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Sukmak P, Kulworasreth P, Treveeravoot S, Arinno A, Anuwongworavet S, Wachiradejkul W, Kulworasreth P, Teansuk N, Thongnak L, Amonlerdpison D, Inchai J, Jakrachai C, Akrimajirachoote N, Aonbangkhen C, Muanprasat C, Poolsri W, Vaddhanaphuti CS, Pongkorpsakol P. Solanum melongena L. Extract Promotes Intestinal Tight Junction Re-Assembly via SIRT-1-Dependent Mechanisms. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400230. [PMID: 39086054 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Tight junction disruption can lead to pathogenesis of various diseases without therapeutic strategy to recover intestinal barrier integrity. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the effect of Solanum melongena L. extract (SMLE) on intestinal tight junction recovery and its underlying mechanism. Intestinal barrier function is attenuated by Ca2+ depletion. SMLE treatment increased TER value across T84 cell monolayers. Permeability assay reveals that Ca2+ depletion promotes 4-kDa FITC-dextran permeability, but not 70-kDa FITC-dextran. SMLE suppresses the rate of 4-kDa FITC-dextran permeability, indicating that SMLE inhibits paracellular leak pathway permeability. SMLE-mediated TER increase and leak pathway suppression are abolished by neither calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) inhibitor nor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor. Furthermore, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors have no effects on SMLE-mediated TER increase and leak pathway suppression. Interestingly, SMLE is unable to enhance TER value and diminish leak pathway permeability in T84 cell monolayers pre-treated with sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) inhibitor. Immunofluorescence staining reveals that SMLE enhances re-assembly of tight junction proteins, including occludin and ZO-1 to intercellular space but this effect is abolished by SIRT-1 inhibitor. These data suggest that SMLE promotes intestinal tight junction re-assembly via SIRT-1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichayapa Sukmak
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory of Epithelial Tight Junction Pathophysiology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Purisha Kulworasreth
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supisara Treveeravoot
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory of Epithelial Tight Junction Pathophysiology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apiwan Arinno
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory of Epithelial Tight Junction Pathophysiology, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry (CENP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Wanapas Wachiradejkul
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Purit Kulworasreth
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natnicha Teansuk
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory of Epithelial Tight Junction Pathophysiology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Laongdao Thongnak
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Doungporn Amonlerdpison
- Center of Excellence in Agricultural Innovation for Graduate Entrepreneur and Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jakkapong Inchai
- Innovative Research Unit of Epithelial Transport and Regulation (iETR), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chaiwet Jakrachai
- Innovative Research Unit of Epithelial Transport and Regulation (iETR), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Chanat Aonbangkhen
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry (CENP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Muanprasat
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | | | - Chutima S Vaddhanaphuti
- Innovative Research Unit of Epithelial Transport and Regulation (iETR), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pawin Pongkorpsakol
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory of Epithelial Tight Junction Pathophysiology, Bangkok, Thailand
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Pandey S, Gupta S. Exploring laccase: a sustainable enzymatic solution for the paper recycling domain. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:211. [PMID: 38602547 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03927-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The global advocacy of resource conservation and waste management emphasizes the significance of sustainable practices, particularly in sectors such as paper manufacturing and recycling. Currently, conventional chemical methods are predominant for paper production, necessitating the use of substantial amount of toxic chemicals. This chemical-intensive approach compromises the recycled fiber quality, generates hazardous effluent causing serious ecological threats which triggers regulatory complexities for the mills. To address these challenges modern research suggests adopting sustainable eco-friendly practices such as employing enzymes. This review aims to explore the applicability of 'laccase' enzyme for paper recycling, investigating its properties and contribution to improved recycling practices. By delving into the potential application of laccase integration into the papermaking process, this article sheds light on the limitations inherent in traditional methods surmounted within both research and translational landscapes. Culture and process optimization studies, supporting the technological improvements and the future prospects have been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Pandey
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Newai, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Sarika Gupta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Newai, Rajasthan, 304022, India.
