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Carvajal-Agudelo JD, Eaton J, Franz-Odendaal TA. Reduced ossification caused by 3D simulated microgravity exposure is short-term in larval zebrafish. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2024; 41:127-135. [PMID: 38670639 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how skeletal tissues respond to microgravity is ever more important with the increased interest in human space travel. Here, we exposed larval Danio rerio at 3.5 dpf to simulated microgravity (SMG) using a 3D mode of rotation in a ground-based experiment and then studied different cellular, molecular, and morphological bone responses both immediately after exposure and one week later. Our results indicate an overall decrease in ossification in several developing skeletal elements immediately after SMG exposure with the exception of the otoliths, however ossification returns to normal levels seven days after exposure. Coincident with the reduction in overall ossification tnfsf11 (RANKL) expression is highly elevated after 24 h of SMG exposure and also returns to normal levels seven days after exposure. We also show that genes associated with osteoblasts are unaffected immediately after SMG exposure. Thus, the observed reduction in ossification is primarily the result of a high level of bone resorption. This study sheds insight into the nuances of how osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the skeleton of a vertebrate organism respond to an external environmental disturbance, in this case simulated microgravity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordan Eaton
- Department of Biology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, B3M 2J6, Canada; Department of Biology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Wang C, Li M, Gui W, Shi H, Wang P, Chen J, Fent K, Zhang K, Dai J, Li X, Zhao Y. Prednisolone Accelerates Embryonic Development of Zebrafish via Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling at Low Concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15794-15805. [PMID: 37812749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids have been widely detected in aquatic ecosystems and may pose a toxicological risk to fish. In the present study, we described multiple end point responses of zebrafish to a commonly prescribed glucocorticoid, prednisolone (PREL), at concentrations between 0.001 and 9.26 μg/L. Of 23 end points monitored, 7 were affected significantly. Significant increases in the frequency of yolk extension formation, spontaneous contraction, heart rate, and ocular melanin density and significant decreases of ear-eye distance at PREL concentrations of 0.001 μg/L and above clearly pointed to the acceleration of embryonic development of zebrafish by PREL. Further confirmation came from the alterations in somite numbers, head-trunk angle, and yolk sac size, as well as outcomes obtained via RNA sequencing, in which signaling pathways involved in tissue/organ growth and development were highly enriched in embryos upon PREL exposure. In addition, the crucial role of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) for PREL-induced effects was confirmed by both, the coexposure to antagonist mifepristone (RU486) and GR-/- mutant zebrafish experiments. We further demonstrated similar accelerations of embryonic development of zebrafish upon exposure to 11 additional glucocorticoids, indicating generic adverse effect characteristics. Overall, our results revealed developmental alterations of PREL in fish embryos at low concentrations and thus provided novel insights into the understanding of the potential environmental risks of glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wanying Gui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haochun Shi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jierong Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Karl Fent
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollution Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xi Li
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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Tetrault E, Swenson J, Aaronson B, Marcho C, Albertson RC. The transcriptional state and chromatin landscape of cichlid jaw shape variation across species and environments. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:3922-3941. [PMID: 37160741 PMCID: PMC10524807 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive phenotypes are shaped by a combination of genetic and environmental forces, but how they interact remains poorly understood. Here, we utilize the cichlid oral jaw apparatus to better understand these gene-by-environment effects. First, we employed RNA-seq in bony and ligamentous tissues important for jaw opening to identify differentially expressed genes between species and across foraging environments. We used two Lake Malawi species adapted to different foraging habitats along the pelagic-benthic ecomorphological axis. Our foraging treatments were designed to force animals to employ either suction or biting/scraping, which broadly mimic pelagic or benthic modes of feeding. We found a large number of differentially expressed genes between species, and while we identified relatively few differences between environments, species differences were far more pronounced when they were challenged with a pelagic versus benthic foraging mode. Expression data carried the signature of genetic assimilation, and implicated cell cycle regulation in shaping the jaw across species and environments. Next, we repeated the foraging experiment and performed ATAC-seq procedures on nuclei harvested from the same tissues. Cross-referencing results from both analyses revealed subsets of genes that were both differentially expressed and differentially accessible. This reduced dataset implicated notable candidate genes including the Hedgehog effector, KIAA0586 and the ETS transcription factor, etv4, which connects environmental stress and craniofacial morphogenesis. Taken together, these data provide novel insights into the epigenetic, genetic and cellular bases of species- and environment-specific bone shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Tetrault
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA, 01003, U.S.A
| | - John Swenson
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA, 01003, U.S.A
| | - Ben Aaronson
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA, 01003, U.S.A
| | - Chelsea Marcho
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA, 01003, U.S.A
| | - R. Craig Albertson
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA, 01003, U.S.A
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Stewart MK, Hoehne L, Dudczig S, Mattiske DM, Pask AJ, Jusuf PR. Exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration of 17α-ethinylestradiol disrupts craniofacial development of juvenile zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 251:114541. [PMID: 36657377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interact with native hormone receptors to interfere with and disrupt hormone signalling that is necessary for a broad range of developmental pathways. EDCs are pervasive in our environment, in particular in our waterways, making aquatic wildlife especially vulnerable to their effects. Many of these EDCs are able to bind to and activate oestrogen receptors, causing aberrant oestrogen signalling. Craniofacial development is an oestrogen-sensitive process, with oestrogen receptors expressed in chondrocytes during critical periods of development. Previous studies have demonstrated a negative effect of high concentrations of oestrogen on early craniofacial patterning in the aquatic model organism, the zebrafish (Danio rerio). In order to determine the impacts of exposure to an oestrogenic EDC, we exposed zebrafish larvae and juveniles to either a high concentration to replicate previous studies, or a low, environmentally relevant concentration of the oestrogenic contaminant, 17α-ethinylestradiol. The prolonged / chronic exposure regimen was used to replicate that seen by many animals in natural waterways. We observed changes to craniofacial morphology in all treatments, and most strikingly in the larvae-juveniles exposed to a low concentration of EE2. In the present study, we have demonstrated that the developmental stage at which exposure occurs can greatly impact phenotypic outcomes, and these results allow us to understand the widespread impact of oestrogenic endocrine disruptors. Given the conservation of key craniofacial development pathways across vertebrates, our model can further be applied in defining the risks of EDCs on mammalian organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie K Stewart
