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Liu L, Chen C, Li Y, Ao D, Wu J, Cai N, Li W, Xiang M. Dynamics alteration of the gut microbiota and faecal metabolomes in very low or extremely low birth weight infants: a Chinese single-center, prospective cohort study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1438213. [PMID: 39247697 PMCID: PMC11377216 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1438213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the temporal dynamics of faecal gut microbiota and metabonomics in early postnatal with a focus on very low or extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants. Methods We collected faecal samples from 157 VLBW/ELBW infants at three time points: days 1, 14, and 28 in a prospective cohort study. The faecal microbial diversity, abundance, composition, and metabolomic analyses were determined using 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Microbiome functional analyses were conducted utilizing PICRUSt2. The ecological association networks were employed to investigate the interactions between gut microbiota and identify the core genus within 28 days of birth, as well as to unveil correlations between taxa and metabolites. Result (1) The alpha diversity of gut microbiota significantly decreased from D1 to D28, accompanied by an interrupted trajectory lacking obligate anaerobes. At the phylum level, the 16S RNA sequencing results showed an increase in Proteobacteria and a decrease in Firmicutes and Bacteroidota from D1 to D28. At the genus level, there was a decrease in the relative abundance of Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter and Ureaplasma, with Klebsiella and Enterococcus emerging as the most abundant genera. (2) The analysis revealed a total of 561 metabolic markers that exhibited significant and distinct alterations between D1 and D14. (3) Ecological association networks revealed that the gut microbiota in D1 exhibited a significantly higher degree of microbial interactions compared to those in D14 and D28. Additionally, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter were major contributors to the co-occurring network at these three time points. (4) Steroid hormone biosynthesis, including tetrahydrocortisone, androsterone glucuronide, androstenedione and etiocholanolone glucuronide, decreased within 28 days after birth. Conclusion We have successfully demonstrated a significant dysbiosis in the gut microbiota and a subsequent decrease in its diversity within 4 weeks postpartum in VLBW/ELBW infants. Monitoring the gut microbiota of VLBW/ELBW infants and promptly rectifying dysbiosis in the early stages may represent a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chaohong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - YeShan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Dang Ao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiayuan Wu
- Clinical Research Service Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Nali Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Min Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Hao D, Niu H, Zhao Q, Shi J, An C, Wang S, Zhou C, Chen S, Fu Y, Zhang Y, He Z. Impact of high-altitude acclimatization and de-acclimatization on the intestinal microbiota of rats in a natural high-altitude environment. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1371247. [PMID: 38774503 PMCID: PMC11106481 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1371247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal microorganisms play an important role in the health of both humans and animals, with their composition being influenced by changes in the host's environment. Methods We evaluated the longitudinal changes in the fecal microbial community of rats at different altitudes across various time points. Rats were airlifted to high altitude (3,650 m) and acclimatized for 42 days (HAC), before being by airlifted back to low altitude (500 m) and de-acclimatized for 28 days (HADA); meanwhile, the control group included rats living at low altitude (500 m; LA). We investigated changes in the gut microbiota at 12 time points during high-altitude acclimatization and de-acclimatization, employing 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology alongside physiological indices, such as weight and daily autonomous activity time. Results A significant increase in the Chao1 index was observed on day 14 in the HAC and HADA groups compared to that in the LA group, indicating clear differences in species richness. Moreover, the principal coordinate analysis revealed that the bacterial community structures of HAC and HADA differed from those in LA. Long-term high-altitude acclimatization and de- acclimatization resulted in the reduced abundance of the probiotic Lactobacillus. Altitude and age significantly influenced intestinal microbiota composition, with changes in ambient oxygen content and atmospheric partial pressure being considered key causal factors of altitude-dependent alterations in microbiota composition. High-altitude may be linked to an increase in anaerobic bacterial abundance and a decrease in non-anaerobic bacterial abundance. Discussion In this study, the hypobaric hypoxic conditions at high-altitude increased the abundance of anaerobes, while reducing the abundance of probiotics; these changes in bacterial community structure may, ultimately, affect host health. Overall, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the intestinal microbiota alterations during high-altitude acclimatization and de-acclimatization is essential for the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies to better protect the health of individuals traveling between high- and low-altitude areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Hao
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Haomeng Niu
- Medical College, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanhao An
