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Wei Y, Wu X, Liu D, Sun H, Song W, Li T. Stem Rust Resistance and Resistance-Associated Genes in 64 Wheat Cultivars from Southern Huanghuai, China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2286. [PMID: 39204721 PMCID: PMC11359684 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is a devastating fungal disease that affects wheat globally. The planting of resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective strategy for controlling this disease. The Huanghuai region, as a major wheat-growing area, plays a crucial role in the spread and prevalence of wheat stem rust in China. In this study, 64 wheat accessions from this region were tested at the adult stage against two major Pgt races, 34MKGQM and 21C3CTHQM. DNA markers associated with the known resistance genes Sr31, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, and Sr38 were measured to determine their presence in the tested accessions. In the 2023 field tests, 5 (7.8%) accessions were immune to 21C3CTHQM and 34MKGQM, while 35 (54.7%) and 39 (60.9%) were moderately resistant and resistant, respectively. The remaining 20 (30.7%) accessions were moderately susceptible and susceptible. In the 2024 tests, 12 (18.8%) and 14 (21.9%) entries were immune to both races; 29 (45.3%) and 30 (46.9%) were moderately resistant and resistant, respectively. Only two cultivars, Xinong 816 and Yimai 211, were immune in both years, and three entries showed some degrees of resistance in both years. Seven cultivars, including Zhongzhimai 23, Longxing 1, Yunong 937, Huaguan 301, Wanke 800, Shaanhe 285, and Yunong 612, showed increased susceptibility. DNA markers showed that 30 entries carried Sr31, while 6 entries carried Sr38. Genes Sr24, Sr25, and Sr26, which confer good resistance to the globally prevalent cultivars TKTTF and TTTRF, were absent from the set of tested entries. While this study surveyed the resistance levels of a cross-section of wheat from the southern part of the Huanghuai region and confirmed the presence of two known resistance genes, the basis of immunity or high levels of resistance in several lines remains obscure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Xianxin Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.W.); (H.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Dongjun Liu
- Institute of Crop Resources, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Huiyan Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Weifu Song
- Institute of Crop Resources, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Tianya Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.W.); (H.S.)
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Cat A. Evaluation of genetic variation and host resistance to wheat stem rust pathogen ( Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) in bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) varieties grown in Türkiye. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17633. [PMID: 38948208 PMCID: PMC11212643 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Wheat stem rust, which is caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is a highly destructive disease that affects wheat crops on a global scale. In this study, the reactions of 150 bread wheat varieties were evaluated for natural Pgt infection at the adult-plant stage in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 growing seasons, and they were analyzed using specific molecular markers to detect stem rust resistance genes (Sr22, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, Sr38, Sr50, and Sr57). Based on phenotypic data, the majority of the varieties (62%) were resistant or moderately resistant to natural Pgt infection. According to molecular results, it was identified that Sr57 was present in 103 varieties, Sr50 in nine varieties, Sr25 in six varieties, and Sr22, Sr31, and Sr38 in one variety each. Additionally, their combinations Sr25 + Sr50, Sr31 + Sr57, Sr38 + Sr50, and Sr38 + Sr57 were detected in these varieties. On the other hand, Sr24 and Sr26 were not identified. In addition, many varieties had low stem rust scores, including a large minority that lacked Sr57. These varieties must have useful resistance to stem rust and could be the basis for selecting greater, possibly durable resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Cat
- Department of Plant Protection, Siirt University, Siirt, Türkiye
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3
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Prasad P, Thakur R, Bhardwaj SC, Savadi S, Gangwar OP, Lata C, Adhikari S, Kumar S, Kundu S, Manjul AS, Prakasha TL, Navathe S, Hegde GM, Game BC, Mishra KK, Khan H, Gupta V, Mishra CN, Kumar S, Kumar S, Singh G. Virulence and genetic analysis of Puccinia graminis tritici in the Indian sub-continent from 2016 to 2022 and evaluation of wheat varieties for stem rust resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1196808. [PMID: 37521927 PMCID: PMC10376725 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1196808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), has re-emerged as one of the major concerns for global wheat production since the evolution of Ug99 and other virulent pathotypes of Pgt from East Africa, Europe, Central Asia, and other regions. Host resistance is the most effective, economic, and