1
|
Wang H, Pei Z, Liu Y. Effects of square dance exercise on cognitive function in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment: the mediating role of balance ability and executive function. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:156. [PMID: 38360628 PMCID: PMC10870555 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04714-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Square dancing is a kind of aerobic fitness exercise without environmental restrictions that yields many benefits for physical and mental health; this exercise is popular among middle-aged and elderly people in China and in these populations in other countries. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of square dance exercise on the overall cognitive function of elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to research its mechanisms. METHODS A total of 60 elderly people with MCI (60-69 years old) without square dance experience were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30). The experimental group participated in square dance exercise for 12 weeks, while the control group maintained their original lifestyle habits. One week before and after the intervention period, the overall cognitive function, physical fitness, and executive function of both groups were measured. RESULTS According to the results, square dance exercise directly improved the overall cognitive function of elderly individuals with MCI and indirectly affected overall cognitive function through the mediating effects of balance ability and executive function. CONCLUSIONS Square dance exercise represents a nonpharmacological intervention for the prevention and treatment of MCI. Importantly, it is best to combine this exercise with other forms of physical exercise and comprehensive treatment programs such as cognitive training, social interaction, and psychological intervention to realize its maximum effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Zhengguo Pei
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Teraoka K, Tsuji T, Jindo T, Tokunaga S, Okura T. [Changes in the physical fitness of elderly people in the COVID-19 pandemic: An examination using performance tests]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2022; 59:491-500. [PMID: 36476697 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.59.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to ascertain the physical-fitness trends among community-dwelling older adults using performance testing. The results of the evaluation conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic were compared to data from the pre-pandemic period. METHODS A total of 240 community-dwelling older adults who participated in a health checkup program from 2016-2020 underwent the following tests: grip strength (upper limb muscle), single-leg balance with eyes open (static balance), sit-and-reach test (flexibility), timed up-and-go test (TUG, functional mobility), 5 meter habitual walk (walking ability), and hand working with pegboard (hand dexterity). Linear mixed effect models were applied to the hierarchical dataset: repeated data (Level 1), pre-pandemic (2016-2019), pandemic (2019-2020) (Level 2), and individuals (Level 3). Fixed effects and interactions were estimated for the survey year (Level 1), and between the survey year and pre- and post-pandemic (Level 2), with the range of decline set measured in terms of its standardized partial regression coefficient, "B," from 2019-2020. RESULTS The items for which significant cross-level interactions were identified. In males, the following items showed significant cross-level interactions: sit and reach test (B=-2.56, 95% CI: -4.45--0.66 cm), TUG (+0.39, 0.21-0.56 sec) and 5 meter habitual walk (+0.15, 0.04-0.27 sec). In females items except single-leg balance with eyes open showed significant cross-level interactions: grip strength (-0.58, -1.11--0.05 kg), sit-and-reach test (-3.53, -5.11--1.95 cm), TUG (+0.15, 0.03-0.27 sec), for 5 meter habitual walk (+0.14, 0.04-0.24 sec), and hand working with pegboard (+0.89, 0.28-1.51 sec). CONCLUSION In both males and females, a significant deterioration in flexibility and mobility movement ability was observed in 2019-2020. In addition, upper limb muscle strength and hand dexterity movement deteriorated in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Teraoka
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Degree Programs in Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba.,Tokyo Health Cooperative Association
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Takashi Jindo
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Satoshi Tokunaga
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Degree Programs in Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba.,Department of Rehabilitation, Ushio Hospital
| | - Tomohiro Okura
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba.,Research and Development Center for Tailor-Made QOL, University of Tsukuba.,International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sato M, Betriana F, Tanioka R, Osaka K, Tanioka T, Schoenhofer S. Balance of Autonomic Nervous Activity, Exercise, and Sleep Status in Older Adults: A Review of the Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412896. [PMID: 34948506 PMCID: PMC8701130 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While older people are frequently known to experience sleep disturbances, there are also many older people who have a good quality of sleep. However, little is known about the balance of autonomic nervous activity, exercise habits, and sleep status in healthy older adults. This study reviews the literature regarding balance of the autonomic nervous activity, exercise, and sleep in healthy older adults. Relevant articles were searched from electronic databases using the combination of the following keywords: "Autonomic nervous activity", "sleep status", "sleep", "healthy older adults", "aging", "heart rate variability (HRV)" and "exercise". Articles were included if they met inclusion criteria: (1) Published in English, (2) Article types: research and review articles, (3) Main outcome was related to the autonomic nervous activity, lifestyle, sleep, and/or healthy aging, and (4) Fully accessed. From 877 articles that were identified, 16 articles were included for review. Results showed that the autonomic nervous activity changes with increasing age, particularly a constant decline in cardiac vagal modulation due to the significant decrease in the nocturnal parasympathetic activity. In addition, the autonomic nervous activity was also related to sleep status and lifestyle, particularly the capability to exercise. In preparing older people toward a healthy aging, maintaining good sleep quality and exercise is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Sato
