1
|
Day M, Belal M, Surmeier WC, Melendez A, Wokosin D, Tkatch T, Clarke VRJ, Surmeier DJ. GABAergic regulation of striatal spiny projection neurons depends upon their activity state. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002483. [PMID: 38295323 PMCID: PMC10830145 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Synaptic transmission mediated by GABAA receptors (GABAARs) in adult, principal striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) can suppress ongoing spiking, but its effect on synaptic integration at subthreshold membrane potentials is less well characterized, particularly those near the resting down-state. To fill this gap, a combination of molecular, optogenetic, optical, and electrophysiological approaches were used to study SPNs in mouse ex vivo brain slices, and computational tools were used to model somatodendritic synaptic integration. In perforated patch recordings, activation of GABAARs, either by uncaging of GABA or by optogenetic stimulation of GABAergic synapses, evoked currents with a reversal potential near -60 mV in both juvenile and adult SPNs. Transcriptomic analysis and pharmacological work suggested that this relatively positive GABAAR reversal potential was not attributable to NKCC1 expression, but rather to HCO3- permeability. Regardless, from down-state potentials, optogenetic activation of dendritic GABAergic synapses depolarized SPNs. This GABAAR-mediated depolarization summed with trailing ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) stimulation, promoting dendritic spikes and increasing somatic depolarization. Simulations revealed that a diffuse dendritic GABAergic input to SPNs effectively enhanced the response to dendritic iGluR signaling and promoted dendritic spikes. Taken together, our results demonstrate that GABAARs can work in concert with iGluRs to excite adult SPNs when they are in the resting down-state, suggesting that their inhibitory role is limited to brief periods near spike threshold. This state-dependence calls for a reformulation for the role of intrastriatal GABAergic circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Day
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Marziyeh Belal
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - William C. Surmeier
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Alexandria Melendez
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - David Wokosin
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Tatiana Tkatch
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vernon R. J. Clarke
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - D. James Surmeier
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Malgady JM, Baez A, Hobel ZB, Jimenez K, Goldfried J, Prager EM, Wilking JA, Zhang Q, Feng G, Plotkin JL. Pathway-specific alterations in striatal excitability and cholinergic modulation in a SAPAP3 mouse model of compulsive motor behavior. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113384. [PMID: 37934666 PMCID: PMC10872927 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Deletion of the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)-associated gene SAP90/PSD-95-associated protein 3 (Sapap3), which encodes a postsynaptic anchoring protein at corticostriatal synapses, causes OCD-like motor behaviors in mice. While corticostriatal synaptic dysfunction is central to this phenotype, the striatum efficiently adapts to pathological changes, often in ways that expand upon the original circuit impairment. Here, we show that SAPAP3 deletion causes non-synaptic and pathway-specific alterations in dorsolateral striatum circuit function. While somatic excitability was elevated in striatal projection neurons (SPNs), dendritic excitability was exclusively enhanced in direct pathway SPNs. Layered on top of this, cholinergic modulation was altered in opposing ways: striatal cholinergic interneuron density and evoked acetylcholine release were elevated, while basal muscarinic modulation of SPNs was reduced. These data describe how SAPAP3 deletion alters the striatal landscape upon which impaired corticostriatal inputs will act, offering a basis for how pathological synaptic integration and unbalanced striatal output underlying OCD-like behaviors may be shaped.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Malgady
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, College of Arts & Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Alexander Baez
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Zachary B Hobel
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, College of Arts & Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Kimberly Jimenez
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jack Goldfried
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Eric M Prager
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jennifer A Wilking
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Qiangge Zhang
- Yang Tan Collective and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Guoping Feng
- Yang Tan Collective and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Joshua L Plotkin
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Courtney CD, Pamukcu A, Chan CS. Cell and circuit complexity of the external globus pallidus. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1147-1159. [PMID: 37336974 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The external globus pallidus (GPe) of the basal ganglia has been underappreciated owing to poor understanding of its cells and circuits. It was assumed that the GPe consisted of a homogeneous neuron population primarily serving as a 'relay station' for information flowing through the indirect basal ganglia pathway. However, the advent of advanced tools in rodent models has sparked a resurgence in interest in the GPe. Here, we review recent data that have unveiled the cell and circuit complexity of the GPe. These discoveries have revealed that the GPe does not conform to traditional views of the basal ganglia. In particular, recent evidence confirms that the afferent and efferent connections of the GPe span both the direct and the indirect pathways. Furthermore, the GPe displays broad interconnectivity beyond the basal ganglia, consistent with its emerging multifaceted roles in both motor and non-motor functions. In summary, recent data prompt new proposals for computational rules of the basal ganglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connor D Courtney