eco-friendly approach for managing stem rust. Understanding the virulence nature, genetic diversity, origin, distribution, and evolutionary pattern of Pgt pathotypes over time and space is a prerequisite for effectively managing newly emerging Pgt isolates through host resistance. In the present study, we monitored the occurrence of stem rust of wheat in India and neighboring countries from 2016 to 2022, collected 620 single-pustule isolates of Pgt from six states of India and Nepal, analyzed them on Indian stem rust differentials, and determined their virulence phenotypes and molecular genotypes. The Ug99 type of pathotypes did not occur in India. Pathotypes 11 and 40A were most predominant during these years. Virulence phenotyping of these isolates identified 14 Pgt pathotypes, which were genotyped using 37 Puccinia spp.-specific polymorphic microsatellites, followed by additional phylogenetic analyses using DARwin. These analyses identified three major molecular groups, demonstrating fewer lineages, clonality, and long-distance migration of Pgt isolates in India. Fourteen of the 40 recently released Indian wheat varieties exhibited complete resistance to all 23 Pgt pathotypes at the seedling stage. Twelve Sr genes were postulated in 39 varieties based on their seedling response to Pgt pathotypes. The values of slow rusting parameters i.e. coefficient of infection, area under disease progress curve, and infection rates, assessed at adult plant stage at five geographically different locations during two crop seasons, indicated the slow rusting behavior of several varieties. Six Sr genes (Sr2, Sr57, Sr58, Sr24, Sr31, and Sr38) were identified in 24 wheat varieties using molecular markers closely linked to these genes. These findings will guide future breeding programs toward more effective management of wheat stem rust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Prasad
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Regional Station, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajnikant Thakur
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Regional Station, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - S. C. Bhardwaj
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Regional Station, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Siddanna Savadi
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur, Karnataka, India
| | - O. P. Gangwar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Regional Station, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Charu Lata
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Regional Station, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sneha Adhikari
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Regional Station, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Regional Station, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sonu Kundu
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Regional Station, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - A. S. Manjul
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Regional Station, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - T. L. Prakasha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indore, Regional Station, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sudhir Navathe
- Genetics and Plant Breeding Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - G. M. Hegde
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Wheat & Barley, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - B. C. Game
- Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Agricultural Research Station, Niphad, Maharashtra, India
| | - K. K. Mishra
- JNKVV, Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Powarkheda, Narmadapuram, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Hanif Khan
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - C. N. Mishra
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Sudheer Kumar
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Sun H, Wang Z, Wang R, Chen S, Ni X, Gao F, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Wu X, Li T. Identification of wheat stem rust resistance genes in wheat cultivars from Hebei province, China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1156936. [PMID: 37063217 PMCID: PMC10098322 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1156936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Wheat stem rust is caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. This major disease has been effectively controlled via resistance genes since the 1970s. The appearance and spread of new races of P. graminis f. sp. tritici (eg., Ug99, TKTTF, and TTRTF) have renewed the interest in identifying the resistance gene and breeding cultivars resistant to wheat stem rust. In this study, gene postulation, pedigree analysis, and molecular detection were used to determine the presence of stem rust resistance genes in 65 commercial wheat cultivars from Hebei Province. In addition, two predominant races 21C3CTHTM and 34MRGQM were used to evaluate the resistance of these cultivars at the adult-plant stage in 2021-2022. The results revealed that 6 Sr genes (namely, Sr5, Sr17, Sr24, Sr31, Sr32, Sr38, and SrTmp), either singly or in combination, were identified in 46 wheat cultivars. Overall, 37 wheat cultivars contained Sr31. Sr5 and Sr17 were present in 3 and 3 cultivars, respectively. Gao 5218 strong gluten, Jie 13-Ji 7369, and Kenong 1006 contained Sr24, Sr32, and Sr38, respectively. No wheat cultivar contained Sr25 and Sr26. In total, 50 (76.9%) wheat cultivars were resistant to all tested races of P. graminis f. sp. tritici in field test in 2021-2022. This study is important for breeding wheat cultivars with resistance to stem rust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ziye Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Si Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyu Ni
