1
|
Ma S, Wang H, Li W, Yan Z, Luo X, Lu P. RREB1 promotes the development of parafollicular carcinogenesis through the Ras-Raf-1-ELK3 signaling pathway. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 41:972-981. [PMID: 35737446 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2022.2090000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is derived from parathyroid follicle cells (C cells) secrete calcitonin, accounting for approximately 5-10% of all thyroid cancers. The malignancy is between differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid cancer and undifferentiated thyroid cancer and has a relatively poor prognosis. In MTC tumor cells, RREB1 regulates the differentiation of parathyroid cells via RAS-Raf-1-ELK3 signaling and induce calcitonin secretion. Therefore, it is easy to induce parathyroid parafollicular cells canceration and medullary thyroid carcinoma. Here, we investigated the correlation between RREB1, RAS-Raf-1-ELK3 signaling pathway and medullary thyroid carcinoma with various phases. Our results suggest that RREB1 promotes parafollicular carcinoma through the Ras-Raf1-elk3 signaling pathway, providing a rationale to further investigate the role of RREB1 in parafollicular carcinoma. It provides theoretical guidance for the clinical treatment of medullary thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanling Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanming Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Pinxiang Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gupta P, Furness SGB, Bittencourt L, Hare DL, Wookey PJ. Building the case for the calcitonin receptor as a viable target for the treatment of glioblastoma. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920978110. [PMID: 33425026 PMCID: PMC7758865 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920978110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers are actively seeking novel targeted therapies for the brain tumour glioblastoma (GBM) as the mean survival is less than 15 months. Here we discuss the proposal that the calcitonin receptor (CT Receptor), expressed in 76-86% of patient biopsies, is expressed by both malignant glioma cells and putative glioma stem cells (GSCs), and therefore represents a potential therapeutic target. Forty-two per cent (42%) of high-grade glioma (HGG; representative of GSCs) cell lines express CT Receptor protein. CT Receptors are widely expressed throughout the life cycle of organisms and in some instances promote apoptosis. Which of the common isoforms of the CT Receptor are predominantly expressed is currently unknown, but a functional response to cell stress of the insert-positive isoform is hypothesised. A model for resistant malignancies is one in which chemotherapy plays a direct role in activating quiescent stem cells for replacement of the tumour tissue hierarchy. The putative role that the CT Receptor plays in maintenance of quiescent cancer stem cells is discussed in view of the activation of the Notch-CT Receptor-collagen V axis in quiescent muscle (satellite) stem cells. The pharmacological CT response profiles of four of the HGG cell lines were reported. Both CT responders and non-responders were sensitive to an immunotoxin based on an anti-CT Receptor antibody. The CALCR mRNA exhibits alternative splicing commonly associated with cancer cells, which could result in the atypical pharmacology exhibited by CT non-responders and an explanation of tumour suppression. Due to the inherent instability of CALCR mRNA, analysis of CT Receptor protein in patient samples will lead to improved data for the expression of CT Receptor in GBM and other cancers, and an understanding of the role and activity of the splice variants. This knowledge will aid the effective targeting of this receptor for treatment of GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Gupta
- Department of Medicine (Austin Health, Heidelberg), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sebastian G B Furness
- Drug Discovery Biology Laboratory, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Pharmacology, Monash University (Parkville), Victoria, Australia
| | - Lucas Bittencourt
- Department of Medicine (Austin Health, Heidelberg), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David L Hare
- Department of Medicine (Austin Health, Heidelberg), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J Wookey
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Level 10, Lance Townsend Building, Austin Health, Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Salamanca E, Hsu CC, Yao WL, Choy CS, Pan YH, Teng NC, Chang WJ. Porcine Collagen-Bone Composite Induced Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Regeneration In Vitro and In Vivo. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010093. [PMID: 31947902 PMCID: PMC7023633 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to autogenous bone limitations, some substitute bone grafts were developed. Collagenated porcine graft (CPG) is able to regenerate new bone, although the number of studies is insufficient, highlighting the need for future studies to better understand the biomaterial. In order to understand better CPG′s possible dental guided bone regeneration indications, the aim of this work was to determine CPG′s biological capacity to induce osteoblast differentiation in vitro and guided bone regeneration in vivo, whilst being compared with commercial hydroxyapatite and beta tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) and porcine graft alone. Cell cytotoxicity (WST-1), alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were assessed in vitro. Critical size defects of New Zealand white rabbits were used for the in vivo part, with critical size defect closures and histological analyses. WST-1 and ALP indicated that CPG directly stimulated a greater proliferation and confluency of cells with osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. Gene sequencing indicated stable bone formation markers, decreased resorption makers, and bone remodeling coupling factors, making the transition from osteoclast to osteoblast expression at the end of seven days. CPG resulted in the highest new bone regeneration by osteoconduction in critical size defects of rabbit calvaria at eight weeks. Nonetheless, all biomaterials achieved nearly complete calvaria defect closure. CPG was found to be osteoconductive, like porcine graft and HA/β-TCP, but with higher new bone formation in critical size defects of rabbit calvaria at eight weeks. CPG can be used for different dental guided bone regeneration procedures; however, further studies are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eisner Salamanca
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (E.S.); (C.C.H.); (Y.H.P.); (N.-C.T.)
| | - Chia Chen Hsu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (E.S.); (C.C.H.); (Y.H.P.); (N.-C.T.)
- Dental Department, Taipei Medical University, Shuang-Ho hospital, Taipei 235, Taiwan
| | - Wan Ling Yao
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (E.S.); (C.C.H.); (Y.H.P.); (N.-C.T.)
- Correspondence: (W.L.Y.); (W.-J.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 5148) (W.-J.C.); Fax: +886-2-2736-2295 (W.-J.C.)
| | - Cheuk Sing Choy
- Department of Community Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan;
- Yuanpei University of Medical technology, Hsin Chu, Taipei 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu Hwa Pan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (E.S.); (C.C.H.); (Y.H.P.); (N.-C.T.)
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chia Teng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (E.S.); (C.C.H.); (Y.H.P.); (N.-C.T.)
- Dental Department, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Chang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (E.S.); (C.C.H.); (Y.H.P.); (N.-C.T.)
- Dental Department, Taipei Medical University, Shuang-Ho hospital, Taipei 235, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.L.Y.); (W.-J.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 5148) (W.-J.C.); Fax: +886-2-2736-2295 (W.-J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|