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arin Pamukcu
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Day M, Belal M, Surmeier WC, Melendez A, Wokosin D, Tkatch T, Clarke VRJ, Surmeier DJ. State-dependent GABAergic regulation of striatal spiny projection neuron excitability. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.14.532627. [PMID: 36993489 PMCID: PMC10055173 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.14.532627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic transmission mediated by GABA A receptors (GABA A Rs) in adult, principal striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) can suppress ongoing spiking, but its effect on synaptic integration at sub-threshold membrane potentials is less well characterized, particularly those near the resting down-state. To fill this gap, a combination of molecular, optogenetic, optical and electrophysiological approaches were used to study SPNs in mouse ex vivo brain slices, and computational tools were used to model somatodendritic synaptic integration. Activation of GABA A Rs, either by uncaging of GABA or by optogenetic stimulation of GABAergic synapses, evoked currents with a reversal potential near -60 mV in perforated patch recordings from both juvenile and adult SPNs. Molecular profiling of SPNs suggested that this relatively positive reversal potential was not attributable to NKCC1 expression, but rather to a dynamic equilibrium between KCC2 and Cl-/HCO3-cotransporters. Regardless, from down-state potentials, optogenetic activation of dendritic GABAergic synapses depolarized SPNs. This GABAAR-mediated depolarization summed with trailing ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) stimulation, promoting dendritic spikes and increasing somatic depolarization. Simulations revealed that a diffuse dendritic GABAergic input to SPNs effectively enhanced the response to coincident glutamatergic input. Taken together, our results demonstrate that GABA A Rs can work in concert with iGluRs to excite adult SPNs when they are in the resting down-state, suggesting that their inhibitory role is limited to brief periods near spike threshold. This state-dependence calls for a reformulation of the role intrastriatal GABAergic circuits.
Collapse
|
5
|
Pancani T, Day M, Tkatch T, Wokosin DL, González-Rodríguez P, Kondapalli J, Xie Z, Chen Y, Beaumont V, Surmeier DJ. Cholinergic deficits selectively boost cortical intratelencephalic control of striatum in male Huntington's disease model mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1398. [PMID: 36914640 PMCID: PMC10011605 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG triplet expansion in huntingtin. Although corticostriatal dysfunction has long been implicated in HD, the determinants and pathway specificity of this pathophysiology are not fully understood. Here, using a male zQ175+/- knock-in mouse model of HD we carry out optogenetic interrogation of intratelencephalic and pyramidal tract synapses with principal striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs). These studies reveal that the connectivity of intratelencephalic, but not pyramidal tract, neurons with direct and indirect pathway SPNs increased in early symptomatic zQ175+/- HD mice. This enhancement was attributable to reduced pre-synaptic inhibitory control of intratelencephalic terminals by striatal cholinergic interneurons. Lowering mutant huntingtin selectively in striatal cholinergic interneurons with a virally-delivered zinc finger repressor protein normalized striatal acetylcholine release and intratelencephalic functional connectivity, revealing a node in the network underlying corticostriatal pathophysiology in a HD mouse model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tristano Pancani
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA
| | - Michelle Day
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA
| | - Tatiana Tkatch
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA
| | - David L Wokosin
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA
| | - Patricia González-Rodríguez
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA.,Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jyothisri Kondapalli
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA
| | - Zhong Xie
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA
| | - Vahri Beaumont
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, Suite 700, 6080 Center Drive, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA
| | - D James Surmeier
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Choi S, Du Y, Wokosin DL, Graves SM. Acute and protracted abstinence from methamphetamine bidirectionally changes intrinsic excitability of indirect pathway spiny projection neurons in the dorsomedial striatum. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12116. [PMID: 35840639 PMCID: PMC9287428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16272-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (meth) is an addictive psychostimulant and illicit use presents significant personal and socioeconomic harm. Behavioral studies support the involvement of the dorsal striatum in drug-seeking but stimulant induced dysfunction in this region is understudied. The dorsal striatum can be subdivided into the dorsomedial (DMS) and dorsolateral (DLS) striatum with the DMS implicated in goal-directed and DLS in habitual behaviors; both regions are primarily composed of GABAergic direct (dSPNs) and indirect pathway (iSPNs) spiny projection neurons. To examine the effect of repeated meth on SPNs, mice were administered meth (2 mg/kg) for ten consecutive days and intrinsic excitability, dendritic excitability, and spine density were examined. DMS iSPN intrinsic excitability was increased at 1 day but decreased at 21 days of abstinence. In contrast, DMS dSPN intrinsic excitability was unchanged at either timepoint. Dendritic excitability and spine densities were unaltered in DMS iSPNs and dSPNs at 1 and 21 days of abstinence. The effect of repeated meth on iSPN excitability was specific to the DMS; DLS iSPN intrinsic excitability, dendritic excitability, and spine density were unchanged at 1 and 21 days of abstinence. These findings point toward DMS iSPN dysfunction in meth use disorders with differential dysfunction dependent on abstinence duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Choi