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fu Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yazhao Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yiwei Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xianxin Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tianya Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Arip M, Tan LF, Jayaraj R, Abdullah M, Rajagopal M, Selvaraja M. Exploration of biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cervical cancer: a review. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:91. [PMID: 36152065 PMCID: PMC9509511 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the fourth most diagnosed cancer, cervical cancer (CC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality affecting females globally, particularly when diagnosed at advanced stage. Discoveries of CC biomarkers pave the road to precision medicine for better patient outcomes. High throughput omics technologies, characterized by big data production further accelerate the process. To date, various CC biomarkers have been discovered through the advancement in technologies. Despite, very few have successfully translated into clinical practice due to the paucity of validation through large scale clinical studies. While vast amounts of data are generated by the omics technologies, challenges arise in identifying the clinically relevant data for translational research as analyses of single-level omics approaches rarely provide causal relations. Integrative multi-omics approaches across different levels of cellular function enable better comprehension of the fundamental biology of CC by highlighting the interrelationships of the involved biomolecules and their function, aiding in identification of novel integrated biomarker profile for precision medicine. Establishment of a worldwide Early Detection Research Network (EDRN) system helps accelerating the pace of biomarker translation. To fill the research gap, we review the recent research progress on CC biomarker development from the application of high throughput omics technologies with sections covering genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masita Arip
- Allergy & Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Fang Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rama Jayaraj
- Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Maha Abdullah
- Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Jalan Serdang, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mogana Rajagopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Malarvili Selvaraja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Yadav PK, Tiwari S, Kushwah A, Tripathi MK, Gupta N, Tomar RS, Kandalkar VS. Morpho-physiological characterization of bread wheat genotypes and their molecular validation for rust resistance genes Sr2, Sr31 and Lr24. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s43538-021-00049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Hernández Cordero AI, Li X, Milne S, Yang CX, Bossé Y, Joubert P, Timens W, van den Berge M, Nickle D, Hao K, Sin DD. Multi-omics highlights ABO plasma protein as a causal risk factor for COVID-19. Hum Genet 2021; 140:969-979. [PMID: 33604698 PMCID: PMC7892327 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the current health crisis. Despite intensive research efforts, the genes and pathways that contribute to COVID-19 remain poorly understood. We, therefore, used an integrative genomics (IG) approach to identify candidate genes responsible for COVID-19 and its severity. We used Bayesian colocalization (COLOC) and summary-based Mendelian randomization to combine gene expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) from the Lung eQTL (n = 1,038) and eQTLGen (n = 31,784) studies with published COVID-19 genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative. Additionally, we used COLOC to integrate plasma protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) from the INTERVAL study (n = 3,301) with COVID-19 loci. Finally, we determined any causal associations between plasma proteins and COVID-19 using multi-variable two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). The expression of 18 genes in lung and/or blood co-localized with COVID-19 loci. Of these, 12 genes were in suggestive loci (PGWAS < 5 × 10-05). LZTFL1, SLC6A20, ABO, IL10RB and IFNAR2 and OAS1 had been previously associated with a heightened risk of COVID-19 (PGWAS < 5 × 10-08). We identified a causal association between OAS1 and COVID-19 GWAS. Plasma ABO protein, which is associated with blood type in humans, demonstrated a significant causal relationship with COVID-19 in the MR analysis; increased plasma levels were associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 and, in particular, severe COVID-19. In summary, our study identified genes associated with COVID-19 that may be prioritized for future investigations. Importantly, this is the first study to demonstrate a causal association between plasma ABO protein and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Hernández Cordero