- Health Clinic, Training Base of the Armed Police Force of Tibet, Lhasa, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaohua Zhou
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongxing Fu
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongqun Zhang
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeng He
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, China
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Han Y, Jia Q, Tian Y, Yan Y, He K, Zhao X. Multi-omics reveals changed energy metabolism of liver and muscle by caffeine after mice swimming. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16677. [PMID: 38188177 PMCID: PMC10771084 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the effects of caffeine on exercise, and provide convincing evidence for its ergogenic effects on exercise performance. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these ergogenic effects remain unclear. In this study, an exercise swimming model was conducted to investigate the effects of orally administered with caffeine before swimming on the alterations of proteome and energy metabolome of liver and muscle after swimming. We found proteins in liver, such as S100a8, S100a9, Gabpa, Igfbp1 and Sdc4, were significantly up-regulated, while Rbp4 and Tf decreased after swimming were further down-regulated in caffeine group. The glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways in liver and muscle were both significantly down-regulated in caffeine group. The pyruvate carboxylase and amino acid levels in liver, including cysteine, serine and tyrosine, were markedly up-regulated in caffeine group, exhibiting a strong correlation with the increased pyruvic acid and oxaloacetate levels in muscle. Moreover, caffeine significantly decreased the lactate levels in both liver and muscle after swimming, potentially benefiting exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Jia
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlun He
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Translational Medical Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Absatirova V, Shandaulov A, Khamchiyev K, Shukurov F, Khalimova F. Changes in the pulmonary circulation due to gravitational loads in high altitude conditions. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024; 86:419-432. [PMID: 38108346 DOI: 10.3233/ch-231910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of gravity on the existence of all living things has long been of interest to scientists. The force of the Earth's gravity combined with hypoxia significantly affects blood circulation and blood accumulation in various parts of the human and animal body. To date, the relationship between body position and blood circulation in pulmonary circulation under hypobaric hypoxia has not been sufficiently studied. OBJECTIVES Therefore, the research aims to determine the possibility of changing the body position in space on the reactions in the pulmonary circulation in the plains and highlands. METHODS For this purpose, research was conducted on male Wistar rats, 44 of whom spent 150 days at an altitude of 3200 m above sea level, and 25 representatives of the control group - at an altitude of 164 m. RESULTS The study revealed that gravitational redistribution of blood in mountainous conditions is less pronounced compared to the control group. This is explained by the remodeling of the vascular wall and an increase in its stiffness. It was found that a change in pulmonary artery pressure at the time of a change in body position was recorded both on the plains and in the highlands. On the plains, when the body position of rats was changed to passive orthostatic, a decrease in systolic and diastolic pulmonary artery pressure was noted, and when the body position was changed to passive anti-orthostatic, an increase in pulmonary artery pressure was observed. The increase in pulmonary artery pressure was a compensatory mechanism due to the increased stiffness of the pulmonary vasculature. CONCLUSIONS The practical significance of this research is to expand the understanding of the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension in high-altitude hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venera Absatirova
- Department of Normal Physiology, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Assylbek Shandaulov
- Department of Normal Physiology, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Kureysh Khamchiyev
- Department of Normal Physiology, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Firuz Shukurov
- Department of Normal Physiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Fariza Khalimova
- Department of Normal Physiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
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Ailizire A, Wang X, Ma Y, Yan X, Li S, Wu Z, Du W. How hypoxia affects microbiota metabolism in mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1244519. [PMID: 37840721 PMCID: PMC10569469 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1244519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and the fecal metabolites of hypoxic environments in mice. Methods High-fat diet-induced obese mice (n = 20) and normal diet-fed mice (n = 20) were randomly divided into four groups: high altitude obese group (HOB), high altitude normal weight group (HN), low altitude obese group LOB (LOB), and low altitude normal weight group (LN). Fecal samples from each group were 16S rRNA gene sequenced, and five samples from each of the four groups above were selected for non-targeted fecal metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relationship between gut microbiota and fecal metabolites was analyzed using SIMCA 14.1, MetaboAnalyst 5.0 and R 4.1.11. Results (A) Body weight was significantly lower in the hypoxic obesity group than in the normoxic obesity group. (B) Differences in α-diversity and β-diversity were found