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku 783-8505, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-88-880-2555
| | - Feni Betriana
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8509, Japan; (F.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Ryuichi Tanioka
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8509, Japan; (F.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Kyoko Osaka
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku 783-8505, Japan;
| | - Tetsuya Tanioka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8509, Japan;
- Anne Boykin Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA;
| | - Savina Schoenhofer
- Anne Boykin Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shaughnessy KA, Hackney KJ, Clark BC, Kraemer WJ, Terbizan DJ, Bailey RR, McGrath R. A Narrative Review of Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Functioning: Bringing a New Characteristic to Muscle Memory. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 73:1265-1278. [PMID: 31929158 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measures of handgrip strength have not only emerged as a clinically viable screening tool for determining risk for morbidity, functional disability, and early mortality, but also for helping to identify cognitive deficits. However, the phenomena that links low handgrip strength with cognitive decline remains unclear. The role of the muscular and neural systems, and their adaptations to muscle strengthening activities over the life course, may provide important information for how age-related changes to muscle mass, strength, and neural capacity influence cognition. Moreover, disentangling how handgrip strength and cognitive function are associated may help to inform healthcare providers working with aging adults and guide targeted interventions aiming to preserve muscle and cognitive functioning. OBJECTIVE To 1) highlight and summarize evidence examining the associations of handgrip strength and cognitive functioning, and 2) provide directions for future research in this area. METHODS Articles from the PubMed database were searched from November 2018-May 2019. The search term algorithm, inclusion and exclusion criteria were pre-specified by investigators. RESULTS Several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have revealed that measures of handgrip strength were associated with cognitive declines regardless of age demographics and the presence of comorbidities. CONCLUSION Handgrip strength can be used in clinical and epidemiological settings for helping to determine the onset and progression of cognitive impairment. Future research should continue to examine how handgrip strength and cognitive function are linked.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Shaughnessy
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Kyle J Hackney
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Brian C Clark
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - William J Kraemer
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Donna J Terbizan
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Ryan R Bailey
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan McGrath
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Okura T, Tsuji T, Tsunoda K, Kitano N, Yoon JY, Saghazadeh M, Soma Y, Yoon J, Kim M, Jindo T, Shen S, Abe T, Sato A, Kunika S, Fujii K, Sugahara H, Yano M, Mitsuishi Y. Study protocol and overview of the Kasama Study: Creating a comprehensive, community-based system for preventive nursing care and supporting successful aging. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL FITNESS AND SPORTS MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.7600/jpfsm.6.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Okura
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Kenji Tsunoda
- Faculty of Social Welfare, Yamaguchi Prefectural University
| | - Naruki Kitano
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare
| | - Ji-Yeong Yoon
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | | | - Yuki Soma
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Jieun Yoon
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Mijin Kim
- Doctoral Program in Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Takashi Jindo
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare
| | - Shaoshuai Shen
- Doctoral Program in Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Takumi Abe
- Doctoral Program in Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Ayane Sato
- Doctoral Program in Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Shoko Kunika
- Doctoral Program in Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Keisuke Fujii
- Doctoral Program in Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Haruka Sugahara
- Master's Program in Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Miki Yano
- Master's Program in Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abe T, Jindo T, Soma Y, Tsunoda K, Kitano N, Yoon JY, Okura T. [Validity and reliability of the "Trail Making Peg" test as a performance measurement for evaluating the cognitive function]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2015; 52:71-8. [PMID: 25786631 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.52.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the validity and reliability of a novel performance test, called the "Trail Making Peg" (TMP) test, for evaluating the cognitive function. METHODS We recruited 632 community-dwelling older adults (mean age: 73.3±5.2 years) as subjects for the assessment of the validity of the test and 319 adults (mean age: 73.1±5.2 years) as subjects for the assessment of reliability. Five cognitive tests (5-Cog) were used to evaluate the cognitive function, and the degree of cognitive decline was delineated for subjects scoring below 1 SD from the mean 5-Cog score. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was employed to calculate the cut-off point. RESULTS There were no sex differences in the TMP scores (P=0.951), and the TMP and 5-Cog scores were found to correlate significantly (r=-0.63) with each other. The Trail Making Peg test demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.855 for discriminating between non-cognitive decline and cognitive decline. At this cutoff point, the sensitivity was 85% and the specificity was 69%. The intraclass correlation coefficient of the TMP was 0.746. CONCLUSIONS The TMP exhibits sufficient validity and reliability. Our results suggest that TMP is a useful screening test for detecting cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Abe
- Master's Program in Physical Education, Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|