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Luca Hoehne
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Stefanie Dudczig
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Deidre M Mattiske
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew J Pask
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Patricia R Jusuf
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Fang J, Wang D, Kramer NI, Rietjens IMCM, Boogaard PJ, Kamelia L. The role of receptor-mediated activities of 4- and 5-ring unsubstituted and methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in developmental toxicity. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 43:845-861. [PMID: 36585251 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), estrogen receptor-α (ER-α), and retinoic acid receptor (RAR) mediated activities of nine 4- and 5-ring unsubstituted and monomethylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using a series of Chemical-Activated LUciferase gene eXpression (CALUX) assays. The potential role of these aforementioned receptors in relation to the developmental toxicity of these PAHs was further assessed in the zebrafish embryotoxicity test (ZET). The results show that all nine tested PAHs were AhR agonists, benz[a]anthracene (BaA) and 8-methyl-benz[a]anthracene (8-MeBaA) were ER-α agonists, and none of the tested PAHs induced ER-α antagonistic or RAR (ant)agonistic activities. In the AhR CALUX assay, all the methylated PAHs showed higher potency (lower EC50) in activating the AhR than their respective unsubstituted PAHs, implying that the addition of a methyl substituent on the aromatic ring of PAHs could enhance their AhR-mediated activities. Co-exposure of zebrafish embryos with each individual PAH and an AhR antagonist (CH223191) counteracted the observed developmental retardations and embryo lethality to a certain extent, except for 8-methyl-benzo[a]pyrene (8-MeBaP). Co-exposure of zebrafish embryos with either of the two estrogenic PAHs (i.e., BaA and 8-MeBaA) and an ER-α antagonist (fulvestrant) neutralized embryo lethality induced by 50 μM BaA and the developmental retardations induced by 15 μM 8-MeBaA. Altogether, our findings suggest that the observed developmental retardations in zebrafish embryos by the PAH tested may partially be AhR- and/or ER-α-mediated, whereas the RAR seems not to be relevant for the PAH-induced developmental toxicity in the ZET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fang
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Danlei Wang
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke I Kramer
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Ivonne M C M Rietjens
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Boogaard
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Lenny Kamelia
- Shell Global Solutions International B.V., The Hague, The Netherlands
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Wei J, Wang X, Dong Y, Zhong X, Ren X, Song R, Ma J, Yu A, Fan Q, Yao J, Shan D, Lv F, Zheng Y, Deng Q, Li X, He Y, Fan S, Zhao C, Wang X, Yuan R, She G. Curcumae Rhizoma - combined with Sparganii Rhizoma in the treatment of liver cancer: Chemical analysis using UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS n, network analysis, and experimental assessment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1027687. [PMID: 36561345 PMCID: PMC9764015 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1027687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Curcumae Rhizoma-Sparganii Rhizoma (CR-SR) is a traditional botanical drug pair that can promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis, and treat tumors in clinics. The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic material basis and potential mechanisms of CR-SR, CR, and SR for the treatment of liver cancer. Method: The chemical profile analyses of CR-SR, CR, and SR were performed by molecular networking and UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MSn. The anti-liver cancer activities of CR-SR, CR, and SR were assessed by using a zebrafish xenograft model in vivo for the first time and detected by the HepG2 cell model in vitro. Combining the network analysis and molecular docking, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) experiments were undertaken to further explore the mechanisms of CR-SR, CR, and SR for the treatment of liver cancer. Results: In total, 65 components were identified in CR-SR, CR, and SR. Based on the clusters of molecular networking, a total of 12 novel diarylheptanoids were identified from CR-SR and CR. By combining our results with information from the literature, 32 sesquiterpenoids and 21 cyclic dipeptides were identified from CR-SR, CR, and SR. The anti-liver cancer activities were observed in both the drug pair and the single botanical drugs in vitro and in vivo, and the order of activity was CR-SR > CR > SR. They could downregulate the expression of proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), estrogen receptor-α (ESR1), prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and amyloid precursor protein (APP). Conclusion: Taken together, the present study provided an experimental basis for the therapeutic material basis and potential molecular mechanisms of CR-SR, CR, and SR. This study provided a novel insight for objective clinical treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangjian Zhong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyang Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Ruolan Song
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Jiamu Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Axiang Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Jianling Yao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Dongjie Shan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Lv
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyue Deng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Xianxian Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Yingyu He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Shusheng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chongjun Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhuan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China,Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Xiuhuan Wang, ; Ruijuan Yuan, ; Gaimei She,
| | - Ruijuan Yuan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Xiuhuan Wang, ; Ruijuan Yuan, ; Gaimei She,
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Xiuhuan Wang, ; Ruijuan Yuan, ; Gaimei She,
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7