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Xuan Li
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen Milne
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chen Xi Yang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Joubert
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - David Nickle
- Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Gossamer Bio, 3013 Science Park Road, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Lin Q, Gao Y, Wu X, Ni X, Chen R, Xuan Y, Li T. Evaluation of resistance to wheat stem rust and identification of resistance genes in wheat lines from Heilongjiang province. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10580. [PMID: 33614261 PMCID: PMC7879953 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, (Pgt) is a devastating disease in wheat production. The disease has been effectively controlled since the 1970s due to the widespread use of the Sr31 resistance gene. However, Sr31 has lost its effectiveness following the emergence and spread of the Ug99 race variants. Therefore, there is an urgent global effort to identify new germplasm resources effective against those races. In this study, the resistance to Pgt of 95 wheat advance lines from Heilongjiang Province was evaluated using three predominant races of Pgt, 21C3CTTTM, 34C0MKGSM, and 34C3MTGQM, in China at the seedling and adult plant stage. The presence of 6 Sr genes (Sr2, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, and Sr38) was evaluated using linked molecular markers. The results showed that 86 (90.5%) wheat lines had plant stage resistance to all three races. Molecular marker analysis showed that 24 wheat lines likely carried Sr38, 15 wheat lines likely carried Sr2, 11 wheat lines likely carried Sr31, while none of the wheat lines carried Sr24, Sr25, or Sr26. Furthermore, six out of the 95 wheat lines tested carried both Sr2 and Sr38, three contained both Sr31 and Sr38, and two wheat lines contained both Sr2 and Sr31. Wheat lines with known Sr genes may be used as donor parents for further breeding programs to provide resistance to stem rust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujun Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianxin Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyu Ni
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rongzhen Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianya Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Wu X, Bian Q, Gao Y, Ni X, Sun Y, Xuan Y, Cao Y, Li T. Evaluation of resistance to powdery mildew and identification of resistance genes in wheat cultivars. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10425. [PMID: 33510966 PMCID: PMC7808266 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a serious disease of wheat worldwide that can cause significant yield losses. Growing resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective and eco-soundly strategy to manage the disease. Therefore, a high breeding priority is to identify genes that can be readily used either singly or in combination for effective resistance to powdery mildew and also in combination with genes for resistance to other diseases. Yunnan Province, with complex and diverse ecological environments and climates, is one of the main wheat growing regions in China. This region provides initial inoculum for starting epidemics of wheat powdery mildew in the region and other regions and thus, plays a key role in the regional and large-scale epidemics of the disease throughout China. The objectives of this study were to evaluate seedling resistance of 69 main wheat cultivars to powdery mildew and to determine the presence of resistance genes Pm3, Pm8, Pm13, Pm16, and Pm21in these cultivars using gene specific DNA markers. Evaluation of 69 wheat cultivars with six Bgt isolates showed that only four cultivars were resistant to all tested isolates, indicating that the overall level of powdery mildew resistance of Yunnan wheat cultivars is inadequate. The molecular marker results showed that 27 cultivars likely have at least one of these genes. Six cultivars were found likely to have Pm3,18 likely to have Pm8,5 likely to have Pm16,and 3 likely to have Pm21. No cultivar was found to carry Pm13. The information on the presence of the Pmresistance genes in Yunnan wheat cultivars can be used in future wheat disease breeding programs. In particular, cultivars carrying Pm21, which is effective against all Bgtraces in China, should be pyramided with other effective genes to developing new cultivars with durable resistance to powdery mildew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxin Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang China
| | - Qiang Bian
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Nankai University Nanjing China
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang China
| | - Xinyu Ni
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang China
| | - Yanqiu Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang China
| | - Yuanyin Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang China
| | - Tianya Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang China