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Gaddam SR, Sharma A, Trivedi PK. miR397b-LAC2 module regulates cadmium stress response by coordinating root lignification and copper homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133100. [PMID: 38042003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-essential heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is toxic to plants and animals. Cadmium affects plant photosynthesis, respiration, and causes water imbalance and may lead to plant death. Cadmium induces toxicity by interfering with the essential metal copper (Cu) homeostasis, which affects plant nutrition. Though root lignin biosynthesis is positively regulated by Cd stress, the underlying mechanisms promoting lignin accumulation and controlling Cd-induced Cu limitation responses are unclear. Here, we elucidated the role of Cu-responsive microRNA (miR397b) in Arabidopsis thaliana plants for Cd stress by targeting the LACCASE2 (LAC2) gene. This study demonstrated the fundamental mechanism of miR397b-mediated Cd stress response by enhancing the lignin content in root tissues. We developed miR397b over-expressing plants, which showed considerable Cd stress tolerance. Plants with knockdown function of LAC2 also showed significant tolerance to Cd stress. miR397b overexpressing and lac2 mutant plants showed root reduction, higher biomass and chlorophyll content, and significantly lower Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). This study demonstrated the miR397b-mediated Cd stress response in Arabidopsis by enhancing the lignin content in root tissues. We conclude that modulation in miR397b can be potentially used for improving plants for Cd tolerance and Cu homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Reddy Gaddam
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow 226 015, India
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow 226 015, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow 226 015, India.
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Zhang Z, Long Y, Yin X, Wang W, Li W, Jiang L, Chen X, Wang B, Ma J. Genome-wide identification and expression patterns of the laccase gene family in response to kiwifruit bacterial canker infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:591. [PMID: 38008764 PMCID: PMC10680249 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kiwifruit bacterial canker, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), is a destructive disease worldwide. Resistance genes that respond to Psa infection urgently need to be identified for controlling this disease. Laccase is mainly involved in the synthesis of lignin in the plant cell wall and plays a prominent role in plant growth and resistance to pathogen infection. However, the role of laccase in kiwifruit has not been reported, and whether laccase is pivotal in the response to Psa infection remains unclear. RESULTS We conducted a bioinformatics analysis to identify 55 laccase genes (AcLAC1-AcLAC55) in the kiwifruit genome. These genes were classified into five cluster groups (I-V) based on phylogenetic analysis, with cluster groups I and II having the highest number of members. Analysis of the exon-intron structure revealed that the number of exons varied from 1 to 8, with an average of 5 introns. Our evolutionary analysis indicated that fragment duplication played a key role in the expansion of kiwifruit laccase genes. Furthermore, evolutionary pressure analysis suggested that AcLAC genes were under purifying selection. We also performed a cis-acting element analysis and found that AcLAC genes contained multiple hormone (337) and stress signal (36) elements in their promoter regions. Additionally, we investigated the expression pattern of laccase genes in kiwifruit stems and leaves infected with Psa. Our findings revealed that laccase gene expression levels in the stems were higher than those in the leaves 5 days after inoculation with Psa. Notably, AcLAC2, AcLAC4, AcLAC17, AcLAC18, AcLAC26, and AcLAC42 showed significantly higher expression levels (p < 0.001) compared to the non-inoculated control (0 d), suggesting their potential role in resisting Psa infection. Moreover, our prediction indicated that 21 kiwifruit laccase genes are regulated by miRNA397, they could potentially act as negative regulators of lignin biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS These results are valuable for further analysis of the resistance function and molecular mechanism of laccases in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhu Zhang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Youhua Long
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Teaching Experiment Farm, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Xianhui Yin
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lingli Jiang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xuetang Chen
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bince Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiling Ma
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Khan MKU, Zhang X, Ma Z, Huang M, Yang C, Wang X, Liu M, Peng J. Contribution of the LAC Genes in Fruit Quality Attributes of the Fruit-Bearing Plants: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15768. [PMID: 37958753 PMCID: PMC10650289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Laccase genes produce laccase enzymes that play a crucial role in the production of lignin and oxidation reactions within plants. Lignin is a complex polymer that provides structure and toughness to the cell walls of numerous fruit plants. The LAC genes that encode laccase enzymes play vital roles in plant physiology, including the synthesis of pigments like PA that contribute to the colors of fruits, and in defending against pathogens and environmental stresses. They are crucial for fruit development, ripening, structural maintenance in plants, and adaptation to various environmental factors. As such, these genes and enzymes are essential for plant growth and development, as well as for various biotechnological applications in environmental remediation and industrial processes. This review article emphasizes the significance of genes encoding laccase enzymes during fruit growth, specifically pertaining to the strengthening of the endocarp through lignification. This process is crucial for ensuring fruit defense and optimizing seed scattering. The information gathered in this article will aid breeders in producing future fruit-bearing plants that are resistant to disease, cost-effective, and nutrient-rich.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khalil Ullah Khan
