miR-1293 acts as a tumor promotor in lung adenocarcinoma via targeting phosphoglucomutase 5

Knockdown of miR-1293 attenuates lung adenocarcinoma angiogenesis via Spry4 upregulation-mediated ERK1/2 signaling inhibition

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histologic subtype of lung cancer. Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in LUAD progression via supplying oxygen and nutrients for cancer cells. Non-coding miR-1293, a significantly up-regulated miRNA in LUAD tissues, can be potentially used as a novel biomarker for predicting the prognosis of LUAD patients. However, little information is available about the function of miR-1293 in LUAD progression especially cancer-induced angiogenesis. Herein, we found that miR-1293 knockdown could obviously attenuate LUAD-induced angiogenesis in vitro and down-regulate two most important pro-angiogenic cytokines VEGF-A and bFGF expression and secretion. Indeed, miR-1293 abrogation inactivated the angiogenesis-promoting ERK1/2 signaling characterized by decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm. Next we found that miR-1293 knockdown reactivated the endogenous ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor Spry4 expression and Spry4 perturbance with specific siRNA transfection abolished the inhibition of ERK1/2 pathway and LUAD-induced angiogenesis by miR-1293 knockdown. Finally, with in vivo assay, we found obvious Spry4 up-regulation and VEGF-A, bFGF, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, micro-vessel density marker CD31 expression down-regulation in vivo, respectively. Collectively, these results indicated that miR-1293 knockdown could significantly attenuate LUAD angiogenesis via Spry4-mediated ERK1/2 signaling inhibition, which might be helpful for uncovering more functions of miR-1293 in LUAD and providing experimental basis for possible LUAD therapeutic strategy targeting miR-1293.

Novel Prognostic Biomarkers for Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma (CESC) Patients via Analysis of Competing Endogenous RNA (ceRNA) Network

Background

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) is a common malignant gynecological cancer. The ceRNA networks play important roles in many tumors, while RILPL2-related ceRNA network has been seldom studied in CESC.

Methods

All CESC data was obtained from TCGA database. Differentially expressed RNAs and predicted target RNAs were cross analyzed to construct ceRNA network. RNA and clinicopathological characteristics' influence on overall survival (OS) were determined by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Lasso regression was used to construct the prediction model. Coexpression analysis was performed to explore the association of gene expression with CESC. This was followed by an experimental validation based on these results.

Results

Between high and low RILPL2 expression CESC patients, totally 1227 DEmRNAs, 39 DEmiRNAs, and 1544 DElncRNAs were identified. After multiple cross analyses, 1 miRNA hsa-miR-1293, 20 mRNAs, and 43 lncRNAs were maintained to construct ceRNA network. CADM3-AS1, LINC00092, and ZNF667-AS1 in ceRNA network were significantly associated with the OS of CESC patients, and patients with low expression of these lncRNAs had worse prognosis. Significant lower expressions of these lncRNAs were also observed in CESC cell line compared with normal cell line.

Conclusion

Low expressions of CADM3-AS1, LINC00092, and ZNF667-AS1 in ceRNA network were probably promising poor prognostic biomarkers for CESC patients. The genes show a prospective research area for CESC-targeted treatment in the future.

Meta-analysis of the effect of PGM on survival prognosis of tumor patients

Objective

A systematic evaluation of the impact of phosphoglucose translocase PGM on the survival prognosis of tumor patients was conducted to understand its impact on tumors so as to improve the quality of survival and to find effective therapeutic targets for tumor patients.

Methods

The following were searched in the databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Wipu, PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library: "PGM1", "PGM2", "PGM3", "PGM4", and "PGM5" as Chinese keywords and "PGM1", "PGM2", "PGM3", "PGM4", "PGM5", "PGM1 cancer", "PGM2 cancer", "PGM3 cancer", "PGM4 cancer", "PGM5 cancer", and "phosphoglucomutase". Relevant studies published from the database establishment to April 2022 were collected. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were extracted and evaluated for quality with reference to the Cochrane 5.1.0 systematic evaluation method, and quality assessment was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results

The final results of nine articles and 10 studies with a total of 3,806 patients were included, including 272 patients in the PGM1 group, 541 patients in the PGM2 group, 1,775 patients in the PGM3 group, and 1,585 patients in the PGM5 group. Results of the meta-analysis: after determining the results of the nine articles, it was found that the difference was statistically significant with a p-value <0.05 (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.89, 95% CI 0.69-1.09, p = 0.000). To find the sources of heterogeneity, the remaining eight papers were tested after removing the highly sensitive literature, and the results showed I² = 26.5%, p < 0.001, a statistically significant difference. The HR for high expression of PGM1 and PGM2 and PGM5 was <1, while the HR for high expression of PGM3 was >1.

Conclusion

Although PGM1, PGM2, PGM3, and PGM5 are enzymes of the same family, their effects on tumors are different. High expression of PGM1, PGM2, and PGM5 can effectively prolong the overall survival of patients. In contrast, high expression of PGM3 reduced the overall survival of patients. This study of PGM family enzymes can assist in subsequent tumor diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic assessment.

Application of miRNA Biomarkers in Predicting Overall Survival Outcomes for Lung Adenocarcinoma

Background

With the development of research, the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the occurrence, metastasis, and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has attracted extensive attention. This study is aimed at predicting overall survival (OS) results through bioinformatics to identify novel miRNA biomarkers and hub genes.

Materials and Methods

The data of LUAD-related miRNA and mRNA samples was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Upon screening and pretreatment of initial data, TCGA data were analyzed using R platform and a series of analytical tools to identify biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity.

Results

7 miRNAs and 13 hub genes that had strong relation to the overall surviving status were identified in patients with LUAD. The expression of seven miRNAs (hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-126-5p, hsa-miR-556-3p, hsa-miR-671-5p, hsa-miR-937-3p, hsa-miR-4664-3p, and hsa-miR-4746-5p) could apparently improve the OS rate of patient with LUAD. The 13 hub genes, namely, CCT6A, CDK5R1, CEP55, DNAJB4, EGLN3, HDGF, HOXC8, LIMD1, MKI67, PCP4L1, PPIL1, SCAI, and STK32A, showed a correlation with the OS status.

Conclusion

7 miRNAs were identified as novel biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with LUAD. This study offered a deeper comprehension of LUAD treatment and prognosis from the molecular level and helped enhance the understanding of the pathogenesis and potential molecular events of LUAD.