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Li HM, Liu P, Zhang XJ, Li LM, Jiang HY, Yan H, Hou FH, Chen JP. Combined proteomics and transcriptomics reveal the genetic basis underlying the differentiation of skin appendages and immunity in pangolin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14566. [PMID: 32884035 PMCID: PMC7471334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71513-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pangolin (Mains javanica) is an interesting endangered mammal with special morphological characteristics. Here, we applied proteomics and transcriptomics to explore the differentiation of pangolin skin appendages at two developmental stages and to compare gene expression profiles between abdomen hair and dorsal scale tissues. We identified 4,311 genes and 91 proteins differentially expressed between scale-type and hair-type tissue, of which 6 genes were shared by the transcriptome and proteome. Differentiation altered the abundance of hundreds of proteins and mRNA in the two types of skin appendages, many of which are involved in keratinocyte differentiation, epidermal cell differentiation, and multicellular organism development based on GO enrichment analysis, and FoxO, MAPK, and p53 signalling pathways based on KEGG enrichment analysis. DEGs in scale-type tissues were also significantly enriched in immune-related terms and pathways compared with that in hair-type tissues. Thus, we propose that pangolins have a normal skin innate immune system. Compared with the abdomen, the back skin of pangolins had more genes involved in the regulation of immune function, which may be an adaptive adjustment for the vulnerability of scaly skin to infection and injury. This investigation provides a scientific basis for the study of development and immunity of pangolin skin, which may be helpful in the protection of wild pangolin in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Lin-Miao Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Hai-Ying Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fang-Hui Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Wildlife Rescue Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jin-Ping Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
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11
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Wu X, Bian Q, Lin Q, Sun Q, Ni X, Xu X, Qiu Y, Xuan Y, Cao Y, Li T. Sensitivity of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Isolates From China to Triadimefon and Cross-Resistance Against Diverse Fungicides. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:2082-2085. [PMID: 32552283 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-20-0009-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is an important wheat disease with sudden and devastating characteristics. The appearance and spread of new P. graminis f. sp. tritici races (Ug99, TKTTF, and TTTTF) have once again renewed the interest in the prevention and control of wheat stem rust. Fungicides can effectively control the epidemics of this disease in a short period of time. However, the fungal pathogen is prone to developing resistance. Therefore, we collected 89 isolates of P. graminis f. sp. tritici from four provinces in China and used the spore germination method to test the sensitivity of the isolates to fungicide triadimefon. Seven relatively triadimefon-sensitive isolates and six relatively triadimefon-resistant isolates were further tested for sensitivity to fungicides carbendazim, mancozeb, thiophanate-methyl, and kresoxim-methyl. The results showed that the mean concentration for 50% of maximal effect of the isolates to triadimefon was 16.14 mg·liter-1, and the mean resistance factor was 4.48. Only 29 isolates were resistant to triadimefon in which 27 isolates had low levels of resistance and 2 isolates had moderate levels of resistance. However, most of the 89 isolates had no resistance to triadimefon. There was a positive correlation between resistance to triadimefon and carbendazim, but there was no cross-resistance between triadimefon resistance with thiophanate-methyl or kresoxim-methyl resistance. This study provides valuable information for managing fungicide resistant isolates of P. graminis f. sp. tritici.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxin Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Qiang Bian
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiujun Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Qian Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xinyu Ni
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yongchun Qiu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yuanyin Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Tianya Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
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12