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Zare Mirakabad H, Khorramizadeh MR. Introduction to the potential of Ferula ovina in dental implant research due to estrogenic bioactive compounds and adhesive properties. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262045. [PMID: 35041680 PMCID: PMC8765653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in dental implant have heightened the urgent need to natural tissue adhesives estrogenic materials with ability of promoting the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation in human dental pulp-derived stem cells, to provide better integration of tissue for dentistry. Up to now, far little attention has been paid to adhesives extract of the root of Ferula sp. which contains biomaterial compounds with estrogenic activities. Prior to undertaking the investigation, analysis of the extract of the root of F. ovina revealed a novel terpenoid, and we identified it as Fenoferin. So far, this paper has focused on Fenoferin compared to Ferutinin and root extract to determine if Fenoferin caused changes in craniofacial cartilage, bone (ceratohyal) and tooth mineralization. Following the purpose of study, we used zebrafish as a well-developed model system for studying bone development, so the developing zebrafish larvae were exposed to various concentration of compounds at 2dpf, and the histological analyses were performed at 6dpf. The result of the current study highlights the importance of F. ovina in studies related to dental regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Zare Mirakabad
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- * E-mail: , (HZM); (MRK)
| | - M. Reza Khorramizadeh
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Zebrafish Core Facility, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI), TUMS, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: , (HZM); (MRK)
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8
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Huang W, Wu T, Au WW, Wu K. Impact of environmental chemicals on craniofacial skeletal development: Insights from investigations using zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117541. [PMID: 34118758 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial skeletal anomalies are among the most common structural birth defects around the world. Various studies using human populations and experimental animals have shown that genetic and environmental factors play significant roles in the causation and progression of these anomalies. Environmental factors, such as teratogens and toxin mixtures, induce craniofacial anomalies are gaining heightened attention. Among experimental investigations, the use of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been increasing. A major reason for the increased use is that the zebrafish boast a simple craniofacial structure, and facial morphogenesis is readily observed due to external fertilization and transparent embryo, making it a valuable platform to screen and identify environmental factors involved in the etiology of craniofacial skeletal malformation. This review provides an update on harmful effects from exposure to environmental chemicals, involving metallic elements, nanoparticles, persistent organic pollutants, pesticides and pharmaceutical formulations on craniofacial skeletal development in zebrafish embryos. The collected data provide a better understanding for induction of craniofacial skeletal anomalies and for development of better prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianjie Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - William W Au
- University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Techonology, 540142, Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Bhagirath AY, Medapati MR, de Jesus VC, Yadav S, Hinton M, Dakshinamurti S, Atukorallaya D. Role of Maternal Infections and Inflammatory Responses on Craniofacial Development. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2021; 2:735634. [PMID: 35048051 PMCID: PMC8757860 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.735634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a tightly regulated immunological state. Mild environmental perturbations can affect the developing fetus significantly. Infections can elicit severe immunological cascades in the mother's body as well as the developing fetus. Maternal infections and resulting inflammatory responses can mediate epigenetic changes in the fetal genome, depending on the developmental stage. The craniofacial development begins at the early stages of embryogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the immunology of pregnancy and its responsive mechanisms on maternal infections. Further, we will also discuss the epigenetic effects of pathogens, their metabolites and resulting inflammatory responses on the fetus with a special focus on craniofacial development. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of infections and dysregulated inflammatory responses during prenatal development could provide better insights into the origins of craniofacial birth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Y. Bhagirath
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Manoj Reddy Medapati
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Vivianne Cruz de Jesus
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sneha Yadav
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
| | - Martha Hinton
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shyamala Dakshinamurti
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Devi Atukorallaya
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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10
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Gene coexpression networks reveal molecular interactions underlying cichlid jaw modularity. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:62. [PMID: 33888061 PMCID: PMC8061045 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The oral and pharyngeal jaw of cichlid fishes are a classic example of evolutionary modularity as their functional decoupling boosted trophic diversification and contributed to the success of cichlid adaptive radiations. Most studies until now have focused on the functional, morphological, or genetic aspects of cichlid jaw modularity. Here we extend this concept to include transcriptional modularity by sequencing whole transcriptomes of the two jaws and comparing their gene coexpression networks. Results We show that transcriptional decoupling of gene expression underlies the functional decoupling of cichlid oral and pharyngeal jaw apparatus and the two units are evolving independently in recently diverged cichlid species from Lake Tanganyika. Oral and pharyngeal jaw coexpression networks reflect the common origin of the jaw regulatory program as there is high preservation of gene coexpression modules between the two sets of jaws. However, there is substantial rewiring of genetic architecture within those modules. We define a global jaw coexpression network and highlight jaw-specific and species-specific modules within it. Furthermore, we annotate a comprehensive in silico gene regulatory network linking the Wnt and AHR signalling pathways to jaw morphogenesis and response to environmental cues, respectively. Components of these pathways are significantly differentially expressed between the oral and pharyngeal jaw apparatus. Conclusion This study describes the concerted expression of many genes in cichlid oral and pharyngeal jaw apparatus at the onset of the independent life of cichlid fishes. Our findings suggest that – on the basis of an ancestral gill arch network—transcriptional rewiring may have driven the modular evolution of the oral and pharyngeal jaws, highlighting the evolutionary significance of gene network reuse. The gene coexpression and in silico regulatory networks presented here are intended as resource for future studies on the genetics of vertebrate jaw morphogenesis and trophic adaptation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-021-01787-9.
