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Yang T, Gu X, Jia L, Guo J, Tang Q, Zhu J, Zhao W, Feng Z. DSG2 expression is low in colon cancer and correlates with poor survival. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:7. [PMID: 33407183 PMCID: PMC7789404 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Desmoglein2 (DSG2) is a transmembrane protein that helps regulate intercellular connections and contributes to desmosome assembly. Desmosome are associated with cell adhesion junctions, which play an important role in cancer progression specially cancer cell migration and invasion. However, DSG2 expression in colon cancer (CC) and its association with CC patients’ overall survival (OS) are still unclear. Methods We collected 587 CC samples, 41 colitis tissues and 114 pericarcinomatous tissues, as well as corresponding clinicopathological data about the patients who contributed them. All samples were tested immunohistochemically in tissue microarrays. Kaplan–Meier method was used for calculating patient survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses was used for investigating DGS2 link with CC patient’s clinicopathological factors. Bioinformatics analysis was also used in study. Results The results showed that DSG2 expression was lower in CC tissues than in pericarcinomatous tissues (P < 0.001). DSG2 expression was associated with differentiation (P = 0.033), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.045), distant metastasis (P = 0.006) and AJCC stage (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis indicated that poor OS in patients with CC was associated with low DSG2 expression (P < 0.001), tumor size (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P < 0.001), AJCC stage (P < 0.001) and venous invasion (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, low DSG2 expression (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P < 0.001), AJCC stage (P = 0.002), venous invasion (P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for CC patients. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that low DSG2 expression affects protein activation, regulates the P53-related pathway in CC, and activates the EGFR pathway. Conclusions The results suggest that low DSG2 expression is associated with poor survival for CC patients. DSG2 could be a prognostic biomarker for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xuan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jiaojiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| | - Zhenqing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Jiangsu Key Lab. of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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He LY, Zhang M, Chen ZW, Yuan JL, Ye DW, Ma LL, Wei H, Yang JG, Chen S, Wan B, Xia SJ, Weng ZL, Kong XB, Wei Q, Jin FS, Zhang XH, Qian WQ, Wang SS, Chen YH, Ma HS, Sun YH, Gao X. Triptorelin relieves lower urinary tract symptoms in Chinese advanced prostate cancer patients: a multicenter, non-interventional, prospective study. BMC Urol 2018; 18:23. [PMID: 29587718 PMCID: PMC5869784 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-018-0337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although triptorelin is increasingly used in China for biochemical castration, its effects on primary prostate cancer symptoms remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in Chinese prostate cancer patients and the effectiveness of triptorelin on LUTS. METHODS In this 48-week multicenter, non-interventional, prospective study, we enrolled patients with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer. Patients received triptorelin (15 mg) intramuscularly at baseline and at weeks 12, 24, and 36 with symptom assessment using the International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS). The primary endpoints were the prevalence of LUTS at baseline per IPSS categories and the percentage of patients with moderate to severe LUTS (IPSS > 7) at baseline, having at least a 3-point reduction of IPSS score at week 48. RESULTS A total of 398 patients were included; 211 (53.0%) and 160 (40.2%) among them had severe and moderate LUTS, respectively. Of the patients with IPSS scores available at baseline and at week 48 (n = 213), 81.2% achieved a reduction in IPSS of at least 3 points. Of the patients with moderate to severe LUTS at baseline and IPSS scores available at baseline and at week 48 (n = 194), 86.6% achieved a total IPSS reduction of at least 3 points. CONCLUSIONS The vast majority of Chinese patients with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer scheduled to receive triptorelin as part of their standard treatment have severe or moderate LUTS. Triptorelin therapy resulted in sustained improvement of LUTS in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Ye He
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Chen
- Department of Urology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Lin Yuan
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ding-Wei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Lin Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urological Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiang-Gen Yang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Ji'nan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ben Wan
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital of the Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Jie Xia
- Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Weng
- Department of Urinary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Bo Kong
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Departmentof Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng-Shuo Jin
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang-Hua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shougang Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Qing Qian
- Department of Urology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-He Chen
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong-Shun Ma
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying-Hao Sun
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Jiang P, Wu X, Wang X, Huang W, Feng Q. NEAT1 upregulates EGCG-induced CTR1 to enhance cisplatin sensitivity in lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43337-43351. [PMID: 27270317 PMCID: PMC5190027 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based drugs are the firstline of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but resistance to these drugs is a major obstacle to effective chemotherapy. Our previous study revealed that the green tea polyphenol, EGCG, induced cisplatin transporter CTR1 (copper transporter 1) and enhanced cisplatin sensitivity in ovarian cancer. In this study, we found that EGCG upregulated CTR1 and increased platinum accumulation in NSCLC (A549, H460 and H1299) cells, cDDP-resistant A549 cells and a nude mouse xenograft model. Cisplatin-induced inhibition of cell growth was enhanced by EGCG treatment in vitro and in vivo. MicroRNA hsa-mir-98-5p appears to suppress CTR1 gene expression, while long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) appears to enhance it. Bioinformatics analysis showed that hsa-mir-98-5p has specific complementary binding sites for NEAT1. In addition, hsa-mir-98-5p was predicted to be a putative CTR1 target. NEAT1 may act as a competing endogenous lncRNA to upregulate EGCG-induced CTR1 by sponging hsa-mir-98-5p in NSCLC. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism how NEAT1 upregulates EGCG-induced CTR1 and enhances cisplatin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo, and suggest EGCG could serve as an effective adjuvant chemotherapeutic in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional Resources, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nanjing First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Hu X, Jiang L, Tang C, Ju Y, Jiu L, Wei Y, Guo L, Zhao Y. Association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms of ESR1with breast cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis. J Biomed Res 2017; 31:213-225. [PMID: 28808214 PMCID: PMC5460609 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.31.20160087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of estrogen receptors is correlated with breast cancer risk, but inconsistent results have been reported. To clarify potential estrogen receptor (ESR)-related breast cancer risk, we analyzed genetic variants of ESR1 in association with breast cancer susceptibility. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between rs2234693, rs1801132, and rs2046210 (single nucleotide polymorphisms of ESR1 ), and breast cancer risk. Our analysis included 44 case-control studies. For rs2234693, the CC genotype had a higher risk of breast cancer compared to the TT or CT genotype. For rs2046210, the AA, GA, or GA+ GG genotype had a much higher risk compared to the GG genotype. No significant association was found for the rs1801132 polymorphism with breast cancer risk. This meta-analysis demonstrates association between the rs2234693 and rs2046210 polymorphisms of ESR1 and breast cancer risk. The correlation strength between rs2234693 and breast cancer susceptibility differs in subgroup assessment by ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Hu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Linfei Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Chenhui Tang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yuehong Ju
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Li Jiu
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Li Guo
- School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Zhang H, Qu X, Ma X, Wang T, Yang Y, Ge Z, Zhang Z, Bai Z, Gao Y, Yuan Z, Wang Z. TXR1 and TSP1 expression varies by the molecular subtypes of breast cancer patients who received previous docetaxel-based first-line chemotherapy. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:1919-1923. [PMID: 27407097 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216657443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of taxol resistance gene 1 and thrombospondin 1 remains unknown in human breast cancer tissues. In the current study, we sought to measure the mRNA expression levels of taxol resistance gene 1 and thrombospondin 1 in breast cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue specimens and further analyzed their expression according to the molecular subtypes and age of breast cancer patients who had received taxane-containing regimens. Archived breast cancer and adjacent non-tumor tissue specimens were obtained at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. The mRNA transcript levels of taxol resistance gene 1, thrombospondin 1 and multi-drug resistance 1 were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Taxol