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Yijuan Du
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - David L. Wokosin
- grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Steven M. Graves
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tabrizi SJ, Estevez-Fraga C, van Roon-Mom WMC, Flower MD, Scahill RI, Wild EJ, Muñoz-Sanjuan I, Sampaio C, Rosser AE, Leavitt BR. Potential disease-modifying therapies for Huntington's disease: lessons learned and future opportunities. Lancet Neurol 2022; 21:645-658. [PMID: 35716694 PMCID: PMC7613206 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease is the most frequent autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder; however, no disease-modifying interventions are available for patients with this disease. The molecular pathogenesis of Huntington's disease is complex, with toxicity that arises from full-length expanded huntingtin and N-terminal fragments of huntingtin, which are both prone to misfolding due to proteolysis; aberrant intron-1 splicing of the HTT gene; and somatic expansion of the CAG repeat in the HTT gene. Potential interventions for Huntington's disease include therapies targeting huntingtin DNA and RNA, clearance of huntingtin protein, DNA repair pathways, and other treatment strategies targeting inflammation and cell replacement. The early termination of trials of the antisense oligonucleotide tominersen suggest that it is time to reflect on lessons learned, where the field stands now, and the challenges and opportunities for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Tabrizi
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Carlos Estevez-Fraga
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Michael D Flower
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rachael I Scahill
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward J Wild
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Cristina Sampaio
- CHDI Management, CHDI Foundation Los Angeles, CA, USA; Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anne E Rosser
- BRAIN unit, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Blair R Leavitt
- Centre for Huntington's disease, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aceto G, Nardella L, Nanni S, Pecci V, Bertozzi A, Colussi C, D'Ascenzo M, Grassi C. Activation of histamine type 2 receptors enhances intrinsic excitability of medium spiny neurons in the nucleus accumbens. J Physiol 2022; 600:2225-2243. [PMID: 35343587 PMCID: PMC9325548 DOI: 10.1113/jp282962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Histaminergic neurons are exclusively located in the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nucleus, from where they project to many brain areas including the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a brain area that integrates diverse monoaminergic inputs to coordinate motivated behaviours. While the NAc expresses various histamine receptor subtypes, the mechanisms by which histamine modulates NAc activity are still poorly understood. Using whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings, we found that pharmacological activation of histamine 2 (H2) receptors elevates the excitability of NAc medium spiny neurons (MSNs), while activation of H1 receptors failed to significantly affect MSN excitability. The evoked firing of MSNs increased after seconds of local H2 agonist administration and remained elevated for minutes. H2 receptor (H2R) activation accelerated subthreshold depolarization in response to current injection, reduced the latency to fire, diminished action potential afterhyperpolarization and increased the action potential half‐width. The increased excitability was protein kinase A‐dependent and associated with decreased A‐type K+ currents. In addition, selective pharmacological inhibition of the Kv4.2 channel, the main molecular determinant of A‐type K+ currents in MSNs, mimicked and occluded the increased excitability induced by H2R activation. Our results indicate that histaminergic transmission in the NAc increases MSN intrinsic excitability through H2R‐dependent modulation of Kv4.2 channels. Activation of H2R will significantly alter spike firing in MSNs in vivo, and this effect could be an important mechanism by which these receptors mediate certain aspects of goal‐induced behaviours. Key points Histamine is synthesized and released by hypothalamic neurons of the tuberomammillary nucleus and serves as a general modulator for whole‐brain activity including the nucleus accumbens. Histamine receptors type 2 (HR2), which are expressed in the nucleus accumbens, couple to Gαs/off proteins which elevate cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels and activate protein kinase A. Whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings revealed that H2R activation increased the evoked firing in medium spiny neurons of the nucleus accumbens via protein kinase A‐dependent mechanisms. HR2 activation accelerated subthreshold depolarization in response to current injection, reduced the latency to fire, diminished action potential medium after‐hyperpolarization and increased the action potential half‐width. HR2 activation also reduced A‐type potassium current. Selective pharmacological inhibition of the Kv4.2 channel mimicked and occluded the increased excitability induced by H2R activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Aceto
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma, Italia.,Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Nardella
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Nanni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma, Italia.,Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Pecci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Bertozzi
- Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi ed Informatica "Antonio Ruberti", National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Colussi
- Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi ed Informatica "Antonio Ruberti", National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello D'Ascenzo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma, Italia.,Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma, Italia.,Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Callahan JW, Wokosin DL, Bevan MD. Dysregulation of the Basal Ganglia Indirect Pathway in Early Symptomatic Q175 Huntington's Disease Mice. J Neurosci 2022; 42:2080-2102. [PMID: 35058372 PMCID: PMC8916764 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0782-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The debilitating psychomotor symptoms of Huntington's disease (HD) are linked partly to degeneration of the basal ganglia indirect pathway. At early symptomatic stages, before major cell loss, indirect pathway neurons exhibit numerous cellular and synaptic changes in HD and its models. However, the impact of these alterations on circuit activity remains poorly understood. To address this gap, optogenetic- and reporter-guided electrophysiological interrogation was used in early symptomatic male and female Q175 HD mice. D2 dopamine receptor-expressing striatal projection neurons (D2-SPNs) were hypoactive during synchronous cortical slow-wave activity, consistent with known reductions in dendritic excitability and cortical input strength. Downstream prototypic parvalbumin-expressing external globus pallidus (PV+ GPe) neurons discharged at 2-3 times their normal rate, even during periods of D2-SPN inactivity, arguing that defective striatopallidal inhibition was not the only cause of their hyperactivity. Indeed, PV+ GPe neurons also exhibited abnormally elevated autonomous firing ex vivo Optogenetic inhibition of PV+ GPe neurons in vivo partially and fully ameliorated the abnormal hypoactivity of postsynaptic subthalamic nucleus (STN) and putative PV- GPe neurons, respectively. In contrast to STN neurons whose autonomous firing is impaired in HD mice, putative PV- GPe neuron activity was unaffected ex vivo, implying that excessive inhibition was responsible for their hypoactivity in vivo Together with previous studies, these data demonstrate that (1) indirect pathway nuclei are dysregulated in Q175 mice through changes in presynaptic activity and/or intrinsic cellular and synaptic properties; and (2) prototypic PV+ GPe neuron hyperactivity and excessive target inhibition are prominent features of early HD pathophysiology.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The early symptoms of Huntington's disease (HD) are linked to degenerative changes in the action-suppressing indirect pathway of the basal ganglia. Consistent with this linkage, the intrinsic properties of cells in this pathway exhibit complex alterations in HD and its models. However, the impact of these changes on activity is poorly understood. Using electrophysiological and optogenetic approaches, we demonstrate that the indirect pathway is highly dysregulated in early symptomatic HD mice through changes in upstream activity and/or intrinsic properties. Furthermore, we reveal that hyperactivity of external globus pallidus neurons and excessive inhibition of their targets are key features of early HD pathophysiology. Together, these findings could help to inform the development and targeting of viral-based, gene therapeutic approaches for HD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua W Callahan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - David L Wokosin
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Mark D Bevan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hirschberg S, Dvorzhak A, Rasooli-Nejad SMA, Angelov S, Kirchner M, Mertins P, Lättig-Tünnemann G, Harms C, Schmitz D, Grantyn R. Uncoupling the Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2 From Its C-Terminal Interactome Restores Synaptic Glutamate Clearance at Corticostriatal Synapses and Alleviates Mutant Huntingtin-Induced Hypokinesia. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:792652. [PMID: 35173582 PMCID: PMC8841566 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.792652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid removal of glutamate from the sites of glutamate release is an essential step in excitatory synaptic transmission. However, despite many years of research, the molecular mechanisms underlying the intracellular regulation of glutamate transport at tripartite synapses have not been fully uncovered. This limits the options for pharmacological treatment of glutamate-related motor disorders, including Huntington’s disease (HD). We therefore investigated the possible binding partners of transgenic EAAT2 and their alterations under the influence of mutant huntingtin (mHTT). Mass spectrometry analysis after pull-down of striatal YFP-EAAT2 from wild-type (WT) mice and heterozygote (HET) Q175 mHTT-knock-in mice identified a total of 148 significant (FDR < 0.05) binders to full-length EAAT2. Of them 58 proteins exhibited mHTT-related differences. Most important, in 26 of the 58 mHTT-sensitive cases, protein abundance changed back toward WT levels when the mice expressed a C-terminal-truncated instead of full-length variant of EAAT2. These findings motivated new attempts to clarify the role of astrocytic EAAT2 regulation in cortico-basal movement control. Striatal astrocytes of Q175 HET mice were targeted by a PHP.B vector encoding EAAT2 with different degree of C-terminal modification, i.e., EAAT2-S506X (truncation at S506), EAAT2-4KR (4 lysine to arginine substitutions) or EAAT2 (full-length). The results were compared to HET and WT injected with a tag-only vector (CTRL). It was found that the presence of a C-terminal-modified EAAT2 transgene (i) increased the level of native EAAT2 protein in striatal lysates and perisynaptic astrocyte processes, (ii) enhanced the glutamate uptake of transduced astrocytes, (iii) stimulated glutamate clearance at individual corticostriatal synapses, (iv) increased the glutamate uptake of striatal astrocytes and (iv) alleviated the mHTT-related hypokinesia (open field indicators of movement initiation). In contrast, over-expression of full-length EAAT2 neither facilitated glutamate uptake nor locomotion. Together, our results support the new hypothesis that preventing abnormal protein-protein interactions at the C-terminal of EAAT2 could eliminate the mHTT-related deficits in corticostriatal synaptic glutamate clearance and movement initiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hirschberg
- Synaptic Dysfunction Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton Dvorzhak
- Synaptic Dysfunction Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Seyed M. A. Rasooli-Nejad
- Synaptic Dysfunction Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Svilen Angelov