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11
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Huang W, Wang X, Zheng S, Wu R, Liu C, Wu K. Effect of bisphenol A on craniofacial cartilage development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos: A morphological study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 212:111991. [PMID: 33548570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, is present in everyday-used consumables and common household products. Although the side effects of BPA have been sufficiently explored, little is known the effects of environmentally relevant low levels of BPA on chondrogenesis in skeletal development. Here we used a morphological approach to investigate whether exposure to BPA (0, 0.0038, 0.05, 0.1, 1.0 μM) could affect craniofacial cartilage development of zebrafish embryo. Furthermore, we sought to determine receptor-mediated BPA induced chondrogenesis toxicity by co-exposing developing embryos to BPA and various inhibitors. Low-dose BPA affected heart rate and induced body and head elongation of larvae. Quantitative morphometric and histopathological analysis revealed that BPA exposure changed the angle and length of craniofacial cartilage elements and disrupted chondrocytes. BPA induced pharyngeal cartilage defects via multiple cellular pathways, including estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, and estrogen-related receptors. Our findings demonstrate that BPA alters the normal development of cartilage and craniofacial structures in zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, in this study we find multiple cellular pathways mediating the effects of BPA-induced craniofacial chondrogenesis toxicity. Further experiments will allow for establishing a connection between BPA and increased risk of congenital malformation of the facial cranium in BPA-exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruotong Wu
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Cooper R, David A, Lange A, Tyler CR. Health Effects and Life Stage Sensitivities in Zebrafish Exposed to an Estrogenic Wastewater Treatment Works Effluent. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:666656. [PMID: 33995285 PMCID: PMC8120895 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.666656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide range of health effects in fish have been reported for exposure to wastewater treatment work (WwTW) effluents including feminized responses in males. Most of these exposure studies, however, have assessed acute health effects and chronic exposure effects are less well established. Using an Estrogen Responsive Element-Green Fluorescent Protein (ERE-GFP)-Casper transgenic zebrafish, we investigated chronic health effects and life stage sensitivities for exposure to an estrogenic WwTW effluent and the synthetic estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). Exposure to the WwTW effluent (at full strength;100%) and to 10 ng/L (nominal) EE2 delayed testis maturation in male fish but accelerated ovary development in females. Exposure to 50% and 100% effluent, and to 10 ng/L EE2, also resulted in skewed sex ratios in favor of females. Differing patterns of green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression, in terms of target tissues and developmental life stages occurred in the ERE-GFP- zebrafish chronically exposed to 100% effluent and reflected the estrogenic content of the effluent. gfp and vitellogenin (vtg) mRNA induction were positively correlated with measured levels of steroidal estrogens in the effluent throughout the study. Our findings illustrate the importance of a fish's developmental stage for estrogen exposure effects and demonstrate the utility of the ERE-GFP zebrafish for integrative health analysis for exposure to estrogenic chemical mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Cooper
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Biosciences, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur David
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Anke Lange
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Biosciences, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Charles R. Tyler
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Biosciences, Exeter, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Charles R. Tyler,
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13
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Raterman ST, Metz JR, Wagener FADTG, Von den Hoff JW. Zebrafish Models of Craniofacial Malformations: Interactions of Environmental Factors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:600926. [PMID: 33304906 PMCID: PMC7701217 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.600926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish is an appealing model organism for investigating the genetic (G) and environmental (E) factors, as well as their interactions (GxE), which contribute to craniofacial malformations. Here, we review zebrafish studies on environmental factors involved in the etiology of craniofacial malformations in humans including maternal smoking, alcohol consumption, nutrition and drug use. As an example, we focus on the (cleft) palate, for which the zebrafish ethmoid plate is a good model. This review highlights the importance of investigating ExE interactions and discusses the variable effects of exposure to environmental factors on craniofacial development depending on dosage, exposure time and developmental stage. Zebrafish also promise to be a good tool to study novel craniofacial teratogens and toxin mixtures. Lastly, we discuss the handful of studies on gene–alcohol interactions using mutant sensitivity screens and reverse genetic techniques. We expect that studies addressing complex interactions (ExE and GxE) in craniofacial malformations will increase in the coming years. These are likely to uncover currently unknown mechanisms with implications for the prevention of craniofacial malformations. The zebrafish appears to be an excellent complementary model with high translational value to study these complex interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Raterman
- Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Dentistry-Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - J R Metz
- Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Frank A D T G Wagener
- Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Dentistry-Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Johannes W Von den Hoff
- Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Dentistry-Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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14
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Xu S, Zhang H, Pao PC, Lee A, Wang J, Suen Chan Y, Manno Iii FAM, Wan Chan S, Han Cheng S, Chen X. Exposure to phthalates impaired neurodevelopment through estrogenic effects and induced DNA damage in neurons. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 222:105469. [PMID: 32179334 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are commonly used in plastic products in daily life. The endocrine-disrupting effects of phthalates have been widely reported. Accumulating evidence from human cohorts and lab animals indicate exposure to phthalates might impair neurodevelopment. However, the direct causal relationship and mechanism between phthalates with neurodevelopment and neurotoxicity have not been firmly established. We found that phthalates (i.e. DBP, DINP, BBP) disrupted the expression of estrogen receptors (esr1, esr2a, esr2b), and impaired neurogenesis in the brain of zebrafish during embryonic development. Moreover, the abnormal expression of estrogen receptors, especially esr2a, was partly rescued in zebrafish which exposed to phthalates, with the estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen. Hence, impaired neurogenesis of zebrafish exposed to phthalates was partly reversed by tamoxifen treatment. Moreover, our results show that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived human neurons exposed to phthalates triggered double-strand DNA breaks in vitro. Overall, this study demonstrates that exposure to phthalates affects neurodevelopment in zebrafish embryos and induces neurotoxicity in human neurons partly through disrupting the expression of estrogen receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisan Xu
- Vitargent (International) Biotechnology Limited, Unit 516, 5/F. Biotech Centre 2, No. 11 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Vitargent (International) Biotechnology Limited, Unit 516, 5/F. Biotech Centre 2, No. 11 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping-Chieh Pao
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building 46 Room 4223 43, Vassar Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Audrey Lee
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building 46 Room 4223 43, Vassar Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building 46 Room 4223 43, Vassar Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yu Suen Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Francis A M Manno Iii
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shun Wan Chan
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuk Han Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueping Chen
- Vitargent (International) Biotechnology Limited, Unit 516, 5/F. Biotech Centre 2, No. 11 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Ahi EP, Richter F, Lecaudey LA, Sefc KM. Gene expression profiling suggests differences in molecular mechanisms of fin elongation between cichlid species. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9052. [PMID: 31227799 PMCID: PMC6588699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45599-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative analyses of gene regulation inform about the molecular basis of phenotypic trait evolution. Here, we address a fin shape phenotype that evolved multiple times independently across teleost fish, including several species within the family Cichlidae. In a previous study, we proposed a gene regulatory network (GRN) involved in the formation and regeneration of conspicuous filamentous elongations adorning the unpaired fins of the Neolamprologus brichardi. Here, we tested the members of this network in the blockhead cichlid, Steatocranus casuarius, which displays conspicuously elongated dorsal and moderately elongated anal fins. Our study provided evidence for differences in the anatomy of fin elongation and suggested gene regulatory divergence between the two cichlid species. Only a subset of the 20 genes tested in S. casuarius showed the qPCR expression patterns predicted from the GRN identified in N. brichardi, and several of the gene-by-gene expression correlations differed between the two cichlid species. In comparison to N. brichardi, gene expression patterns in S. casuarius were in better (but not full) agreement with gene regulatory interactions inferred in zebrafish. Within S. casuarius, the dorsoventral asymmetry in ornament expression was accompanied by differences in gene expression patterns, including potential regulatory differentiation, between the anal and dorsal fin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria. .,Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, SE-75 236, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Florian Richter
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Kristina M Sefc
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria
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16
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Zare Mirakabad H, Farsi M, Malekzadeh Shafaroudi S, Bagheri A, Iranshahi M, Moshtaghi N. Comparison the Effect of Ferutinin and 17β-Estradiol on Bone Mineralization of Developing Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Larvae. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061507. [PMID: 30917511 PMCID: PMC6470982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop novel drugs for osteoporosis which occurs due to estrogen deficiency. Phytoestrogens derived from medicinal plants would be the best alternative to chemical drugs with harmful side effects. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of ferutinin compared to 17β-estradiol (E2) on bone mineralization of zebrafish larvae. Regarding the lack of publications, the histology analysis was performed after exposure to E2 to find effective treatment on bone mineralization of developing zebrafish larvae. Then, the larvae were exposed to four concentrations of ferutinin at three time points to assess the mortality, the expression of some related genes and histology of the ceratohyal and hyomandibular of treated larvae. The RT-PCR result of the treatment groups demonstrated the similar expression pattern in the larvae which were exposed to 1.25 μg/mL of ferutinin and 2 µM of E2 at 2 dpf, which confirmed the result of histology analysis. In addition, RT-qPCR of high concentration of ferutinin and E2 demonstrated that bmp2a/b and esr1 were downregulated and upregulated when the larvae were exposed to 5 μg/mL of ferutinin and 10 µM of E2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Zare Mirakabad
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1163, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Farsi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1163, Iran.
| | | | - Abdolreza Bagheri
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1163, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91886-17871, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Moshtaghi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1163, Iran.
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17
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Seda M, Geerlings M, Lim P, Jeyabalan-Srikaran J, Cichon AC, Scambler PJ, Beales PL, Hernandez-Hernandez V, Stoker AW, Jenkins D. An FDA-Approved Drug Screen for Compounds Influencing Craniofacial Skeletal Development and Craniosynostosis. Mol Syndromol 2019; 10:98-114. [PMID: 30976283 PMCID: PMC6422125 DOI: 10.1159/000491567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural crest stem/progenitor cells (NCSCs) populate a variety of tissues, and their dysregulation is implicated in several human diseases including craniosynostosis and neuroblastoma. We hypothesised that small molecules that inhibit NCSC induction or differentiation may represent potential therapeutically relevant drugs in these disorders. We screened 640 FDA-approved compounds currently in clinical use for other conditions to identify those which disrupt development of NCSC-derived skeletal elements that form the zebrafish jaw. In the primary screen, we used heterozygous transgenic sox10:gfp zebrafish to directly visualise NCSC-derived jaw cartilage. We noted partial toxicity of this transgene in relation to jaw patterning, suggesting that our primary screen was sensitised for NCSC defects, and we confirmed 10 novel, 4 previously reported, and 2 functional analogue drug hits in wild-type embryos. Of these drugs, 9/14 and 7/14, respectively, are known to target pathways implicated in osteoarthritis pathogenesis or to cause reduced bone mineral density/increased fracture risk as side effects in patients treated for other conditions, suggesting that our screen enriched for pathways targeting skeletal tissue homeostasis. We selected one drug that inhibited NCSC induction and one drug that inhibits bone mineralisation for further detailed analyses which reflect our initial hypotheses. These drugs were leflunomide and cyclosporin A, respectively, and their functional analogues, teriflunomide and FK506 (tacrolimus). We identified their critical developmental windows of activity, showing that the severity of defects observed related to the timing, duration, and dose of treatment. While leflunomide has previously been shown to inhibit NCSC induction, we demonstrate additional later roles in cartilage remodelling. Both drugs altered expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases. As proof-of-concept, we also tested drug treatment of disease-relevant mammalian cells. While leflunomide treatment inhibited the viability of several human NCSC-derived neuroblastoma cell lines coincident with altered expression of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis and transcription, FK506 enhanced murine calvarial osteoblast differentiation and prevented fusion of the coronal suture in calvarial explants taken from Crouzon syndrome mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Seda
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Maartje Geerlings
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Peggy Lim
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | - Ann-Christin Cichon
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programmes, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Peter J. Scambler
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programmes, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Philip L. Beales
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | - Andrew W. Stoker
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programmes, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Dagan Jenkins
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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18
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Toxicity Evaluation and Biomarker Selection with Validated Reference Gene in Embryonic Zebrafish Exposed to Mitoxantrone. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113516. [PMID: 30413070 PMCID: PMC6274943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Notwithstanding the widespread use and promising clinical value of chemotherapy, the pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and mechanism of mitoxantrone remains unclear. To promote the clinical value in the treatment of human diseases and the exploration of potential subtle effects of mitoxantrone, zebrafish embryos were employed to evaluate toxicity with validated reference genes based on independent stability evaluation programs. The most stable and recommended reference gene was gapdh, followed by tubα1b, for the 48 h post fertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryo mitoxantrone test, while both eef1a1l1 and rpl13α were recommended as reference genes for the 96 hpf zebrafish embryo mitoxantrone test. With gapdh as an internal control, we analyzed the mRNA levels of representative hepatotoxicity biomarkers, including fabp10a, gclc, gsr, nqo1, cardiotoxicity biomarker erg, and neurotoxicity biomarker gfap in the 48 hpf embryo mitoxantrone test. The mRNA levels of gclc, gsr, and gfap increased significantly in 10 and 50 μg/L mitoxantrone-treated 48 hpf embryos, while the transcript levels of fabp10a decreased in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that mitoxantrone induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Liver hematoxylin–eosin staining and the spontaneous movement of embryos confirmed the results. Thus, the present research suggests that mitoxantrone induces toxicity during the development of the liver and nervous system in zebrafish embryos and that fabp10a is recommended as a potential biomarker for hepatotoxicity in zebrafish embryos. Additionally, gapdh is proposed as a reference gene for the 48 hpf zebrafish embryo mitoxantrone toxicity test, while eef1a1l1 and rpl13α are proposed as that for the 96 hpf test.
