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Zhao F, Chen YP, Salmaki Y, Drew BT, Wilson TC, Scheen AC, Celep F, Bräuchler C, Bendiksby M, Wang Q, Min DZ, Peng H, Olmstead RG, Li B, Xiang CL. An updated tribal classification of Lamiaceae based on plastome phylogenomics. BMC Biol 2021; 19:2. [PMID: 33419433 PMCID: PMC7796571 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00931-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A robust molecular phylogeny is fundamental for developing a stable classification and providing a solid framework to understand patterns of diversification, historical biogeography, and character evolution. As the sixth largest angiosperm family, Lamiaceae, or the mint family, consitutes a major source of aromatic oil, wood, ornamentals, and culinary and medicinal herbs, making it an exceptionally important group ecologically, ethnobotanically, and floristically. The lack of a reliable phylogenetic framework for this family has thus far hindered broad-scale biogeographic studies and our comprehension of diversification. Although significant progress has been made towards clarifying Lamiaceae relationships during the past three decades, the resolution of a phylogenetic backbone at the tribal level has remained one of the greatest challenges due to limited availability of genetic data. RESULTS We performed phylogenetic analyses of Lamiaceae to infer relationships at the tribal level using 79 protein-coding plastid genes from 175 accessions representing 170 taxa, 79 genera, and all 12 subfamilies. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses yielded a more robust phylogenetic hypothesis relative to previous studies and supported the monophyly of all 12 subfamilies, and a classification for 22 tribes, three of which are newly recognized in this study. As a consequence, we propose an updated phylogenetically informed tribal classification for Lamiaceae that is supplemented with a detailed summary of taxonomic history, generic and species diversity, morphology, synapomorphies, and distribution for each subfamily and tribe. CONCLUSIONS Increased taxon sampling conjoined with phylogenetic analyses based on plastome sequences has provided robust support at both deep and shallow nodes and offers new insights into the phylogenetic relationships among tribes and subfamilies of Lamiaceae. This robust phylogenetic backbone of Lamiaceae will serve as a framework for future studies on mint classification, biogeography, character evolution, and diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ya-Ping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yasaman Salmaki
- Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, Department of Plant Science, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bryan T Drew
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE, 68849, USA
| | - Trevor C Wilson
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Australian Institute of Botanical Science, Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Ferhat Celep
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Christian Bräuchler
- Department of Botany, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010, Wien, Austria
| | - Mika Bendiksby
- NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinense Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Dao-Zhang Min
- Research Centre of Ecological Sciences, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Hua Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | | | - Bo Li
- Research Centre of Ecological Sciences, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Chun-Lei Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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A large-scale chloroplast phylogeny of the Lamiaceae sheds new light on its subfamilial classification. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34343. [PMID: 27748362 PMCID: PMC5066227 DOI: 10.1038/srep34343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamiaceae, the sixth largest angiosperm family, contains more than 7000 species distributed all over the world. However, although considerable progress has been made in the last two decades, its phylogenetic backbone has never been well resolved. In the present study, a large-scale phylogenetic reconstruction of Lamiaceae using chloroplast sequences was carried out with the most comprehensive sampling of the family to date (288 species in 191 genera, representing approximately 78% of the genera of Lamiaceae). Twelve strongly supported primary clades were inferred, which form the phylogenetic backbone of Lamiaceae. Six of the primary clades correspond to the current recognized subfamilies Ajugoideae, Lamioideae, Nepetoideae, Prostantheroideae, Scutellarioideae, and Symphorematoideae, and one corresponds to a portion of Viticoideae. The other five clades comprise: 1) Acrymia and Cymaria; 2) Hymenopyramis, Petraeovitex, Peronema, and Garrettia; 3) Premna, Gmelina, and Cornutia; 4) Callicarpa; and 5) Tectona. Based on these results, three new subfamilies—Cymarioideae, Peronematoideae, and Premnoideae—are described, and the compositions of other subfamilies are updated based on new findings from the last decade. Furthermore, our analyses revealed five strongly supported, more inclusive clades that contain subfamilies, and we give them phylogenetically defined, unranked names: Cymalamiina, Scutelamiina, Perolamiina, Viticisymphorina, and Calliprostantherina.
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