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Reza MH, Dutta S, Goyal R, Shah H, Dey G, Sanyal K. Expansion microscopy reveals characteristic ultrastructural features of pathogenic budding yeast species. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs262046. [PMID: 39051746 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most prevalent fungal pathogen associated with candidemia. Similar to other fungi, the complex life cycle of C. albicans has been challenging to study with high-resolution microscopy due to its small size. Here, we employed ultrastructure expansion microscopy (U-ExM) to directly visualise subcellular structures at high resolution in the yeast and during its transition to hyphal growth. N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-ester pan-labelling in combination with immunofluorescence via snapshots of various mitotic stages provided a comprehensive map of nucleolar and mitochondrial segregation dynamics and enabled the resolution of the inner and outer plaque of spindle pole bodies (SPBs). Analyses of microtubules (MTs) and SPBs suggest that C. albicans displays a side-by-side SPB arrangement with a short mitotic spindle and longer astral MTs (aMTs) at the pre-anaphase stage. Modifications to the established U-ExM protocol enabled the expansion of six other human fungal pathogens, revealing that the side-by-side SPB configuration is a plausibly conserved feature shared by many fungal species. We highlight the power of U-ExM to investigate subcellular organisation at high resolution and low cost in poorly studied and medically relevant microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Hashim Reza
- Molecular Mycology Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Srijana Dutta
- Molecular Mycology Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Rohit Goyal
- Molecular Mycology Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Hiral Shah
- Cell Biology and Biophysics, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Gautam Dey
- Cell Biology and Biophysics, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Kaustuv Sanyal
- Molecular Mycology Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, EN-80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700091, India
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Hinterndorfer K, Laporte MH, Mikus F, Tafur L, Bourgoint C, Prouteau M, Dey G, Loewith R, Guichard P, Hamel V. Ultrastructure expansion microscopy reveals the cellular architecture of budding and fission yeast. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:286062. [PMID: 36524422 PMCID: PMC10112979 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The budding and fission yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe have served as invaluable model organisms to study conserved fundamental cellular processes. Although super-resolution microscopy has in recent years paved the way to a better understanding of the spatial organization of molecules in cells, its wide use in yeasts has remained limited due to the specific know-how and instrumentation required, contrasted with the relative ease of endogenous tagging and live-cell fluorescence microscopy. To facilitate super-resolution microscopy in yeasts, we have extended the ultrastructure expansion microscopy (U-ExM) method to both S. cerevisiae and S. pombe, enabling a 4-fold isotropic expansion. We demonstrate that U-ExM allows imaging of the microtubule cytoskeleton and its associated spindle pole body, notably unveiling the Sfi1p–Cdc31p spatial organization on the appendage bridge structure. In S. pombe, we validate the method by monitoring the homeostatic regulation of nuclear pore complex number through the cell cycle. Combined with NHS-ester pan-labelling, which provides a global cellular context, U-ExM reveals the subcellular organization of these two yeast models and provides a powerful new method to augment the already extensive yeast toolbox.
This article has an associated First Person interview with Kerstin Hinterndorfer and Felix Mikus, two of the joint first authors of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Hinterndorfer
- University of Geneva 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Marine H. Laporte
- University of Geneva 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Felix Mikus
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory 2 Cell Biology and Biophysics , , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Lucas Tafur
- University of Geneva 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Clélia Bourgoint
- University of Geneva 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Manoel Prouteau
- University of Geneva 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Gautam Dey
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory 2 Cell Biology and Biophysics , , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Robbie Loewith
- University of Geneva 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Paul Guichard
- University of Geneva 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Virginie Hamel
- University of Geneva 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , , Geneva , Switzerland
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3
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Saha S, Unruh JR, Jaspersen SL. Distribution of γ-tubulin ring complex at the Schizosaccharomyces pombe spindle pole. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2021; 2021:10.17912/micropub.biology.000464. [PMID: 35622906 PMCID: PMC9015813 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule nucleation is mediated by the conserved γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC). Using super-resolution microscopy, we investigate the distribution of γ-TuRC components at the spindle pole body (SPB) in wild-type
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
. We observed asymmetric distribution of γ-TuRC on its nuclear and cytoplasmic surfaces, consistent with the uneven distribution of microtubules. Examination of deletion mutants in the three non-essential γ-TuRC subunits showed defects in γ-TuRC accumulation on the old and new SPB, particularly in cells lacking
alp16+
(the Gcp6 ortholog) that may explain the monopolar spindles observed in this mutant upon mitotic entry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sue L Jaspersen
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research
,
Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center
,
Correspondence to: Sue L Jaspersen (
)
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Jaspersen SL. Anatomy of the fungal microtubule organizing center, the spindle pole body. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2020; 66:22-31. [PMID: 33113389 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The fungal kingdom is large and diverse, representing extremes of ecology, life cycles and morphology. At a cellular level, the diversity among fungi is particularly apparent at the spindle pole body (SPB). This nuclear envelope embedded structure, which is essential for microtubule nucleation, shows dramatically different morphologies between different fungi. However, despite phenotypic diversity, many SPB components are conserved, suggesting commonalities in structure, function and duplication. Here, I review the organization of the most well-studied SPBs and describe how advances in genomics, genetics and cell biology have accelerated knowledge of SPB architecture in other fungi, providing insights into microtubule nucleation and other processes conserved across eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue L Jaspersen
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, United States; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States.
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Geymonat M, Peng Q, Guo Z, Yu Z, Unruh JR, Jaspersen SL, Segal M. Orderly assembly underpinning built-in asymmetry in the yeast centrosome duplication cycle requires cyclin-dependent kinase. eLife 2020; 9:59222. [PMID: 32851976 PMCID: PMC7470843 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric astral microtubule organization drives the polarized orientation of the S. cerevisiae mitotic spindle and primes the invariant inheritance of the old spindle pole body (SPB, the yeast centrosome) by the bud. This model has anticipated analogous centrosome asymmetries featured in self-renewing stem cell divisions. We previously implicated Spc72, the cytoplasmic receptor for the gamma-tubulin nucleation complex, as the most upstream determinant linking SPB age, functional asymmetry and fate. Here we used structured illumination microscopy and biochemical analysis to explore the asymmetric landscape of nucleation sites inherently built into the spindle pathway and under the control of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). We show that CDK enforces Spc72 asymmetric docking by phosphorylating Nud1/centriolin. Furthermore, CDK-imposed order in the construction of the new SPB promotes the correct balance of nucleation sites between the nuclear and cytoplasmic faces of the SPB. Together these contributions by CDK inherently link correct SPB morphogenesis, age and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Geymonat
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Qiuran Peng
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zhiang Guo
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zulin Yu
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, United States
| | - Jay R Unruh
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, United States
| | - Sue L Jaspersen
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, United States.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States
| | - Marisa Segal
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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