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19
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Sun J, Sha H, Yang Y, Ye Q, Yang Q, Huang B, Yu Y, Huang H. Acute toxic responses of embryo-larval zebrafish to zinc pyrithione (ZPT) reveal embryological and developmental toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 205:62-70. [PMID: 29684692 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Zinc pyrithione (ZPT) is widely used in industrial and human daily life, due to its broad antimicrobial spectrum activity. Persistent accumulation of ZTP in the aquatic environment and bioaccumulation in the living organisms attracts more and more attention. However, only very limited information is available so far for the evaluation of systematic toxicity effects of ZPT on multiple organs development. This study intends to deepen our knowledge about the potential toxicity elicited by ZPT by assessing its acute effects on zebrafish (Danio rerio) through morphological, histological and molecular investigations. It has been verified that ZPT exhibits a broad spectrum of toxicity which causes growth retardation and tissue pathological and physiology alternations in heart, liver, eye, notochord, kidney and other organisms of zebrafish. The acute toxicity values of LC50 (95% CI) 96-h is calculated as 0.073 μM. Furthermore, the organ toxicity was verified due to up-regulation of expression of biomarker genes related to organ function and development. In sum, this study demonstrats systematic acute embryological and developmental toxicity of the ZPT on zebrafish embryos/larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - Yuyang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Hongtao Sha
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Qian Ye
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Baoqi Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yadong Yu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
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20
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Elucidation of possible molecular mechanisms underlying the estrogen-induced disruption of cartilage development in zebrafish larvae. Toxicol Lett 2018; 289:22-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) has central roles in tissue integrity and remodeling throughout the life span of animals. While collagens are the most abundant structural components of ECM in most tissues, tissue-specific molecular complexity is contributed by ECM glycoproteins. The matricellular glycoproteins are categorized primarily according to functional criteria and represented predominantly by the thrombospondin, tenascin, SPARC/osteonectin, and CCN families. These proteins do not self-assemble into ECM fibrils; nevertheless, they shape ECM properties through interactions with structural ECM proteins, growth factors, and cells. Matricellular proteins also promote cell migration or morphological changes through adhesion-modulating or counter-adhesive actions on cell-ECM adhesions, intracellular signaling, and the actin cytoskeleton. Typically, matricellular proteins are most highly expressed during embryonic development. In adult tissues, expression is more limited unless activated by cues for dynamic tissue remodeling and cell motility, such as occur during inflammatory response and wound repair. Many insights in the complex roles of matricellular proteins have been obtained from studies of gene knockout mice. However, with the exception of chordate-specific tenascins, these are highly conserved proteins that are encoded in many animal phyla. This review will consider the increasing body of research on matricellular proteins in nonmammalian animal models. These models provide better access to the very earliest stages of embryonic development and opportunities to study biological processes such as limb and organ regeneration. In aggregate, this research is expanding concepts of the functions and mechanisms of action of matricellular proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine C Adams
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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22
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He H, Wang C, Tang Q, Yang F, Xu Y. Possible mechanisms of prednisolone-induced osteoporosis in zebrafish larva. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:981-987. [PMID: 29635908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a serious clinical bone disease that results from the long-term consumption of glucocorticoids or glucocorticoid-like drugs. Although many studies have attempted to determine the mechanisms of GIOP, they are still unclear. In this study, we established a zebrafish model of glucocorticoid-like drug-induced osteoporosis by treating larvae with prednisolone. We then quantified the expression of a selection of extracellular matrix (ECM)-, osteoblast-, and osteoclast-related genes. Our results showed that at 15 days post fertilization, zebrafish larvae treated with 25 μM prednisolone are a suitable model for GIOP, not only owing to the decrease in robust bone mass but also because of significant alterations in gene expression. The quantification of the expression of ECM-, osteoblast-, and osteoclast- related genes revealed that mmp9 and mmp13 were significantly upregulated and entpd5a, acp5a, and sost were significantly downregulated. These genes may be a target for future research into GIOP. Our study thus provides new insights into GIOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanliang He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Chunqing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Qifeng Tang
- The Benq Medical Center of Suzhou, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Youjia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
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Ahi EP, Richter F, Sefc KM. A gene expression study of ornamental fin shape in Neolamprologus brichardi, an African cichlid species. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17398. [PMID: 29234131 PMCID: PMC5727040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17778-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The diversity of fin morphology within and across fish taxa offers great, but still largely unexplored, opportunities to investigate the proximate mechanisms underlying fin shape variation. Relying on available genetic knowledge brought forth mainly by the comprehensive study of the zebrafish caudal fin, we explored candidate molecular mechanisms for the maintenance and formation of the conspicuously elongated filaments adorning the unpaired fins of the East African "princess cichlid" Neolamprologus brichardi. Via qPCR assays, we detected expression differences of candidate genes between elongated and short regions of intact and regenerating fins. The identified genes include skeletogenic and growth factors (igf2b, fgf3, bmp2 and bmp4), components of the WNT pathway (lef1, wnt5b and wnt10) and a regulatory network determining fin ray segment size and junction (cx43, esco2 and sema3d), as well as other genes with different roles (mmp9, msxb and pea3). Interestingly, some of these genes showed fin specific expression differences which are often neglected in studies of model fish that focus on the caudal fin. Moreover, while the observed expression patterns were generally consistent with zebrafish results, we also detected deviating expression correlations and gene functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Institute of Zoology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
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24
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Ahi EP, Sefc KM. Anterior-posterior gene expression differences in three Lake Malawi cichlid fishes with variation in body stripe orientation. PeerJ 2017; 5:e4080. [PMID: 29158996 PMCID: PMC5695249 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphological differentiation among closely related species provides opportunities to study mechanisms shaping natural phenotypic variation. Here, we address variation in the orientation of melanin-colored body stripes in three cichlid species of the tribe Haplochromini. Melanochromis auratus displays a common pattern of dark, straight horizontal body stripes, whereas in Aristochromis christyi and Buccochromis rhoadesii, oblique stripes extend from the anterior dorsal to the posterior mid-lateral trunk. We first validated a stably reference gene, and then, investigated the chromatophore distribution in the skin by assessing the expression levels of the iridophore and melanophore marker genes, ltk and slc24a5, respectively, as well as pmel, a melanophore pigmentation marker gene. We found anterior-posterior differences in the expression levels of the three genes in the oblique-striped species. The higher anterior expression of ltk, indicates increased iridophore density in the anterior region, i.e., uneven horizontal distribution of iridophores, which coincides with the anterior dorsalization of melanophore stripe in these species. The obliqueness of the horizontal body stripes might be a result of distinct migratory or patterning abilities of melanophores in anterior and posterior stripe regions which could be reflected by variation in the expression of genes involved in melanophore patterning. To address this, we investigated anterior-posterior expression levels of a primary set of candidate target genes with known functions in melanophore migration and stripe patterning in the adult zebrafish, and their related gene regulatory network. Among these genes, those with differences in anterior-posterior expression showed only species-specific differential expression, e.g., sdf1a, col14a1a, ifitm5, and agpat3, with the exception of fbxw4/hagoromo (differentially expressed in an oblique-and the straight-striped species). In summary, distinct anterior-posterior gradients in iridophore density found to be more similar characteristic between the two oblique-striped species. Furthermore, the species-specific differential expression of genes involved in stripe patterning might also implicate distinct molecular processes underlying the obliqueness of body stripe in two closely related cichlid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Institute of Zoology, Universitätsplatz 2, Universität Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kristina M Sefc
- Institute of Zoology, Universitätsplatz 2, Universität Graz, Graz, Austria
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25
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Ahi EP, Sefc KM. A gene expression study of dorso-ventrally restricted pigment pattern in adult fins of Neolamprologus meeli, an African cichlid species. PeerJ 2017; 5:e2843. [PMID: 28097057 PMCID: PMC5228514 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish color patterns are among the most diverse phenotypic traits found in the animal kingdom. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms that control in chromatophore distribution and pigmentation underlying this diversity is a major goal in developmental and evolutionary biology, which has predominantly been pursued in the zebrafish model system. Here, we apply results from zebrafish work to study a naturally occurring color pattern phenotype in the fins of an African cichlid species from Lake Tanganyika. The cichlid fish Neolamprologus meeli displays a distinct dorsal color pattern, with black and white stripes along the edges of the dorsal fin and of the dorsal half of the caudal fin, corresponding with differences in melanophore density. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms controlling the differences in dorsal and ventral color patterning in the fins, we quantitatively assessed the expression of 15 candidate target genes involved in adult zebrafish pigmentation and stripe formation. For reference gene validation, we screened the expression stability of seven widely expressed genes across the investigated tissue samples and identified tbp as appropriate reference. Relative expression levels of the candidate target genes were compared between the dorsal, striped fin regions and the corresponding uniform, grey-colored regions in the anal and ventral caudal fin. Dorso-ventral expression differences, with elevated levels in both white and black stripes, were observed in two genes, the melanosome protein coding gene pmel and in igsf11, which affects melanophore adhesion, migration and survival. Next, we predicted potential shared upstream regulators of pmel and igsf11. Testing the expression patterns of six predicted transcriptions factors revealed dorso-ventral expression difference of irf1 and significant, negative expression correlation of irf1 with both pmel and igsf11. Based on these results, we propose pmel, igsf11 and irf1 as likely components of the genetic mechanism controlling distinct dorso-ventral color patterns in N. meeli fins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Institute of Zoology, Universitätsplatz 2, Universität Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Kristina M Sefc
- Institute of Zoology, Universitätsplatz 2, Universität Graz , Graz , Austria
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26
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Ahi EP. Signalling pathways in trophic skeletal development and morphogenesis: Insights from studies on teleost fish. Dev Biol 2016; 420:11-31. [PMID: 27713057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the development of the vertebrate feeding apparatus, a variety of complicated cellular and molecular processes participate in the formation and integration of individual skeletal elements. The molecular mechanisms regulating the formation of skeletal primordia and their development into specific morphological structures are tightly controlled by a set of interconnected signalling pathways. Some of these pathways, such as Bmp, Hedgehog, Notch and Wnt, are long known for their pivotal roles in craniofacial skeletogenesis. Studies addressing the functional details of their components and downstream targets, the mechanisms of their interactions with other signals as well as their potential roles in adaptive morphological divergence, are currently attracting considerable attention. An increasing number of signalling pathways that had previously been described in different biological contexts have been shown to be important in the regulation of jaw skeletal development and morphogenesis. In this review, I provide an overview of signalling pathways involved in trophic skeletogenesis emphasizing studies of the most species-rich group of vertebrates, the teleost fish, which through their evolutionary history have undergone repeated episodes of spectacular trophic diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Institute of Zoology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria; Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
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