- Synaptic Dysfunction Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marieluise Kirchner
- Proteomics Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Proteomics Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gilla Lättig-Tünnemann
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Harms
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rosemarie Grantyn
- Synaptic Dysfunction Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Rosemarie Grantyn,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Welch MA, Jansen LAR, Baro DJ. SUMOylation of the Kv4.2 Ternary Complex Increases Surface Expression and Current Amplitude by Reducing Internalization in HEK 293 Cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:757278. [PMID: 34795560 PMCID: PMC8593141 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.757278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kv4 α-subunits exist as ternary complexes (TC) with potassium channel interacting proteins (KChIP) and dipeptidyl peptidase-like proteins (DPLP); multiple ancillary proteins also interact with the α-subunits throughout the channel’s lifetime. Dynamic regulation of Kv4.2 protein interactions adapts the transient potassium current, IA, mediated by Kv4 α-subunits. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is an 11 kD peptide post-translationally added to lysine (K) residues to regulate protein–protein interactions. We previously demonstrated that when expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, Kv4.2 can be SUMOylated at two K residues, K437 and K579. SUMOylation at K437 increased surface expression of electrically silent channels while SUMOylation at K579 reduced IA maximal conductance (Gmax) without altering surface expression. KChIP and DPLP subunits are known to modify the pattern of Kv4.2 post-translational decorations and/or their effects. In this study, co-expressing Kv4.2 with KChIP2a and DPP10c altered the effects of enhanced Kv4.2 SUMOylation. First, the effect of enhanced SUMOylation was the same for a TC containing either the wild-type Kv4.2 or the mutant K437R Kv4.2, suggesting that either the experimental manipulation no longer enhanced K437 SUMOylation or K437 SUMOylation no longer influenced Kv4.2 surface expression. Second, instead of decreasing IA Gmax, enhanced SUMOylation at K579 now produced a significant ∼37–70% increase in IA maximum conductance (Gmax) and a significant ∼30–50% increase in Kv4.2g surface expression that was accompanied by a 65% reduction in TC internalization. Blocking clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in HEK cells expressing the Kv4.2 TC mimicked and occluded the effect of SUMO on IA Gmax; however, the amount of Kv4.2 associated with the major adaptor for constitutive CME, adaptor protein 2 (AP2), was not SUMO dependent. Thus, SUMOylation reduced Kv4.2 internalization by acting downstream of Kv4.2 recruitment into clathrin-coated pits. In sum, the two major findings of this study are: SUMOylation of Kv4.2 at K579 regulates TC internalization most likely by promoting channel recycling. Additionally, there is a reciprocity between Kv4.2 SUMOylation and the Kv4.2 interactome such that SUMOylation regulates the interactome and the interactome influences the pattern and effect of SUMOylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghyn A Welch
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Deborah J Baro
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Allam SL, Rumbell TH, Hoang-Trong T, Parikh J, Kozloski JR. Neuronal population models reveal specific linear conductance controllers sufficient to rescue preclinical disease phenotypes. iScience 2021; 24:103279. [PMID: 34778727 PMCID: PMC8577087 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical drug candidates are screened for their ability to ameliorate in vitro neuronal electrophysiology, and go/no-go decisions progress drugs to clinical trials based on population means across cells and animals. However, these measures do not mitigate clinical endpoint risk. Population-based modeling captures variability across multiple electrophysiological measures from healthy, disease, and drug phenotypes. We pursued optimizing therapeutic targets by identifying coherent sets of ion channel target modulations for recovering heterogeneous wild-type (WT) population excitability profiles from a heterogeneous Huntington's disease (HD) population. Our approach combines mechanistic simulations with population modeling of striatal neurons using evolutionary optimization algorithms to design 'virtual drugs'. We introduce efficacy metrics to score populations and rank virtual drug candidates. We found virtual drugs using heuristic approaches that performed better than single target modulators and standard classification methods. We compare a real drug to virtual candidates and demonstrate a novel in silico triaging method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita L. Allam
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 13-158B, P.O. Box 218, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - Timothy H. Rumbell
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 13-158B, P.O. Box 218, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - Tuan Hoang-Trong
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 13-158B, P.O. Box 218, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - Jaimit Parikh
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 13-158B, P.O. Box 218, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - James R. Kozloski
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 13-158B, P.O. Box 218, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Crittenden JR, Zhai S, Sauvage M, Kitsukawa T, Burguière E, Thomsen M, Zhang H, Costa C, Martella G, Ghiglieri V, Picconi B, Pescatore KA, Unterwald EM, Jackson WS, Housman DE, Caine SB, Sulzer D, Calabresi P, Smith AC, Surmeier DJ, Graybiel AM. CalDAG-GEFI mediates striatal cholinergic modulation of dendritic excitability, synaptic plasticity and psychomotor behaviors. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 158:105473. [PMID: 34371144 PMCID: PMC8486000 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