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Wu XX, Lin QJ, Ni XY, Sun Q, Chen RZ, Xu XF, Qiu YC, Li TY. Characterization of Wheat Monogenic Lines with Known Sr Genes and Wheat Lines with Resistance to the Ug99 Race Group for Resistance to Prevalent Races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in China. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:1939-1943. [PMID: 32396054 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-19-2736-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most serious fungal diseases in wheat production, seriously threatening the global supply of wheat and endangering food security. The present study was conducted to evaluate wheat monogenic lines with known Sr genes to the most prevalent P. graminis f. sp. tritici races in China. In addition, wheat lines introduced from the International Maize and Wheat improvement Center (CIMMYT) with resistance to the Ug99 race group were also evaluated with the prevalent Chinese P. graminis f. sp. tritici races. The monogenic lines containing Sr9e, Sr21, Sr26, Sr31, Sr33, Sr35, Sr37, Sr38, Sr47, and SrTt3 were effective against races 21C3CTTTM, 34C0MRGSM, and 34C3MTGQM at both seedling and adult-plant stages. In contrast, monogenic lines containing Sr6, Sr7b, Sr8a, Sr9a, Sr9b, Sr9d, Sr9f, Sr9g, Sr13, Sr16, Sr18, Sr19, Sr20, Sr24, Sr28, Sr29, and Sr34 were highly susceptible to these races at both seedling and adult-plant stages. Lines with Sr5, Sr10, Sr13, Sr14, Sr15, Sr17, Sr21, Sr22, Sr23, Sr25, Sr27, Sr29, Sr30, Sr32, Sr36, and Sr39 were resistant to one or more of the tested races. Among the 123 CIMMYT lines, 38 (30.9%) showed varying levels of susceptibility to Chinese P. graminis f. sp. tritici races. The results should be useful for breeding wheat cultivars with resistance to stem rust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xin Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Qiu Jun Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xin Yu Ni
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Qian Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Rong Zhen Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xiao Feng Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yong Chun Qiu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Tian Ya Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
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13
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Identification of Stem Rust Resistance Genes in the Winter Wheat Collection from Southern Russia. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8120559. [PMID: 31801237 PMCID: PMC6963428 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The high yield potential of winter wheats cannot be realized due to disease pressure under field conditions. One of the most harmful of such diseases is stem rust, hence the constant search for sources of resistance and the development of new varieties resistant to stem rust is of great relevance. This study deals with the identification of stem rust resistance genes in a collection of winter wheats grown in Southern Russia. This genepool has not been studied yet. A total of 620 samples of winter soft wheat from various ecological and geographical zones were tested under field conditions. To identify the specific genes or alleles responsible for resistance, all samples were genotyped using PCR. As a result, the groups of resistant samples, carrying the Sr2, Sr31, Sr38 and Sr44 genes in various combinations, were identified. Most of the stem rust resistance was provided by the presence of the effective Sr44 gene. This information can be used in the future breeding work for stem rust resistance.
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Olivera PD, Rouse MN, Jin Y. Identification of New Sources of Resistance to Wheat Stem Rust in Aegilops spp. in the Tertiary Genepool of Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1719. [PMID: 30524466 PMCID: PMC6262079 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent stem rust epidemics in eastern Africa and elsewhere demonstrated that wheat stem rust is a re-emerging disease posing a threat to wheat production worldwide. The cultivated wheat gene pool has a narrow genetic base for resistance to virulent races, such as races in the Ug99 race group. Wild relatives of wheat are a tractable source of stem rust resistance genes. Aegilops species in the tertiary genepool have not been exploited to any great extent as a source of stem rust resistance. We evaluated 1,422 accessions of Aegilops spp. for resistance to three highly virulent races (TTKSK, TRTTF, and TTTTF) of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. Species studied include Ae. biuncialis, Ae. caudata, Ae. comosa, Ae. cylindrica, Ae. geniculata, Ae. neglecta, Ae. peregrina, Ae. triuncialis, and Ae. umbellulata that do not share common genomes with cultivated wheat. High frequencies of resistance were observed as 977 (68.8%), 927 (65.2%), and 850 (59.8%) accessions exhibited low infection types to races TTKSK, TTTTF, and TRTTF, respectively. Contingency table analyses showed strong association for resistance to different races in several Aegilops spp., indicating that for a given species, the resistance genes effective against multiple races. Inheritance studies in selected accessions showed that resistance to race TTKSK is simply inherited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo D. Olivera
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Matthew N. Rouse
- Cereal Disease Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Yue Jin
- Cereal Disease Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, St. Paul, MN, United States
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15
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Xu X, Yuan D, Li D, Gao Y, Wang Z, Liu Y, Wang S, Xuan Y, