Naurita M, Wibowo YI, Setiadi AP, Setiawan E, Halim SV, Sunderland B. Information on antibiotics in an Indonesian hospital outpatient setting: What is provided by pharmacy staff and recalled by patients?
Pharm Pract (Granada) 2021;
19:2167. [PMID:
33520037 PMCID:
PMC7819704 DOI:
10.18549/pharmpract.2021.1.2167]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The provision of information by pharmacy staff is a key factor to ensure
patients’ understanding and quality use of medications, including
antibiotics. However, little is known regarding the transmission of
information between pharmacy staff and patients in Indonesia.
Objective:
This study aimed to identify information on antibiotics provided by pharmacy
staff and recalled by patients in an Indonesian outpatient setting.
Methods:
The study was conducted in a hospital outpatient clinic in Malang, Indonesia,
in 2019. A checklist was used to obtain the data on information provided by
pharmacy staff, while interviews were conducted to determine information
recalled by patients (only presenting patients were included); a total of 15
information items – i.e. 14 essential and one secondary – were
observed. Descriptive analysis was used to summarise data on the checklists
(‘given’ versus ‘not given’) as well as
responses from the interviews (‘recalled’ versus
‘missed’).
Results:
Eleven pharmacy staff (two pharmacists and nine pharmacy technicians) were
involved in providing information for patients obtaining oral antibiotics
during the study period. Of 14 essential information items, only about half
was given by pharmacy staff, with pharmacists significantly providing on
average more information items than pharmacy technicians (7.96 versus 7.67
respectively; p<0.001). The most frequently information items
provided (>90%) included “antibiotic
identification”, “indication”, administration
directions (i.e. “dosage”, “frequency”,
“hour of administration”, “administration before/after
meal”, “route of administration”), and “duration
of use”. A total of 230 patients consented to the study, giving
79.9% response rate. The average number of information items recalled
by patients was 7.09 (SD 1.45). Almost all patients could recall information
on administration directions [i.e. “route of administration”
(97.0%), “frequency” (95.2%),
“dosage” (92.6%), “hour of
administration” (85.7%), “administration before/after
meal” (89.1%)] and “duration of use”
(90.9%). Fewer patients were able to recall “antibiotic
identification” (76.5%) and “indication”
(77.0%).
Conclusions:
Pharmacy staff provided antibiotic information in a limited fashion, while
patients showed adequate ability to recall the information given to them.
Further study is needed to better understand the effective process of
information transmission between pharmacy staff and patients, especially if
more information was provided, to better optimise the use of antibiotics in
outpatient settings in Indonesia.
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