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Ribeiro RS, Sasaki NSGMDS, Queiroz AMDA, Ferreira ACM, Segura GDS, Santos MDLSG, Souza LHD, Lourenção LG. Factors influencing the positivity of diagnostic tests for congenital syphilis. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e20231006. [PMID: 38656062 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20231006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the positivity of treponemal and non-treponemal tests in cases of congenital syphilis. METHODS This cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out from the analysis of the database of Disease and Notification Information System (SINAN, in Portuguese) using the data obtained through the Epidemiological Surveillance Group 29, with 639 notifications of congenital syphilis between 2007 and 2018. The data were analyzed by a descriptive and inferential analysis from logistic regression with a significance level of 5% (p≤0.05). RESULTS The positivity of the treponemal test was higher by 4.5 times in infants living in rural areas and 19.6 times among those whose mothers obtained the diagnosis of syphilis after birth. The treponemal test showed positivity 3.2 times higher for the variable "having been diagnosed between 2007 and 2015" and 5.5 times higher for the variable "having been diagnosed with maternal syphilis in the postpartum period." CONCLUSION This study shows that testing during prenatal care is essential for early diagnosis and prevention of syphilis complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lara Helk de Souza
- Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
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Lara-Escandell M, Gamberini C, Juliana NC, Al-Nasiry S, Morré SA, Ambrosino E. The association between non-viral sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy outcome in Latin America and the Caribbean: A systematic review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23338. [PMID: 38187347 PMCID: PMC10767377 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-viral sexually transmitted infections are known to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. For these pathogens, standard antenatal screening is not broadly performed in Latin America and the Caribbean. The aim of this study was to comprehensively review the association of non-viral sexually transmitted infections and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women in the region. Methods Four databases (PubMed, Embase, SciELO and LILACS) were examined to identify eligible studies published up to September 2022. English or Spanish cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies assessing the association of non-viral sexually transmitted infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes were evaluated. Articles were firstly screened by means of title and abstract. Potential articles were fully read and assessed for inclusion according to the eligibility criteria. Snowballing search was performed by screening of bibliographies of the chosen potentially relevant papers. Risk of bias within studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute reviewer's manual. Results A selection of 10 out of 9772 search records from five Latin America and the Caribbean countries were included. Six studies associated Treponema pallidum infection with preterm birth (1/6), history of previous spontaneous abortion (2/6), fetal and infant death (1/6), low birth weight (1/6) and funisitis of the umbilical cord (1/6). Three studies associated Chlamydia trachomatis infection with preterm birth (2/3), ectopic pregnancy (1/3) and respiratory symptoms on the newborn (1/3). One study associated Mycoplasma genitalium infection with preterm birth. Conclusion This review provides evidence on the association of non-viral sexually transmitted infections with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Further investigation is needed to establish more associations between non-viral sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy outcome, especially for Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Overall, this review calls for more research for public health interventions to promote screening of non-viral sexually transmitted infections during pregnancy, among high-risk population groups of pregnant women living in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lara-Escandell
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carlotta Gamberini
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Naomi C.A. Juliana
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Salwan Al-Nasiry
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Servaas A. Morré
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, UP, India
- Dutch Chlamydia Trachomatis Reference Laboratory on Behalf of the Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Elena Ambrosino
