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Kobayashi H, Tanizawa Y, Yagura M, Sakamoto M, Ohkuma M, Tohno M. Clostridium zeae sp. nov., isolated from corn silage. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34748474 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative, strictly anaerobic, catalase-negative and endospore-forming bacterial strain CSC2T was isolated from corn silage preserved in Tochigi, Japan. The strain CSC2T grew at 15-40 °C, at pH 5.0-7.7 and with up to 0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. The main cellular fatty acids were C14 : 0, C16 : 0 and C16 : 0 dimethyl acetal. The cellular polar lipids detected were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylcholine and two unidentified polar lipids. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that strain CSC2T was a member of the genus Clostridium and closely related to Clostridium polyendosporum DSM 57272T (95.6 % gene sequence similarity) and Clostridium fallax ATCC 19400T (95.3 %). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CSC2T was 31.1 mol% (whole genome analysis). The average nucleotide identity based on blast and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain CSC2T and the type strains of phylogenetically related species were below 71 and 24 %, respectively. On the basis of the genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, it is proposed to designate strain CSC2T as representing Clostridium zeae sp. nov. The type strain is CSC2T (=MAFF212476T=JCM 33766T=DSM 111242T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisami Kobayashi
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 329-2793, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanizawa
- Department of Informatics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Masaru Yagura
- Department of Informatics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Sakamoto
- Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Moriya Ohkuma
- Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Masanori Tohno
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 329-2793, Japan
- Research Center of Genetic Resources, Core Technology Research Headquarters, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8632, Japan
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Zhang J, Liu S, Sun H, Jiang Z, Zhou Z, Han X, Zhou Y, Sun H, Zhou W, Mao J. Enzyme Production Potential of Penicillium oxalicum M1816 and Its Application in Ferulic Acid Production. Foods 2021; 10:2577. [PMID: 34828858 PMCID: PMC8621443 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on isolating an efficient enzyme production microorganism for ferulic acid (FA) production from wheat bran. A wild-type cellulase-, xylanase-, and feruloyl esterase-producing strain was isolated and identified as Penicillium oxalicum M1816. The genome was sequenced and assembled into 30.5 Mb containing 8301 predicted protein-coding genes. In total, 553 genes were associated with carbohydrate metabolism. Genomic CAZymes analysis indicated that P. oxalicum M1816, comprising 39 cellulolytic enzymes and 111 hemicellulases (including 5 feruloyl esterase genes), may play a vital role in wheat bran degradation and FA production. The crude enzyme of strain M1816 could release 1.85 ± 0.08 mg·g-1 FA from de-starched wheat bran (DSWB) at 12 h, which was significantly higher than other commercial enzymes. Meanwhile, when the strain M1816 was cultured in medium supplemented with DSWB, up to 92.89% of the total alkali-extractable FA was released. The process parameters of solid-state fermentation were optimized to enhance enzyme production. The optimized wheat bran Qu of P. oxalicum M1816 was applied to huangjiu fermentation, and the FA content was increased 12.4-fold compared to the control group. These results suggest that P. oxalicum M1816 is a good candidate for the development of fermented foods bio-fortified with FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (S.L.); (H.S.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Shuangping Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (S.L.); (H.S.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (X.H.)
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Traditional Fermentation Food and Human Health, (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Jiangnan University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
- National Engineering Research Center of Huangjiu, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD., Shaoxing 312000, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Hailong Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (S.L.); (H.S.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Zhengfei Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (S.L.); (H.S.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Zhilei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (S.L.); (H.S.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (X.H.)
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Traditional Fermentation Food and Human Health, (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Jiangnan University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
- National Engineering Research Center of Huangjiu, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD., Shaoxing 312000, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Xiao Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (S.L.); (H.S.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (X.H.)
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Traditional Fermentation Food and Human Health, (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Jiangnan University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
- National Engineering Research Center of Huangjiu, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD., Shaoxing 312000, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Yongxiang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Huangjiu, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD., Shaoxing 312000, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Honggen Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Huangjiu, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD., Shaoxing 312000, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Weibiao Zhou
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Traditional Fermentation Food and Human Health, (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Jiangnan University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Jian Mao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (S.L.); (H.S.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (X.H.)
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Traditional Fermentation Food and Human Health, (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Jiangnan University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
- National Engineering Research Center of Huangjiu, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD., Shaoxing 312000, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.)
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Cheawchanlertfa P, Tongsuk P, Sutheeworapong S, Waeonukul R, Pason P, Poomputsa K, Ratanakhanokchai K, Kosugi A, Tachaapaikoon C. A novel amylolytic/xylanolytic/cellulolytic multienzyme complex from Clostridium manihotivorum that hydrolyzes polysaccharides in cassava pulp. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6719-6733. [PMID: 34436648 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11521-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Some anaerobic bacteria, particularly Clostridium species, produce extracellular cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes as multienzyme complexes (MECs). However, an amylolytic/xylanolytic/cellulolytic multienzyme complex (AXC-MEC) from anaerobic bacteria is rarely found. In this work, the glycoprotein AXC-MEC, composed of subunits of amylolytic, xylanolytic, and cellulolytic enzymes, was isolated from crude extracellular enzyme of the mesophilic anaerobic bacterium Clostridium manihotivorum CT4, grown on cassava pulp, using a milled cassava pulp column and Sephacryl S-500 gel filtration chromatography. The isolated AXC-MEC showed a single band upon native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (native-PAGE). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed at least eight protein bands of the multienzyme complex which predominantly exhibited amylolytic enzyme activity, followed by xylanolytic and cellulolytic enzyme activities. The AXC-MEC is highly capable of degrading starch and non-starch polysaccharides present in cassava pulp into glucose and oligosaccharides, without conventional pretreatment. Base on the genomic analysis of C. manihotivorum CT4, we found no evidence of the known structural components of the well-known multienzyme complexes from Clostridium species, cellulosomes such as scaffoldin, cohesin, and dockerin, indicating that AXC-MEC from strain CT4 exhibit a different manner of assembly from the cellulosomes. These results suggest that AXC-MEC from C. manihotivorum CT4 is a new MEC capable of hydrolyzing cassava pulp into value-added products, which will benefit the starch industry. KEY POINTS: • Glycoprotein AXC-MEC was first reported in Clostridium manihotivorum. • Unlike cellulosomes, AXC-MEC consists of amylase, xylanase, and cellulase. • Glucose and oligosaccharides were hydrolysis products from cassava pulp by AXC-MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattsarun Cheawchanlertfa
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Pornpimon Tongsuk
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Sawannee Sutheeworapong
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Rattiya Waeonukul
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.,Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Patthra Pason
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.,Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Poomputsa
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Khanok Ratanakhanokchai
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.,Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Akihiko Kosugi
- Biological Resources and Post-Harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Chakrit Tachaapaikoon
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand. .,Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.
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Oren A, Garrity GM. List of new names and new combinations that have appeared in effective publications outside of the IJSEM and are submitted for valid publication. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 71. [PMID: 33787483 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Oren
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - George M Garrity
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Physical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-4320, USA
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