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Iqbal MA, Miyamoto K, Yumoto E, Oogai S, Mutanda I, Inafuku M, Oku H. Relationship between seasonal variation in isoprene emission and plant hormone profiles in the tropical plant Ficus septica. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:981-993. [PMID: 37565537 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
In Ficus septica, the short-term control of isoprene production and, therefore, isoprene emission has been linked to the hormone balance between auxin (IAA) and jasmonic acid (JA). However, the relationship between long-term changes in isoprene emission and that of plant hormones remains unknown. This study tracked isoprene emissions from F. septica leaves, plant hormone concentrations and signalling gene expression, MEP pathway metabolite concentrations, and related enzyme gene expression for 1 year in the field to better understand the role of plant hormones and their long-term control. Seasonality of isoprenes was mainly driven by temperature- and light-dependent variations in substrate availability through the MEP route, as well as transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of isoprene synthase (IspS). Isoprene emissions are seasonally correlated with plant hormone levels. This was especially evident in the cytokinin profiles, which decreased in summer and increased in winter. Only 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-butenyl-4-diphosphate (HMBDP) exhibited a positive connection with cytokinins among the MEP metabolites examined, suggesting that HMBDP and its biosynthetic enzyme, HMBDP synthase (HDS), play a role in channelling of MEP pathway metabolites to cytokinin production. Thus, it is probable that cytokinins have potential feed-forward regulation of isoprene production. Under long-term natural conditions, the hormonal balance of IAA/JA-Ile was not associated with IspS transcripts or isoprene emissions. This study builds on prior work by revealing differences between short- and long-term hormonal modulation of isoprene emissions in the tropical tree F. septica.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Iqbal
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - K Miyamoto
- Department of Biosciences, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - E Yumoto
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - S Oogai
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - I Mutanda
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - M Inafuku
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - H Oku
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Neves D, Figueiredo A, Maia M, Laczko E, Pais MS, Cravador A. A Metabolome Analysis and the Immunity of Phlomis purpurea against Phytophthora cinnamomi. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1929. [PMID: 37653845 PMCID: PMC10223286 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Phlomis purpurea grows spontaneously in the southern Iberian Peninsula, namely in cork oak (Quercus suber) forests. In a previous transcriptome analysis, we reported on its immunity against Phytophthora cinnamomi. However, little is known about the involvement of secondary metabolites in the P. purpurea defense response. It is known, though, that root exudates are toxic to this pathogen. To understand the involvement of secondary metabolites in the defense of P. purpurea, a metabolome analysis was performed using the leaves and roots of plants challenged with the pathogen for over 72 h. The putatively identified compounds were constitutively produced. Alkaloids, fatty acids, flavonoids, glucosinolates, polyketides, prenol lipids, phenylpropanoids, sterols, and terpenoids were differentially produced in these leaves and roots along the experiment timescale. It must be emphasized that the constitutive production of taurine in leaves and its increase soon after challenging suggests its role in P. purpurea immunity against the stress imposed by the oomycete. The rapid increase in secondary metabolite production by this plant species accounts for a concerted action of multiple compounds and genes on the innate protection of Phlomis purpurea against Phytophthora cinnamomi. The combination of the metabolome with the transcriptome data previously disclosed confirms the mentioned innate immunity of this plant against a devastating pathogen. It suggests its potential as an antagonist in phytopathogens' biological control. Its application in green forestry/agriculture is therefore possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Neves
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- Grapevine Pathogen Systems Lab (GPS Lab), Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 016, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marisa Maia
- Grapevine Pathogen Systems Lab (GPS Lab), Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 016, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Endre Laczko
- Functional Genomics Center, UZH/ETHZ, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Salomé Pais
- Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, R. da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, 19, 1200-168 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Cravador
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Peng S, Li F, Yu K, Zhou F, Yu H, Liu H, Guo J, Li G, Wang C, Yan X, Li Z. Integrating transcriptome and chemical analyses to reveal the anti-Alzheimer's disease components in Verbena officinalis Linn. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:955075. [PMID: 35991454 PMCID: PMC9386363 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.955075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Verbena officinalis Linn. is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, which has a long history of application and shows good effects on neuroprotection. Therefore, we consider that V. officinalis may be a potential drug for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). First, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) pointed out that the main chemical components in V. officinalis were iridoid glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides, and flavonoids. These compounds were used for molecular docking and the results showed that these compounds had good anti-AD activity. To explore the biosynthetic pathway of anti-AD components in V. officinalis, UPLC and ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry were used for contents determination and the result was leaf > stem > root. At the same time, 92,867 unigenes were annotated in V. officinalis transcriptome; 206, 229, 115 related unigenes were, respectively, annotated in iridoid glycoside, phenylethanoid glycoside, and flavonoid pathway, of which 61, 73, and 35 were differential expression genes. The components had relatively high expression in leaves, which was consistent with the quantitative results. In addition, the tissue distribution particularity of verbenalin may be related to the branching of pathways. Meanwhile transcription factors VoWRKY6 and VoWRKY7 may be involved in the regulation of iridoid glycoside biosynthesis. Further, VoWRKY3, VoWRKY9, and VoWRKY12 may be related to flavonoid biosynthesis. The above research is helpful to explore the biosynthetic pathway of anti-AD components and the regulation mechanism of active components and to further explore the anti-AD effect of V. officinalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhuan Peng
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fangyi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuo Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengshu Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Heshui Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jialiang Guo
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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