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Lima MG, Bahia JC, Oliveira FS, Vieira FV, Cavalcante AMR, Matos MA, Guimarães JV. Educational intervention improves knowledge and adherence to treatment amongst puerperal women with syphilis: randomized clinical trial. Int J STD AIDS 2023; 34:969-977. [PMID: 37464586 DOI: 10.1177/09564624231188750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational syphilis requires early detection and proper treatment to prevent negative maternal-fetal outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on treatment adherence and knowledge about syphilis in postpartum women with positive Treponema pallidum results. METHODS A randomized, parallel, and open clinical trial was conducted with 64 postpartum women who tested positive for T. pallidum, assigned to two groups (1:1 ratio). The Intervention Group (IG) received an educational intervention on syphilis, including an explanatory leaflet and hands-on demonstrations, along with standard guidelines. The Control Group (CG) received standard guidelines alone. Pre-test and post-test assessments were conducted to measure knowledge and treatment adherence. Statistical analyses included descriptive and inferential methods, assessing group homogeneity using the Chi-square or Fishers exact test. The interventions effectiveness was determined using relative risk, and pre- and post-test scores were compared using the independent t test. RESULTS The post-test revealed improvements in knowledge scores for general knowledge, treatment, and prevention domains (p < .05). The IG demonstrated an increase in post-test knowledge scores (p = .001), with association between post-test scores and treatment adherence (p = .001). CONCLUSION The educational intervention on syphilis improved knowledge and treatment adherence in postpartum women with syphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira Gr Lima
- Master in Nursing, Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FEN - UFG), Goiânia/Goiás, Brazil
| | - Julyana C Bahia
- Master in Nursing, Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FEN - UFG), Goiânia/Goiás, Brazil
| | - Flávia S Oliveira
- Master in Nursing, Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FEN - UFG), Goiânia/Goiás, Brazil
| | - Flaviana Vm Vieira
- PhD in nursing, professor at Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FEN - UFG), Goiânia/Goiás, Brazil
| | - Agueda Maria Rz Cavalcante
- PhD in nursing, professor at Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FEN - UFG), Goiânia/Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marcos André Matos
- PhD in nursing, professor at Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FEN - UFG), Goiânia/Goiás, Brazil
| | - Janaína V Guimarães
- PhD in nursing, professor at Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FEN - UFG), Goiânia/Goiás, Brazil
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Bermúdez-Forero MI, Anzola-Samudio DA, Levi JE, García-Otálora MA. Prevention of multiple whole blood donations by an individual at the same month through the creation of a national Deferred Donor Registry (DDR). Transfus Apher Sci 2023; 62:103767. [PMID: 37507271 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2023.103767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Colombian National Institute of Health administers the National Information System of Haemovigilance (SIHEVI-INS). Today, SIHEVI-INS constitutes a national blood donor and recipient database, which contains a national deferred donor registry (DDR), allowing blood banks to take acceptance or rejection decisions of a potential donor in real time. The study aimed to determine the rate of people who have made more than one whole blood donation monthly in Colombia, violating the national guideline of intervals between donations (three months for men and four for women), since DDR implementation. METHODS We detected the unique personal identification number of people who, in 30 calendar days, made more than one whole blood donation at any of the 83 blood banks set up in Colombia. There were three comparison periods: 01/01/2018-08/31/2019 (launch of SIHEVI-INS and first national feedback); 09/01/2019-12/31/2020 (second feedback) and 01/01/2021-09/30/2022 (massive incorporation of web services). RESULTS For the first period, blood banks accepted 18.0 donations per 1000 people. There was a rate of 28.8 people/10,000 donations who had donated whole blood twice within 30 days. In the second period, there were 17.0 donations/1000 people and a rate of 2.1 people/10,000 donations (OR:14.0 CI95 %:12.2-16.0). For the last period, there were 18.2 donations/1000 people and a rate of 0.9 individuals/10,000 donations (OR:31.3 CI95 %:26.6-36.9, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION DDR reduced by 31 times the acceptance of blood donors who made more than one whole blood donation in the same month. It was necessary to provide periodic feedback and promote web service implementation to reduce this risky behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Isabel Bermúdez-Forero
- Coordinación Red Nacional Bancos de Sangre y Servicios de Transfusión, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diego-Alexander Anzola-Samudio
- Coordinación Red Nacional Bancos de Sangre y Servicios de Transfusión, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José-Eduardo Levi
- Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Universidad de São Paulo, Brasil, Investigación y Desarrollo, Laboratorios Dasa, Brazil
| | - Michel-Andrés García-Otálora
- Universidad del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Science, Public Health Research Group, Cra. 24 #63C-69, Bogotá, Colombia.
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