjected to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) treatment. The effects of miR-153 on I/R-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress in the rat model were assessed using various assays. Results We found that suppression of miR-153 decreased cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) expression, and increased B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression. We further confirmed that Nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2) is a functional target of miR-153, and Nrf2/Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling was involved in miR-153-regulated I/R-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis. Inhibition of miR-153 reduced I/R-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress in rat myocardium. Conclusion Suppression of miR-153 exerts a cardioprotective effect against I/R-induced injury through the regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, suggesting that targeting miR-153, Nrf2, or both may serve as promising therapeutic targets for the alleviation of I/R-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hou
- Department of Emergency, Yidu Central Hospital of Wei Fang, No.4138, South Linglongshan Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Xianting Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Yidu Central Hospital of Wei Fang, No.4138, South Linglongshan Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ward 1, Yidu Central Hospital of Wei Fang, No. 4138, South Linglongshan Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaguo Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Qing Zhou Traditional Chinese Hospital, No. 2727, Haidai Middle Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China.
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24
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Abstract
Intravital microscopy is a powerful technique to observe dynamic processes with single-cell resolution in live animals. No intravital window has been developed for imaging the colon due to its anatomic location and motility, although the colon is a key organ where the majority of microbiota reside and common diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, functional gastrointestinal disorders, and colon cancer occur. Here we describe an intravital murine colonic window with a stabilizing ferromagnetic scaffold for chronic imaging, minimizing motion artifacts while maximizing long-term survival by preventing colonic obstruction. Using this setup, we image fluorescently-labeled stem cells, bacteria, and immune cells in live animal colons. Furthermore, we image nerve activity via calcium imaging in real time to demonstrate that electrical sacral nerve stimulation can activate colonic enteric neurons. The simple implantable apparatus enables visualization of live processes in the colon, which will open the window to a broad range of studies. Performing intravital imaging of the colon in mouse models is challenging due to the colon’s anatomic location and motility. Here, the authors develop a murine colonic window for intravital chronic imaging that maximises long-term animal survival and minimises motion artefacts.
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Vergara D, Simeone P, Damato M, Maffia M, Lanuti P, Trerotola M. The Cancer Microbiota: EMT and Inflammation as Shared Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Plasticity and Progression. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:1253727. [PMID: 31772577 PMCID: PMC6854237 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1253727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of novel molecular platforms for high-throughput/next-generation sequencing, the communities of commensal and pathogenic microorganisms that inhabit the human body have been defined in depth. In the last decade, the role of microbiota-host interactions in driving human cancer plasticity and malignant progression has been well documented. Germ-free preclinical models provided an invaluable tool to demonstrate that the human microbiota can confer susceptibility to various types of cancer and can also modulate the host response to therapeutic treatments. Of interest, besides the detrimental effects of dysbiosis on cancer etiopathogenesis, specific microorganisms have been shown to exert protective activities against cancer growth. This has strong clinical implications, as restoration of the physiologic microbiota is being rapidly implemented as a novel anticancer therapeutic strategy. Here, we reviewed past and recent literature depicting the role of microbiota-host interactions in modulating key molecular mechanisms that drive human cancer plasticity and lead to malignant progression. We analyzed microbiota-host interactions occurring in the gut as well as in other anatomic sites, such as oral and nasal cavities, lungs, breast, esophagus, stomach, reproductive tract, and skin. We revealed a common ground of biological alterations and pathways modulated by a dysbiotic microbiota and potentially involved in the control of cancer progression. The molecular mechanisms most frequently affected by the pathogenic microorganisms to induce malignant progression involve epithelial-mesenchymal transition- (EMT-) dependent barrier alterations and tumor-promoting inflammation. This evidence may pave the way to better stratify high-risk cancer patients based on unique microenvironmental/microbial signatures and to develop novel, personalized, biological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Vergara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Proteomic, “Giovanni Paolo II” Hospital, ASL-Lecce, Italy
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G.d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Laboratory of Cytomorphology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G.d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marina Damato
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Proteomic, “Giovanni Paolo II” Hospital, ASL-Lecce, Italy
| | - Michele Maffia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Proteomic, “Giovanni Paolo II” Hospital, ASL-Lecce, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G.d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Laboratory of Cytomorphology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G.d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Trerotola
- Laboratory of Cancer Pathology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G.d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G.d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Citrobacter rodentium-host-microbiota interactions: immunity, bioenergetics and metabolism. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019; 17:701-715. [PMID: 31541196 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-019-0252-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is an extracellular enteric mouse-specific pathogen used to model infections with human pathogenic Escherichia coli and inflammatory bowel disease. C. rodentium injects type III secretion system effectors into intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to target inflammatory, metabolic and cell survival pathways and establish infection. While the host responds to infection by activating innate and adaptive immune signalling, required for clearance, the IECs respond by rapidly shifting bioenergetics to aerobic glycolysis, which leads to oxygenation of the epithelium, an instant expansion of mucosal-associated commensal Enterobacteriaceae and a decline of obligate anaerobes. Moreover, infected IECs reprogramme intracellular metabolic pathways, characterized by simultaneous activation of cholesterol biogenesis, import and efflux, leading to increased serum and faecal cholesterol levels. In this Review we summarize recent advances highlighting the intimate relationship between C. rodentium pathogenesis, metabolism and the gut microbiota.
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