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Hu J, Xiang X, Guan W, Lou W, He J, Chen J, Fu Y, Lou G. MiR-497-5p down-regulates CDCA4 to restrains lung squamous cell carcinoma progression. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:330. [PMID: 34772428 PMCID: PMC8588708 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND So far, few have concerned miR-497-5p in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). METHODS MiR-497-5p expression in LUSC was measured by qRT-PCR. Its impacts on tumor-related cell behaviors were investigated by CCK8 assay, scratch healing assay, flow cytometry and Transwell invasion methods. In addition, interaction between miR-497-5p and CDCA4 in LUSC was also elucidated through rescue experiment, western blot, dual-luciferase, and bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS Low level of miR-497-5p was confirmed in LUSC tissue and cells. Overexpressed miR-497-5p markedly inhibited cancer progression. miR-497-5p restrained CDCA4 expression. Rescue assay showed that overexpressing miR-497-5p eliminated effect of overexpressed CDCA4. CONCLUSION By targeting CDCA4, miR-497-5p restrained development of LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwei Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, No.699 Jiangdong Dong Lu, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinqin Xiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, No.699 Jiangdong Dong Lu, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, No.699 Jiangdong Dong Lu, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weihua Lou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, No.699 Jiangdong Dong Lu, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junming He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, No.699 Jiangdong Dong Lu, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, No.699 Jiangdong Dong Lu, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yin Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, No.699 Jiangdong Dong Lu, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guoliang Lou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, No.699 Jiangdong Dong Lu, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Aisina D, Niyazova R, Atambayeva S, Ivashchenko A. Prediction of clusters of miRNA binding sites in mRNA candidate genes of breast cancer subtypes. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8049. [PMID: 31741798 PMCID: PMC6858813 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of breast cancer (BC) subtypes is controlled by distinct sets of candidate genes, and the expression of these genes is regulated by the binding of their mRNAs with miRNAs. Predicting miRNA associations and target genes is thus essential when studying breast cancer. The MirTarget program identifies the initiation of miRNA binding to mRNA, the localization of miRNA binding sites in mRNA regions, and the free energy from the binding of all miRNA nucleotides with mRNA. Candidate gene mRNAs have clusters (miRNA binding sites with overlapping nucleotide sequences). mRNAs of EPOR, MAZ and NISCH candidate genes of the HER2 subtype have clusters, and there are four clusters in mRNAs of MAZ, BRCA2 and CDK6 genes. Candidate genes of the triple-negative subtype are targets for multiple miRNAs. There are 11 sites in CBL mRNA, five sites in MMP2 mRNA, and RAB5A mRNA contains two clusters in each of the three sites. In SFN mRNA, there are two clusters in three sites, and one cluster in 21 sites. Candidate genes of luminal A and B subtypes are targets for miRNAs: there are 21 sites in FOXA1 mRNA and 15 sites in HMGA2 mRNA. There are clusters of five sites in mRNAs of ITGB1 and SOX4 genes. Clusters of eight sites and 10 sites are identified in mRNAs of SMAD3 and TGFB1 genes, respectively. Organizing miRNA binding sites into clusters reduces the proportion of nucleotide binding sites in mRNAs. This overlapping of miRNA binding sites creates a competition among miRNAs for a binding site. From 6,272 miRNAs studied, only 29 miRNAs from miRBase and 88 novel miRNAs had binding sites in clusters of target gene mRNA in breast cancer. We propose using associations of miRNAs and their target genes as markers in breast cancer subtype diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Aisina
- Department of Biotechnology, SRI of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Raigul Niyazova
- Department of Biotechnology, SRI of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Shara Atambayeva
- Department of Biotechnology, SRI of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Anatoliy Ivashchenko
- Department of Biotechnology, SRI of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Yuan L, Bing Z, Yan P, Li R, Wang C, Sun X, Yang J, Shi X, Zhang Y, Yang K. Integrative data mining and meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic role of microRNA-200 family in various human malignant neoplasms: A consideration on heterogeneity. Gene 2019; 716:144025. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Liu T, You X, Sui J, Shen B, Zhang Y, Zhang XM, Yang S, Yao YZ, Yang F, Yin LH, Pu YP, Liang GY. Prognostic value of a two-microRNA signature for papillary thyroid cancer and a bioinformatic analysis of their possible functions. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7185-7198. [PMID: 30390338 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent scientific evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). In the current study, we aim to identify a miRNA-related signature as the sensitive and novel prognostic biomarkers. METHODS We performed a comprehensive analysis of the data downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The association between survival outcome and miRNA was assessed by the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. The risk score model was built to evaluate the predicting value of miRNA signature. The potential biofunctions and transcription factors of target miRNAs were investigated through bioinformatic analysis. The result was verified by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in 32 pairs of PTC and adjacent nontumor tissues. In addition, the results were verified by other cohorts from gene expression omnibus (GEO) as detected by microarrays. RESULTS A total of 1030 miRNAs were identified from the TCGA database. Thirty-six key intersection miRNAs were obtained. The associations between clinical features and key miRNAs were evaluated. Eventually, a two-miRNA signature (hsa-miR-181a-2-3p and hsa-miR-138-1-3p) was identified. The power of the miRNA prognostic signature was effective. In total, we identified 202 genes that were associated with 2 miRNAs above, and the top 10 enriched transcript factors that highly related with the target miRNAs were explored. The qRT-PCR and GEO data validation were consistent with bioinformatics results. CONCLUSIONS A tumor-specific miRNA signature was identified, and the joint prognostic power was evaluated, which may be potential biomarkers for prognosis of PTC. IMPACT The two-miRNA signature could become the potential prognostic indicator of PTC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin You
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Sui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li-Hong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue-Pu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ge-Yu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Yang S, Sui J, Liu T, Wu W, Xu S, Yin L, Pu Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Shen B, Liang G. Expression of miR-486-5p and its significance in lung squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13912-13923. [PMID: 30963622 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is one of the main histological types of lung cancer with high mortality. The role of microRNA-486-5p in LUSC remains unclear. In the current study, the aim was to explore miR-486-5p expression and its role in LUSC. The miR-486-5p expression was significantly low-expressed in patients with LUSC from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, which was further confirmed in the Gene Expression Omnibus database, patients' tissues, different cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the high-throughput gene sequencing data of lung tissues of mice after a long-term B(a)P exposure. The meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the expression and diagnosis power of miR-486-5p (standard mean difference = -2.25; 95% confidence interval: -3.47 to -1.03; P = 0.0003; area under curve = 0.9082). Functional enrichment analysis revealed the potential function of miR-486-5p in LUSC using gene set enrichment analysis and clusterProfiler package in R software. At last, the hub genes (PTEN, TEK, PIK3R1, PPM1B, SMAD2, and SPTA1) of miR-486-5p were verified. In conclusion, miR-486-5p may be a LUSC antioncogene, playing an important role to serve as a biomarker in LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jing Sui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Luo P, Wang Q, Ye Y, Zhang J, Lu D, Cheng L, Zhou H, Xie M, Wang B. MiR-223-3p functions as a tumor suppressor in lung squamous cell carcinoma by miR-223-3p-mutant p53 regulatory feedback loop. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:74. [PMID: 30755230 PMCID: PMC6373043 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs have an important role in diverse biological processes including tumorigenesis. MiR-223 has been reported to be deregulated in several human cancer types. However, its biological role has not been functionally characterized in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). The following study investigates the role of miR-223-3p in LSCC growth and metastasis and its underlying mechanism. Methods MicroRNA profiling analyses were conducted to determine differential miRNAs expression levels in LSCC tumor tissues that successfully formed xenografts in immunocompromised mice (XG) and failed tumor tissues (no-XG). RT-PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH) was performed to evaluate the expression of miR-223-3p in 12 paired adjacent normal tissues and LSCC specimens. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed by CCK-8, colony formation and Transwell assay, respectively. The role of miR-223-3p in LSCC tumorigenesis was examined using xenograft nude models. Bioinformatics analysis, Dual-luciferase reporter assays, Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and Western blot analysis were used to identify the direct target of miR-223-3p and its interactions. Results MiR-223-3p was downregulated in LSCC tissues that successfully formed xenografts (XG) compared with tumor tissues that failed (no-XG), which was also significantly reduced in LSCC tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues. Gain- and loss-of function experiments showed that miR-223-3p inhibited proliferation and migration in vitro. More importantly, miR-223-3p overexpression greatly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that mutant p53 bound to the promoter region of miR-223 and reduced its transcription. Meanwhile, p53 is a direct target of miR-223-3p. Thus, miR-223-3p regulated mutant p53 expression in a feedback loop that inhibited cell proliferation and migration. Conclusions Our study identified miR-223-3p, as a tumor suppressor gene, markedly inhibited cell proliferation and migration via miR-223-3p-mutant p53 feedback loop, which suggested miR-223-3p might be a new therapeutic target in LSCC bearing p53 mutations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1079-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ye
