Effects of platelet-rich plasma on mesenchymal stem cells isolated from rat uterus

Platelet Concentrates Preconditioning of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Combined Therapies: Integrating Regenerative Strategies for Enhanced Clinical Applications

This article presents a comprehensive review of the factors influencing the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation and its association with platelet concentrates (PCs). It focuses on investigating the impact of PCs' composition, the age and health status of platelet donors, application methods, and environmental factors on the outcomes of relevant treatments. In addition, it delves into the strategies and mechanisms for optimizing MSCs transplantation with PCs, encompassing preconditioning and combined therapies. Furthermore, it provides an in-depth exploration of the signaling pathways and proteomic characteristics associated with preconditioning and emphasizes the efficacy and specific effects of combined therapy. The article also introduces the latest advancements in the application of biomaterials for optimizing regenerative medical strategies, stimulating scholarly discourse on this subject. Through this comprehensive review, the primary goal is to facilitate a more profound comprehension of the factors influencing treatment outcomes, as well as the strategies and mechanisms for optimizing MSCs transplantation and the application of biomaterials in regenerative medicine, offering theoretical guidance and practical references for related research and clinical practice.

PDGFBB improved the biological function of menstrual blood-derived stromal cells and the anti-fibrotic properties of exosomes

BACKGROUND

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a reproductive dysfunction disease characterized by endometrial fibrosis, with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Our previous studies confirmed that menstrual blood-derived stromal cells (MenSCs) effectively attenuated endometrial fibrosis in an animal model of IUA mainly through exosomes. This therapeutic effect can be enhanced by platelet-rich plasma (PRP), in which PDGFBB is an abundant growth factor. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effects of PRP and PDGFBB on the biological activities of MenSCs in vitro, and to further investigate the molecular mechanism of MenSCs-derived exosomes in alleviating endometrial fibrosis.

METHODS

MenSCs were isolated for in vitro functional assays to examine the viability, migration, and stemness of MenSCs. Endometrial stromal cells (EndoSCs) were treated with 50 ug/ml of MenSCs-derived exosomes, obtained by differential ultracentrifugation extraction. The molecular mechanisms by which PDGFBB improves MenSCs and exosomes alleviate EndoSCs fibrosis were then explored using immunofluorescence, western blot, and co-immunoprecipitation.

RESULTS

Both 100 ng/ml PDGFBB and 10% activated PRP promoted the proliferation, increased the S phase of cell cycle, and inhibited apoptosis of MenSCs in vitro. Compared with PRP, PDGFBB significantly promoted MenSCs migration. All of these effects were inhibited by sorafenib, a PDGFR-β inhibitor. PRP and PDGFBB activated AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in MenSCs and increased the expression of P65 and OCT4. Moreover, pretreatment of PDGFBB did not increase the secretion of MenSCs but significantly increased the anti-fibrosis effects of MenSCs-derived exosomes on IUA-EndoSCs. MenSCs-derived exosomes attenuated SMAD3 phosphorylation and increased YAP ubiquitination, which reduced the binding of YAP/SMAD3. Pretreatment with PDGFBB amplified this effect.

CONCLUSIONS

In summary, PDGFBB could improve the biological functions of MenSCs via AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway, including viability, migration, and stemness. Our results indicated that PDGFBB amplified MenSCs-derived exosomes to attenuate endometrial fibrosis by inhibiting YAP activity, revealing a novel mechanism by which PRP enhanced the ability of MenSCs to repair tissue injury and providing a potential option for improving stem cell efficacy in IUA.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Improves Pregnancy Outcomes in Moderate to Severe Intrauterine Adhesion: A Retrospective Cohort Study

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in women with moderate to severe intrauterine adhesion (IUA). A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a reproductive medical center between July 2020 and June 2021 to compare the clinical pregnancy rate of two groups (PRP and non-PRP groups) after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis. A multivariate logistic regression analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to minimize potential bias. According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 133 patients were finally enrolled and divided into the PRP group (n = 48) and non-PRP group (n = 85). In the primary comparison, the clinical pregnancy rate in the PRP group was higher than that in the non-PRP group (41.7% vs. 28.2%, p = 0.114), albeit without statistical significance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed, and the results of the adjusted model showed that PRP treatment significantly improved the clinical pregnancy rate (adjusted OR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.22-7.38, p = 0.017). After PSM, the clinical pregnancy rate was higher in the PRP group than that in the non-PRP group (46.2% vs. 20.5%, p = 0.031). Based on the present study, we concluded that intrauterine perfusion of PRP had great potential in improving the clinical pregnancy rate in patients with moderate to severe IUA. Therefore, we recommend the application of PRP in the treatment of IUA.