in the fecal gut microbiota of mice of different body weights and altitude, and the diversity of gut microbiota was higher in the normal group than in the obese group; the results of the comparison between the two groups showed that Faecalibaculum, Romboutsia, Lactobacillus, and A2 were associated with obesity; Romboutsia was associated with hypoxia. (C) The metabolic profiles of fecal metabolites differed between groups: gut microbiota were associated with nucleotide and amino acid metabolism in the same body groups, while gut microbiota were associated with lipid and amino acid metabolism in the same oxygen concentration groups. Conclusion (a) Gut microbiota diversity was reduced in obese groups. Romboutsia was the dominant microbiota in the hypoxia group. (b) Gut microbiota were associated with nucleotide and amino acid metabolism in the same body weight groups, while they were associated with lipid and amino acid metabolism in the same altitude groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainiwaer Ailizire
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Proctology, Qinghai Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
- Key Laboratory for Application of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Wenqi Du
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
- Key Laboratory for Application of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Widjaja F, Rietjens IMCM. From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2658. [PMID: 37893032 PMCID: PMC10603957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition, viability and metabolic functionality of intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease. Studies on intestinal microbiota are often based on fecal samples, because these can be sampled in a non-invasive way, although procedures for sampling, processing and storage vary. This review presents factors to consider when developing an automated protocol for sampling, processing and storing fecal samples: donor inclusion criteria, urine-feces separation in smart toilets, homogenization, aliquoting, usage or type of buffer to dissolve and store fecal material, temperature and time for processing and storage and quality control. The lack of standardization and low-throughput of state-of-the-art fecal collection procedures promote a more automated protocol. Based on this review, an automated protocol is proposed. Fecal samples should be collected and immediately processed under anaerobic conditions at either room temperature (RT) for a maximum of 4 h or at 4 °C for no more than 24 h. Upon homogenization, preferably in the absence of added solvent to allow addition of a buffer of choice at a later stage, aliquots obtained should be stored at either -20 °C for up to a few months or -80 °C for a longer period-up to 2 years. Protocols for quality control should characterize microbial composition and viability as well as metabolic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Widjaja
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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Zhu Y, Cidan Y, Sun G, Li X, Shahid MA, Luosang Z, Suolang Z, Suo L, Basang W. Comparative analysis of gut fungal composition and structure of the yaks under different feeding models. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1193558. [PMID: 37396992 PMCID: PMC10310795 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1193558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The yaks that inhabit the Tibetan plateau are a rare breed that is closely related to local economic development and human civilization. This ancient breed may have evolved a unique gut microbiota due to the hypoxic high-altitude environment. The gut microbiota is susceptible to external factors, but research regarding the effects of different feeding models on the gut fungal community in yaks remains scarce. In this study, we compared and analyzed the composition and variability of the gut fungal community among wild yaks (WYG), house-feeding domestic yaks (HFG), and grazing domestic yaks (GYG). The results revealed that Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were the most preponderant phyla in the gut fungal community, regardless of feeding models. Although the types of dominant fungal phyla did not change, their abundances did. Intergroup analysis of fungal diversity showed that the Shannon and Simpson indices of WYG and GYG were significantly higher than those of HFG. Fungal taxonomic analysis showed that there were 20 genera (Sclerostagonospora and Didymella) that were significantly different between WYG and GYG, and 16 genera (Thelebolus and Cystobasidium) that were significantly different between the WYG and HFG. Furthermore, the proportions of 14 genera (Claussenomyces and Papiliotrema) significantly decreased, whereas the proportions of eight genera (Stropharia and Lichtheimia) significantly increased in HFG as compared to GYG. Taken together, this study indicated that the gut fungal composition and structure differ significantly between yaks raised in different breeding groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
- Linzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Lhasa, China
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Yangji Cidan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Guangming Sun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Xin Li
- Linzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Lhasa, China
| | - Muhammad Akbar Shahid
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zhaxi Luosang
- Linzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Lhasa, China
| | - Zhaxi Suolang
- Linzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Lhasa, China
| | - Lang Suo
- Linzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Lhasa, China
| | - Wangdui Basang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
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