1
|
Isomursu A, Alanko J, Hernández-Pérez S, Saukkonen K, Saari M, Mattila PK, Ivaska J. Dynamic Micropatterning Reveals Substrate-Dependent Differences in the Geometric Control of Cell Polarization and Migration. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300719. [PMID: 37926786 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Cells are highly dynamic and adopt variable shapes and sizes. These variations are biologically important but challenging to investigate in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. Micropatterning, confining cells on microfabricated substrates with defined geometries and molecular compositions, is a powerful tool for controlling cell shape and interactions. However, conventional binary micropatterns are static and fail to address dynamic changes in cell polarity, spreading, and migration. Here, a method for dynamic micropatterning is reported, where the non-adhesive surface surrounding adhesive micropatterns is rapidly converted to support specific cell-matrix interactions while allowing simultaneous imaging of the cells. The technique is based on ultraviolet photopatterning of biotinylated polyethylene glycol-grafted poly-L-lysine, and it is simple, inexpensive, and compatible with a wide range of streptavidin-conjugated ligands. Experiments using biotinylation-based dynamic micropatterns reveal that distinct extracellular matrix ligands and bivalent integrin-clustering antibodies support different degrees of front-rear polarity in human glioblastoma cells, which correlates to altered directionality and persistence upon release and migration on fibronectin. Unexpectedly, however, neither an asymmetric cell shape nor centrosome orientation can fully predict the future direction of migration. Taken together, biotinylation-based dynamic micropatterns allow easily accessible and highly customizable control over cell morphology and motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksi Isomursu
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Jonna Alanko
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Sara Hernández-Pérez
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine and MediCity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Karla Saukkonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Markku Saari
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Pieta K Mattila
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine and MediCity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Western Finnish Cancer Center (FICAN West), University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Jiang W, Zhou X, Long Y, Sun Y, Zeng Y, Yao X. Advances in Regulating Cellular Behavior Using Micropatterns. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2023; 96:527-547. [PMID: 38161579 PMCID: PMC10751872 DOI: 10.59249/uxoh1740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Micropatterns, characterized as distinct physical microstructures or chemical adhesion matrices on substance surfaces, have emerged as a powerful tool for manipulating cellular activity. By creating specific extracellular matrix microenvironments, micropatterns can influence various cell behaviors, including orientation, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the use of micropatterns for cell behavior regulation. It discusses the influence of micropattern morphology and coating on cell behavior and the underlying mechanisms. It also highlights future research directions in this field, aiming to inspire new investigations in materials medicine, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering. The review underscores the potential of micropatterns as a novel approach for controlling cell behavior, which could pave the way for breakthroughs in various biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral
Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R.
China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Xintong Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Yicen Long
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Yujia Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Ye Zeng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Xinghong Yao
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,
Department of Radiotherapy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan
Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital
of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R.
China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ho KKY, Srivastava S, Kinnunen PC, Garikipati K, Luker GD, Luker KE. Oscillatory ERK Signaling and Morphology Determine Heterogeneity of Breast Cancer Cell Chemotaxis via MEK-ERK and p38-MAPK Signaling Pathways. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020269. [PMID: 36829763 PMCID: PMC9952091 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotaxis, regulated by oscillatory signals, drives critical processes in cancer metastasis. Crucial chemoattractant molecules in breast cancer, CXCL12 and EGF, drive the activation of ERK and Akt. Regulated by feedback and crosstalk mechanisms, oscillatory signals in ERK and Akt control resultant changes in cell morphology and chemotaxis. While commonly studied at the population scale, metastasis arises from small numbers of cells that successfully disseminate, underscoring the need to analyze processes that cancer cells use to connect oscillatory signaling to chemotaxis at single-cell resolution. Furthermore, little is known about how to successfully target fast-migrating cells to block metastasis. We investigated to what extent oscillatory networks in single cells associate with heterogeneous chemotactic responses and how targeted inhibitors block signaling processes in chemotaxis. We integrated live, single-cell imaging with time-dependent data processing to discover oscillatory signal processes defining heterogeneous chemotactic responses. We identified that short ERK and Akt waves, regulated by MEK-ERK and p38-MAPK signaling pathways, determine the heterogeneous random migration of cancer cells. By comparison, long ERK waves and the morphological changes regulated by MEK-ERK signaling, determine heterogeneous directed motion. This study indicates that treatments against chemotaxis in consider must interrupt oscillatory signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K. Y. Ho
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Siddhartha Srivastava
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Patrick C. Kinnunen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Krishna Garikipati
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gary D. Luker
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: (G.D.L.); (K.E.L.)
| | - Kathryn E. Luker
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: (G.D.L.); (K.E.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Naylor A, Zheng Y, Jiao Y, Sun B. Micromechanical remodeling of the extracellular matrix by invading tumors: anisotropy and heterogeneity. SOFT MATTER 2022; 19:9-16. [PMID: 36503977 PMCID: PMC9867555 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01100j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Altered tissue mechanics is an important signature of invasive solid tumors. While the phenomena have been extensively studied by measuring the bulk rheology of the extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding tumors, micromechanical remodeling at the cellular scale remains poorly understood. By combining holographic optical tweezers and confocal microscopy on in vitro tumor models, we show that the micromechanics of collagen ECM surrounding an invading tumor demonstrate directional anisotropy, spatial heterogeneity and significant variations in time as tumors invade. To test the cellular mechanisms of ECM micromechanical remodeling, we construct a simple computational model and verify its predictions with experiments. We find that collective force generation of a tumor stiffens the ECM and leads to anisotropic local mechanics such that the extension direction is more rigid than the compression direction. ECM degradation by cell-secreted matrix metalloproteinase softens the ECM, and active traction forces from individual disseminated cells re-stiffen the matrix. Together, these results identify plausible biophysical mechanisms responsible for the remodeled ECM micromechanics surrounding an invading tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Austin Naylor
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|