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Dapeng Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | | | - Hangcheng Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Mingran Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Baolong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
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Yang XH, Yang K, An YL, Wang LB, Luo G, Hu XH. MicroRNA-705 regulates the differentiation of mouse mandible bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6279. [PMID: 30648022 PMCID: PMC6330203 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The craniofacial skeleton is the foundation of most stomatological treatments, including prosthodontics and maxillofacial surgery. Although histologically similar to the appendicular skeleton, the craniofacial skeleton manifests many unique properties in response to external stimuli and signals. However, the mandibular or maxillary bone marrow mesenchyme, which is the intrinsic foundation of the functions of craniofacial skeleton, has not been well studied, and its homeostasis mechanism remains elusive. Osteoporosis is a systemic disease that affects all skeletons and is characterized by bone mass loss. Osteoporotic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) exhibit disturbed homeostasis and distorted lineage commitment. Many reports have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in regulating MSCs homeostasis. Here, to obtain a better understanding of mandibular bone marrow MSCs homeostasis, we isolated and cultured mandible marrow MSCs from mouse mandibles. Using miR-705 mimics and an inhibitor, we demonstrated that miR-705 played a vital role in shifting the mandibular MSCs lineage commitment in vitro. Utilizing an osteoporosis mouse model, we demonstrated that MSCs from ovariectomized (OVX) mouse mandibular bone marrow exhibited impaired osteogenic and excessive adipogenic differentiation. miR-705 was found overexpressed in OVX mandibular MSCs. The knock down of miR-705 in vitro partially attenuated the differentiation disorder of the OVX mandibular MSCs by upregulating the expression of osteogenic marker genes but suppressing adipogenic genes. Taken together, our findings provide a better understanding of the homeostasis mechanism of mandibular BMMSCs and a novel potential therapeutic target for treating mandibular osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hong Yang
- Department of Prosthetics, the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Periodontology, the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Medical university, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Lin An
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Bo Wang
- Department of Prosthetics, the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Department of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Guo Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiao Hua Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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You X, Yang S, Sui J, Wu W, Liu T, Xu S, Cheng Y, Kong X, Liang G, Yao Y. Molecular characterization of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a potential three-lncRNA prognostic signature. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:4297-4310. [PMID: 30349364 PMCID: PMC6183593 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s174874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most frequent type of malignant thyroid tumor, lacks novel and reliable biomarkers of patients’ prognosis. In the current study, we mined The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to develop lncRNA signature of PTC. Patients and methods The intersection of PTC lncRNAs was obtained from the TCGA database using integrative computational method. By the univariate and multivariate Cox analysis, key lncRNAs were identified to construct the prognostic model. Then, all patients were divided into the high-risk group and low-risk group to perform the Kaplan–Meier (K–M) survival curves and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, estimating the prognostic power of the prognostic model. Functional enrichment analysis was also performed. Finally, we verified the results of the TCGA analysis by the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results After the comprehensive analysis, a three-lncRNA signature (PRSS3P2, KRTAP5-AS1 and PWAR5) was obtained. Interestingly, patients with low-risk scores tended to gain obviously longer survival time, and the area under the time-dependent ROC curve was 0.739. Furthermore, gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis revealed the tumorigenic and prognostic function of the three lncRNAs. We also found three potential transcription factors to help understand the mechanisms of the PTC-specific lncRNAs. Finally, the GEO databases and qRT-PCR validation were consistent with our TCGA bioinformatics results. Conclusion We built a three-lncRNA signature by mining the TCGA database, which could effectively predict the prognosis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin You
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, .,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China,
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhong Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, .,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China,
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