CalDAG-GEFI (CDGI) is a protein highly enriched in the striatum, particularly in the principal spiny projection neurons (SPNs). CDGI is strongly down-regulated in two hyperkinetic conditions related to striatal dysfunction: Huntington’s disease and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease. We demonstrate that genetic deletion of CDGI in mice disrupts dendritic, but not somatic, M1 muscarinic receptors (M1Rs) signaling in indirect pathway SPNs. Loss of CDGI reduced temporal integration of excitatory postsynaptic potentials at dendritic glutamatergic synapses and impaired the induction of activity-dependent long-term potentiation. CDGI deletion selectively increased psychostimulant-induced repetitive behaviors, disrupted sequence learning, and eliminated M1R blockade of cocaine self-administration. These findings place CDGI as a major, but previously unrecognized, mediator of cholinergic signaling in the striatum. The effects of CDGI deletion on the self-administration of drugs of abuse and its marked alterations in hyperkinetic extrapyramidal disorders highlight CDGI’s therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill R Crittenden
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shenyu Zhai
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Magdalena Sauvage
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Dept., Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Takashi Kitsukawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eric Burguière
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM U 1127, UPMC-P6 UMR S, 1127, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 boulevard de l'hôpital, Paris, France
| | - Morgane Thomsen
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen and University, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Basic Neuroscience Division, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Neurology, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Cinzia Costa
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Medicine, Hospital Santa Maria della misericordia, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Martella
- Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Karen A Pescatore
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ellen M Unterwald
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Walker S Jackson
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - David E Housman
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - S Barak Caine
- Basic Neuroscience Division, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Neurology, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Neurological Clinic, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Università Cattolica del "Sacro Cuore", 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anne C Smith
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - D James Surmeier
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ann M Graybiel
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Borgini M, Mondal P, Liu R, Wipf P. Chemical modulation of Kv7 potassium channels. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:483-537. [PMID: 34046626 PMCID: PMC8128042 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00328j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising interest in Kv7 modulators originates from their ability to evoke fundamental electrophysiological perturbations in a tissue-specific manner. A large number of therapeutic applications are, in part, based on the clinical experience with two broad-spectrum Kv7 agonists, flupirtine and retigabine. Since precise molecular structures of human Kv7 channel subtypes in closed and open states have only very recently started to emerge, computational studies have traditionally been used to analyze binding modes and direct the development of more potent and selective Kv7 modulators with improved safety profiles. Herein, the synthetic and medicinal chemistry of small molecule modulators and the representative biological properties are summarized. Furthermore, new therapeutic applications supported by in vitro and in vivo assay data are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Borgini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Pravat Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Ruiting Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Light-regulated voltage-gated potassium channels for acute interrogation of channel function in neurons and behavior. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248688. [PMID: 33755670 PMCID: PMC7987177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels regulate the membrane potential and conductance of excitable cells to control the firing rate and waveform of action potentials. Even though Kv channels have been intensely studied for over 70 year, surprisingly little is known about how specific channels expressed in various neurons and their functional properties impact neuronal network activity and behavior in vivo. Although many in vivo genetic manipulations of ion channels have been tried, interpretation of these results is complicated by powerful homeostatic plasticity mechanisms that act to maintain function following perturbations in excitability. To better understand how Kv channels shape network function and behavior, we have developed a novel optogenetic technology to acutely regulate Kv channel expression with light by fusing the light-sensitive LOV domain of Vaucheria frigida Aureochrome 1 to the N-terminus of the Kv1 subunit protein to make an Opto-Kv1 channel. Recording of Opto-Kv1 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes, mammalian cells, and neurons show that blue light strongly induces the current expression of Opto-Kv1 channels in all systems tested. We also find that an Opto-Kv1 construct containing a dominant-negative pore mutation (Opto-Kv1(V400D)) can be used to down-regulate Kv1 currents in a blue light-dependent manner. Finally, to determine whether Opto-Kv1 channels can elicit light-dependent behavioral effect in vivo, we targeted Opto-Kv1 (V400D) expression to Kv1.3-expressing mitral cells of the olfactory bulb in mice. Exposure of the bulb to blue light for 2–3 hours produced a significant increase in sensitivity to novel odors after initial habituation to a similar odor, comparable to behavioral changes seen in Kv1.3 knockout animals. In summary, we have developed novel photoactivatable Kv channels that provide new ways to interrogate neural circuits in vivo and to examine the roles of normal and disease-causing mutant Kv channels in brain function and behavior.