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (M.K.U.K.); (X.Z.); (Z.M.); (M.H.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (M.K.U.K.); (X.Z.); (Z.M.); (M.H.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Zitan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (M.K.U.K.); (X.Z.); (Z.M.); (M.H.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Mingxia Huang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (M.K.U.K.); (X.Z.); (Z.M.); (M.H.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Ce Yang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (M.K.U.K.); (X.Z.); (Z.M.); (M.H.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (M.K.U.K.); (X.Z.); (Z.M.); (M.H.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Mengjun Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (M.K.U.K.); (X.Z.); (Z.M.); (M.H.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
- Research Center of Chinese jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jianying Peng
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (M.K.U.K.); (X.Z.); (Z.M.); (M.H.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
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Zhu J, Zhang H, Huang K, Guo R, Zhao J, Xie H, Zhu J, Gu H, Chen H, Li G, Wei C, Liu S. Comprehensive analysis of the laccase gene family in tea plant highlights its roles in development and stress responses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:129. [PMID: 36882726 PMCID: PMC9990228 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04134-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laccase (LAC) is the pivotal enzyme responsible for the polymerization of monolignols and stress responses in plants. However, the roles of LAC genes in plant development and tolerance to diverse stresses are still largely unknown, especially in tea plant (Camellia sinensis), one of the most economically important crops worldwide. RESULTS In total, 51 CsLAC genes were identified, they were unevenly distributed on different chromosomes and classified into six groups based on phylogenetic analysis. The CsLAC gene family had diverse intron-exon patterns and a highly conserved motif distribution. Cis-acting elements in the promoter demonstrated that promoter regions of CsLACs encode various elements associated with light, phytohormones, development and stresses. Collinearity analysis identified some orthologous gene pairs in C. sinensis and many paralogous gene pairs among C. sinensis, Arabidopsis and Populus. Tissue-specific expression profiles revealed that the majority of CsLACs had high expression in roots and stems and some members had specific expression patterns in other tissues, and the expression patterns of six genes by qRT‒PCR were highly consistent with the transcriptome data. Most CsLACs showed significant variation in their expression level under abiotic (cold and drought) and biotic (insect and fungus) stresses via transcriptome data. Among them, CsLAC3 was localized in the plasma membrane and its expression level increased significantly at 13 d under gray blight treatment. We found that 12 CsLACs were predicted to be targets of cs-miR397a, and most CsLACs showed opposite expression patterns compared to cs-miR397a under gray blight infection. Additionally, 18 highly polymorphic SSR markers were developed, these markers can be widely used for diverse genetic studies of tea plants. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the classification, evolution, structure, tissue-specific profiles, and (a)biotic stress responses of CsLAC genes. It also provides valuable genetic resources for functional characterization towards enhancing tea plant tolerance to multiple (a)biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hongxiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kelin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Lu'an Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection, Lu'an City, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhao
- Lu'an Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection, Lu'an City, China
| | - Hui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Junyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Honglian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hongrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Chaoling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shengrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China.
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The Citrus Laccase Gene CsLAC18 Contributes to Cold Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314509. [PMID: 36498836 PMCID: PMC9737282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant laccases, as multicopper oxidases, play an important role in monolignol polymerization, and participate in the resistance response of plants to multiple biotic/abiotic stresses. However, little is currently known about the role of laccases in the cold stress response of plants. In this study, the laccase activity and lignin content of C. sinensis leaves increased after the low-temperature treatment, and cold treatment induced the differential regulation of 21 CsLACs, with 15 genes being upregulated and 6 genes being downregulated. Exceptionally, the relative expression level of CsLAC18 increased 130.17-fold after a 48-h treatment. The full-length coding sequence of CsLAC18 consists of 1743 nucleotides and encodes a protein of 580 amino acids, and is predominantly expressed in leaves and fruits. CsLAC18 was phylogenetically related to AtLAC17, and was localized in the cell membrane. Overexpression of CsLAC18 conferred enhanced cold tolerance on transgenic tobacco; however, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)-mediated suppression of CsLAC18 in Poncirus trifoliata significantly impaired resistance to cold stress. As a whole, our findings revealed that CsLAC18 positively regulates a plant's response to cold stress, providing a potential target for molecular breeding or gene editing.