resistance gene 1 and multi-drug resistance 1 protein levels were measured by immunoblotting assays. Forty-nine archived breast cancer tissue specimens were included. The majority of the specimens (65.3%) were of the molecular subtype A followed by triple negative breast cancer (14.3%). The mRNA transcript levels of taxol resistance gene 1 , thrombospondin 1 and multi-drug resistance 1 in breast cancer tissues were higher than those of adjacent normal tissues. The mRNA expression of TXR1 in the HER2 subtype (4.513 ± 0.810) was the highest and in the Luminal B subtype was the lowest (3.103 ± 0.417) among the four molecular subtypes. The HER2 subtype also had the highest mRNA expression of thrombospondin 1(4.827 ± 0.927) and the Luminal B subtype had the lowest TSP1 mRNA level (3.197 ± 0.565) among the four molecular subtypes. Our study represents the first attempt in delineating taxol resistance gene 1 and thrombospondin 1 expression in breast cancer and we demonstrate that taxol resistance gene 1 and thrombospondin 1 expression may vary according to the molecular subtypes of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiang Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xuemei Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhicheng Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhigang Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yinguang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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Wang N, Wang Z, Wang Y, Xie X, Shen J, Peng C, You J, Peng F, Tang H, Guan X, Chen J. Dietary compound isoliquiritigenin prevents mammary carcinogenesis by inhibiting breast cancer stem cells through WIF1 demethylation. Oncotarget 2016; 6:9854-76. [PMID: 25918249 PMCID: PMC4496402 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as the root of mammary tumorigenesis. Previous studies have demonstrated that ISL efficiently limited the activities of breast CSCs. However, the cancer prevention activities of ISL and its precise molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we report a novel function of ISL as a natural demethylation agent targeting WIF1 to prevent breast cancer. ISL administration suppressed in vivo breast cancer initiation and progression, accompanied by reduced CSC-like populations. A global gene expression profile assay further identified WIF1 as the main response gene of ISL treatment, accompanied by the simultaneous downregulation of β-catenin signaling and G0/G1 phase arrest in breast CSCs. In addition, WIF1 inhibition significantly relieved the CSC-limiting effects of ISL and methylation analysis further revealed that ISL enhanced WIF1 gene expression via promoting the demethylation of its promoter, which was closely correlated with the inhibition of DNMT1 methyltransferase. Molecular docking analysis finally revealed that ISL could stably dock into the catalytic domain of DNMT1. Taken together, our findings not only provide preclinical evidence to demonstrate the use of ISL as a dietary supplement to inhibit mammary carcinogenesis but also shed novel light on WIF1 as an epigenetic target for breast cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieshu You
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fu Peng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hailin Tang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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Wang X, Jiang P, Wang P, Yang CS, Wang X, Feng Q. EGCG Enhances Cisplatin Sensitivity by Regulating Expression of the Copper and Cisplatin Influx Transporter CTR1 in Ovary Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125402. [PMID: 25927922 PMCID: PMC4416002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the first-line platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of many types of cancer, including ovary cancer. CTR1 (copper transporter 1), a transmembrane solute carrier transporter, has previously been shown to increase the cellular uptake and sensitivity of cisplatin. It is hypothesized that increased CTR1 expression would enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to cisplatin (cDDP). The present study demonstrates for the first time that (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol from green tea, can enhance CTR1 mRNA and protein expression in ovarian cancer cells and xenograft mice. EGCG inhibits the rapid degradation of CTR1 induced by cDDP. The combination of EGCG and cDDP increases the accumulation of cDDP and DNA-Pt adducts, and subsequently enhances the sensitivity of ovarian cancer SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells to the chemotherapeutic agent. In the OVCAR3 ovarian cancer xenograft nude mice model, the combination of the lower concentration of cDDP and EGCG strongly repressed the tumor growth and exhibited protective effect on the nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin. Overall, these findings uncover a novel chemotherapy mechanism of EGCG as an adjuvant for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional Resources, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengqi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chung S. Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Center for Cancer Prevention Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Xuerong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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