Collapse
|
16
|
Lim SAO, Surmeier DJ. Enhanced GABAergic Inhibition of Cholinergic Interneurons in the zQ175 +/- Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 14:626412. [PMID: 33551760 PMCID: PMC7854471 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.626412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that initially manifests itself in the striatum. How intrastriatal circuitry is altered by the disease is poorly understood. To help fill this gap, the circuitry linking spiny projection neurons (SPNs) to cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) was examined using electrophysiological and optogenetic approaches in ex vivo brain slices from wildtype mice and zQ175+/− models of HD. These studies revealed a severalfold enhancement of GABAergic inhibition of ChIs mediated by collaterals of indirect pathway SPNs (iSPNs), but not direct pathway SPNs (dSPNs). This cell-specific alteration in synaptic transmission appeared in parallel with the emergence of motor symptoms in the zQ175+/− model. The adaptation had a presynaptic locus, as it was accompanied by a reduction in paired-pulse ratio but not in the postsynaptic response to GABA. The alterations in striatal GABAergic signaling disrupted spontaneous ChI activity, potentially contributing to the network dysfunction underlying the hyperkinetic phase of HD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Austin O Lim
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Neuroscience Program, College of Science and Health, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - D James Surmeier
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhan X, Asmara H, Cheng N, Sahu G, Sanchez E, Zhang FX, Zamponi GW, Rho JM, Turner RW. FMRP(1-297)-tat restores ion channel and synaptic function in a model of Fragile X syndrome. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2755. [PMID: 32488011 PMCID: PMC7265297 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16250-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragile X Syndrome results from a loss of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP). We now show that FMRP is a member of a Cav3-Kv4 ion channel complex that is known to regulate A-type potassium current in cerebellar granule cells to produce mossy fiber LTP. Mossy fiber LTP is absent in Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice but is restored by FMRP(1-297)-tat peptide. This peptide further rapidly permeates the blood-brain barrier to enter cells across the cerebellar-cortical axis that restores the balance of protein translation for at least 24 h and transiently reduces elevated levels of activity of adult Fmr1 KO mice in the Open Field Test. These data reveal that FMRP(1-297)-tat can improve function from the levels of protein translation to synaptic efficacy and behaviour in a model of Fragile X syndrome, identifying a potential therapeutic strategy for this genetic disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zhan
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Hadhimulya Asmara
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ning Cheng
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Giriraj Sahu
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Eduardo Sanchez
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Fang-Xiong Zhang
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jong M Rho
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ray W Turner
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shen W, Ren W, Zhai S, Yang B, Vanoye CG, Mitra A, George AL, Surmeier DJ. Striatal Kir2 K+ channel inhibition mediates the antidyskinetic effects of amantadine. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:2593-2601. [PMID: 32310223 PMCID: PMC7190977 DOI: 10.1172/jci133398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) poses a significant health care challenge for Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Amantadine is currently the only drug proven to alleviate LID. Although its efficacy in treating LID is widely assumed to be mediated by blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors, our experiments demonstrate that at therapeutically relevant concentrations, amantadine preferentially blocks inward-rectifying K+ channel type 2 (Kir2) channels in striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) - not NMDA receptors. In so doing, amantadine enhances dendritic integration of excitatory synaptic potentials in SPNs and enhances - not antagonizes - the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) at excitatory, axospinous synapses. Taken together, our studies suggest that the alleviation of LID in PD patients is mediated by diminishing the disparity in the excitability of direct- and indirect-pathway SPNs in the on state, rather than by disrupting LTP induction. This insight points to a pharmacological approach that could be used to effectively ameliorate LID and improve the quality of life for PD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carlos G. Vanoye
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ananya Mitra
- Adamas Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Emeryville, California, USA
| | - Alfred L. George
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lahiri AK, Bevan MD. Dopaminergic Transmission Rapidly and Persistently Enhances Excitability of D1 Receptor-Expressing Striatal Projection Neurons. Neuron 2020; 106:277-290.e6. [PMID: 32075716 PMCID: PMC7182485 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Substantia nigra dopamine neurons have been implicated in the initiation and invigoration of movement, presumably through their modulation of striatal projection neuron (SPN) activity. However, the impact of native dopaminergic transmission on SPN excitability has not been directly demonstrated. Using perforated patch-clamp recording, we found that optogenetic stimulation of nigrostriatal dopamine axons rapidly and persistently elevated the excitability of D1 receptor-expressing SPNs (D1-SPNs). The evoked firing of D1-SPNs increased within hundreds of milliseconds of stimulation and remained elevated for ≥ 10 min. Consistent with the negative modulation of depolarization- and Ca2+-activated K+ currents, dopaminergic transmission accelerated subthreshold depolarization in response to current injection, reduced the latency to fire, and transiently diminished action potential afterhyperpolarization. Persistent modulation was protein kinase A dependent and associated with a reduction in action potential threshold. Together, these data demonstrate that dopaminergic transmission potently increases D1-SPN excitability with a time course that could support subsecond and sustained behavioral control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asha K Lahiri
