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Zeng J, Han G, Wu Q, Peng M, Ge X, Mao S, Wang ZJ, Ma Q. Chemical evolution of rainfall in China's first eco-civilization demonstration city: Implication for the provenance identification of pollutants and rainwater acid neutralization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168567. [PMID: 37981127 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Rainfall chemistry is a vital indicator for reflecting anthropogenic/natural input on atmospheric quality, and the rainfall process is also the main sink of air contaminants, which has received widely concerns by all walks of life. However, the chemical compositions, sources of major solutes, historical evolution, and their determinants of rainwater in Chinese urban area, which is hotspot of atmospheric pollutant emission, are unclear under the dual background of fast economic development and eco-civilization construction. To decipher these issues, the latest year data of observation-based rainwater chemistry and the historical rainwater data, and air pollution data of China's first eco-civilization demonstration city were integrated and studied. The results presented that SO42- (53.4 %) and NO3- (28.8 %), Ca2+ (46.5 %) and NH4+ (37.9 %) dominated the present rainwater anions and cations. The historical changes in the relative proportion of rainwater ions (e.g., the holistic decreasing trend of SO42-) revealed the reduction and management achievement of atmospheric pollutant emission driven by different stages of eco-civilization city construction. The atmospheric components were well removed by rainfall scouring and all the rainwater ions showed obvious temporal variations. The concentrations of most of ions were higher in winter but lower in summer due to the key factors of meteorological factor (mainly rainfall amount) and the seasonal variations of source contribution. The stoichiometry-based source identification and relative contribution calculation reflected that anthropogenic input was the most primary contributor of NO3- (99.4 %) and SO42- (95.4 %), and the contribution of fixed emission source was relatively higher than that of traffic sources. The NH4+ was defined as the anthropogenic input ion (urban wastes and fuel combustion), while all Cl- and Na+ were from oceanic input. In contrast, terrigenous input represented the most important origin of Ca2+, K+, and Mg2+, with relative contribution of 99.5 %, 97.0 %, and 90.7 %, respectively. The high neutralization factor (NF, about 2.0) values and neutralizing to acidifying potential (NP/AP, about 1.7) ratios and their increasing trend in past few decades revealed the fact of rainwater acid being highly neutralized under the background of eco-civilization city construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; North Alabama International College of Engineering and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guilin Han
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qixin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; North Alabama International College of Engineering and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Meixue Peng
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shijun Mao
- North Alabama International College of Engineering and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhong-Jun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Peng M, Wu Q, Gao S, Liu Y, Zeng J, Ruan Y. Distribution and characteristics of microplastics in an urban river: The response to urban waste management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166638. [PMID: 37657545 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The rivers have been proven to be potential sources and the major transport pathways of microplastic (MP) in natural aquatic eco-systems, yet there is an absence of understanding the provenances and distribution dynamics of MP in fluvial water body of urban regions. The present investigation aimed to characterize the distribution and accumulation of MPs in both surface water and riverine bed sediments in a typical urban river (Nanming River, southwest China), during the dry and wet seasons of 2021. MP were detected throughout the entire sample set, with average surface water abundances of 750 ± 53 n/m3 and 693.3 ± 40 n/m3 in dry and wet seasons, respectively, and 2250 ± 496.7 n/kg (dw) in surface sediments. Furthermore, the composition of 25 polymer types MPs were analyzed. The sediment of the Nanming River is a sink for MPs, recording their long-term accumulation. Multivariate statistical analysis-based results indicated that urban littering and agricultural input were the major contributors of non-point MP in the Nanming River, while the discharged effluent was another factor influencing the distribution of MPs in urban fluvial system. The average abundance of MPs was negatively correlated with purchase power parity (PPP), demonstrating that the poorly waste management results in a higher abundance of MPs in municipal river systems. The present study systematically characterized the distribution of MPs in medium-sized urban rivers systems in Southwest China. These findings can inform policy and management decisions to reduce MPs pollution in urban rivers and protect aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixue Peng
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qixin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, China.
| | - Shilin Gao
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, China
| | - Yongxue Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, China
| | - Yunjun Ruan
- Institute of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, College of Big Data and Information Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Zhang X, Gao S, Wu Q, Li F, Wu P, Wang Z, Wu J, Zeng J. Buffer zone-based trace elements indicating the impact of human activities on karst urban groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115235. [PMID: 36621549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The tanglesome allocation of landscape types at various spatial dimensions is an important component influencing the quality of groundwater environment in karst cities. Trace elements can be used as indicators of the extent of impact on groundwater which is an effective means of tracing groundwater contamination. In this study, we studied the influence of landscape patterns on trace elements in groundwater of typical karst cities in Southwest China (Guiyang City) on a multi-spatial scale by using multivariate statistical analysis. According to the sampling points, buffer zone scales with different radii (500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, and 4000 m) were established to quantify the land use model. There are suburban and urban differences in trace element content. The city center has higher levels of trace elements compared to suburban areas, especially Li, Ni, Tl, Cu, Sr, Co, As, and Mn. In addition, the outcomes of the multiple linear regression had shown that the size effect of the association from landscape pattern to trace elements varies with different indicators and parameters. The results of redundancy analysis showed an overall change in trace elements was better interpreted by the landscape pattern of the 1500 m-scale buffer. At the same time, at the 1500 m scale, Ni, Tl, Cu, Co, As, Cr, Sr, Li, and Mn were positively correlated with the urban landscape index (4LPI, 4LSI), influenced by urban anthropogenic activities, while Cd, Zn, and Pb were positively correlated with the cropland landscape index (1AI, 1LPI), influenced by agricultural activities. This study indicates that trace elements are a reliable indicator for tracing groundwater contamination. The buffer zone can reflect the extent of urban impacts on groundwater and provide a new and effective analytical tool for groundwater management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Zhang
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Shilin Gao
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qixin Wu
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Fushan Li
- Wuhan Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Pan Wu
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhuhong Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Jiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Three-Year Variations in Criteria Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Relationship with Rainwater Chemistry in Karst Urban Region, Southwest China. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12081073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Air pollutants have been investigated in many studies, but the variations of atmospheric pollutants and their relationship with rainwater chemistry are not well studied. In the present study, the criteria atmospheric pollutants in nine monitoring stations and rainwater chemistry were analyzed in karst Guiyang city, since the time when the Chinese Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS, third revision) were published. Based on the three-year daily concentration dataset of SO2, NO2, CO, PM10 and PM2.5, although most of air pollutant concentrations were within the limit of CAAQS III-Grade II standard, the significant spatial variations and relatively heavy pollution were found in downtown Guiyang. Temporally, the average concentrations of almost all air pollutants (except for CO) decreased during three years at all stations. Ratios of PM2.5/PM10 in non- and episode days reflected the different contributions of fine and coarse particles on particulate matter in Guiyang, which was influenced by the potential meteorological factors and source variations. According to the individual air quality index (IAQI), the seasonal variations of air quality level were observed, that is, IAQI values of air pollutants were higher in winter (worst air quality) and lower in summer (best air quality) due to seasonal variations in emission sources. The unique IAQI variations were found during the Chinese Spring Festival. Air pollutant concentrations are also influenced by meteorological parameters, in particular, the rainfall amount. The air pollutants are well scoured by the rainfall process and can significantly affect rainwater chemistry, such as SO42−, NO3−, Mg2+, and Ca2+, which further alters the acidification/alkalization trend of rainwater. The equivalent ratios of rainwater SO42−/NO3− and Mg2+/Ca2+ indicated the significant contribution of fixed emission sources (e.g., coal combustion) and carbonate weathering-influenced particulate matter on rainwater chemistry. These findings provide scientific support for air pollution management and rainwater chemistry-related environmental issues.
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