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Sasi JM, VijayaKumar C, Kukreja B, Budhwar R, Shukla RN, Agarwal M, Katiyar-Agarwal S. Integrated transcriptomics and miRNAomics provide insights into the complex multi-tiered regulatory networks associated with coleoptile senescence in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:985402. [PMID: 36311124 PMCID: PMC9597502 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.985402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Coleoptile is the small conical, short-lived, sheath-like organ that safeguards the first leaf and shoot apex in cereals. It is also the first leaf-like organ to senesce that provides nutrition to the developing shoot and is, therefore, believed to play a crucial role in seedling establishment in rice and other grasses. Though histochemical studies have helped in understanding the pattern of cell death in senescing rice coleoptiles, genome-wide expression changes during coleoptile senescence have not yet been explored. With an aim to investigate the gene regulation underlying the coleoptile senescence (CS), we performed a combinatorial whole genome expression analysis by sequencing transcriptome and miRNAome of senescing coleoptiles. Transcriptome analysis revealed extensive reprogramming of 3439 genes belonging to several categories, the most prominent of which encoded for transporters, transcription factors (TFs), signaling components, cell wall organization enzymes, redox homeostasis, stress response and hormone metabolism. Small RNA sequencing identified 41 known and 21 novel miRNAs that were differentially expressed during CS. Comparison of gene expression and miRNA profiles generated for CS with publicly available leaf senescence (LS) datasets revealed that the two aging programs are remarkably distinct at molecular level in rice. Integration of expression data of transcriptome and miRNAome identified high confidence 140 miRNA-mRNA pairs forming 42 modules, thereby demonstrating multi-tiered regulation of CS. The present study has generated a comprehensive resource of the molecular networks that enrich our understanding of the fundamental pathways regulating coleoptile senescence in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cheeni VijayaKumar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Roli Budhwar
- Bionivid Technology Pvt. Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Manu Agarwal
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Characterization of Peroxidase and Laccase Gene Families and In Silico Identification of Potential Genes Involved in Upstream Steps of Lignan Formation in Sesame. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081200. [PMID: 36013379 PMCID: PMC9410177 DOI: 10.3390/life12081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidases and laccases are oxidative enzymes involved in physiological processes in plants, covering responses to biotic and abiotic stress as well as biosynthesis of health-promoting specialized metabolites. Although they are thought to be involved in the biosynthesis of (+)-pinoresinol, a comprehensive investigation of this class of enzymes has not yet been conducted in the emerging oil crop sesame and no information is available regarding the potential (+)-pinoresinol synthase genes in this crop. In the present study, we conducted a pan-genome-wide identification of peroxidase and laccase genes coupled with transcriptome profiling of diverse sesame varieties. A total of 83 and 48 genes have been identified as coding for sesame peroxidase and laccase genes, respectively. Based on their protein domain and Arabidopsis thaliana genes used as baits, the genes were classified into nine and seven groups of peroxidase and laccase genes, respectively. The expression of the genes was evaluated using dynamic transcriptome sequencing data from six sesame varieties, including one elite cultivar, white vs black seed varieties, and high vs low oil content varieties. Two peroxidase genes (SiPOD52 and SiPOD63) and two laccase genes (SiLAC1 and SiLAC39), well conserved within the sesame pan-genome and exhibiting consistent expression patterns within sesame varieties matching the kinetic of (+)-pinoresinol accumulation in seeds, were identified as potential (+)-pinoresinol synthase genes. Cis-acting elements of the candidate genes revealed their potential involvement in development, hormonal signaling, and response to light and other abiotic triggers. Transcription factor enrichment analysis of promoter regions showed the predominance of MYB binding sequences. The findings from this study pave the way for lignans-oriented engineering of sesame with wide potential applications in food, health and medicinal domains.
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Ražná K, Harenčár Ľ, Kučka M. The Involvement of microRNAs in Plant Lignan Biosynthesis—Current View. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142151. [PMID: 35883592 PMCID: PMC9323225 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignans, as secondary metabolites synthesized within a phenylpropanoid pathway, play various roles in plants, including their involvement in growth and plant defense processes. The health and nutritional benefits of lignans are unquestionable, and many studies have been devoted to these attributes. Although the regulatory role of miRNAs in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites has been widely reported, there is no systematic review available on the miRNA-based regulatory mechanism of lignans biosynthesis. However, the genetic background of lignan biosynthesis in plants is well characterized. We attempted to put together a regulatory mosaic based on current knowledge describing miRNA-mediated regulation of genes, enzymes, or transcription factors involved in this biosynthesis process. At the same time, we would like to underline the fact that further research is necessary to improve our understanding of the miRNAs regulating plant lignan biosynthesis by exploitation of current approaches for functional identification of miRNAs.
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