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mark D Bevan
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ponzi A, Barton SJ, Bunner KD, Rangel-Barajas C, Zhang ES, Miller BR, Rebec GV, Kozloski J. Striatal network modeling in Huntington's Disease. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007648. [PMID: 32302302 PMCID: PMC7197869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) comprise over 90% of cells in the striatum. In vivo MSNs display coherent burst firing cell assembly activity patterns, even though isolated MSNs do not burst fire intrinsically. This activity is important for the learning and execution of action sequences and is characteristically dysregulated in Huntington's Disease (HD). However, how dysregulation is caused by the various neural pathologies affecting MSNs in HD is unknown. Previous modeling work using simple cell models has shown that cell assembly activity patterns can emerge as a result of MSN inhibitory network interactions. Here, by directly estimating MSN network model parameters from single unit spiking data, we show that a network composed of much more physiologically detailed MSNs provides an excellent quantitative fit to wild type (WT) mouse spiking data, but only when network parameters are appropriate for the striatum. We find the WT MSN network is situated in a regime close to a transition from stable to strongly fluctuating network dynamics. This regime facilitates the generation of low-dimensional slowly varying coherent activity patterns and confers high sensitivity to variations in cortical driving. By re-estimating the model on HD spiking data we discover network parameter modifications are consistent across three very different types of HD mutant mouse models (YAC128, Q175, R6/2). In striking agreement with the known pathophysiology we find feedforward excitatory drive is reduced in HD compared to WT mice, while recurrent inhibition also shows phenotype dependency. We show that these modifications shift the HD MSN network to a sub-optimal regime where higher dimensional incoherent rapidly fluctuating activity predominates. Our results provide insight into a diverse range of experimental findings in HD, including cognitive and motor symptoms, and may suggest new avenues for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Ponzi
- IBM Research, Computational Biology Center, Thomas J. Watson Research Laboratories, Yorktown Heights, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Scott J. Barton
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kendra D. Bunner
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Claudia Rangel-Barajas
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Emily S. Zhang
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Benjamin R. Miller
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - George V. Rebec
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - James Kozloski
- IBM Research, Computational Biology Center, Thomas J. Watson Research Laboratories, Yorktown Heights, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Smarr B, Cutler T, Loh DH, Kudo T, Kuljis D, Kriegsfeld L, Ghiani CA, Colwell CS. Circadian dysfunction in the Q175 model of Huntington's disease: Network analysis. J Neurosci Res 2019; 97:1606-1623. [PMID: 31359503 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Disturbances in sleep/wake cycle are a common complaint of individuals with Huntington's disease (HD) and are displayed by HD mouse models. The underlying mechanisms, including the possible role of the circadian timing system, have been the topic of a number of recent studies. The (z)Q175 mouse is a knock-in model in which the human exon 1 sequence of the huntingtin gene is inserted into the mouse DNA with approximately 190 CAG repeats. Among the numerous models available, the heterozygous Q175 offers strong construct validity with a single copy of the mutation, genetic precision of the insertion and control of mutation copy number. In this review, we will summarize the evidence that this model exhibits disrupted diurnal and circadian rhythms in locomotor activity. We found overwhelming evidence for autonomic dysfunction including blunted daily rhythms in heart rate and core body temperature (CBT), reduced heart rate variability, and almost a complete failure of the sympathetic arm of the autonomic nervous system to function during the baroreceptor reflex. Mechanistically, the Q175 mouse model exhibits deficits in the neural output of the central circadian clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus along with an enhancement of at least one type of potassium current in these neurons. Finally, we report a novel network analysis examining the phase coherence between activity, CBT, and cardiovascular measures. Such analyses found that even young Q175 mutants (heterozygous or homozygous) show coherence degradation, and suggests that loss of phase coherence is a variable that should be considered as a possible biomarker for HD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Smarr
- Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California.,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Tamara Cutler
- Laboratory of Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dawn H Loh
- Laboratory of Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Laboratory of Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dika Kuljis
- Laboratory of Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lance Kriegsfeld
- Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California.,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Cristina A Ghiani
- Laboratory of Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pathology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher S Colwell
- Laboratory of Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|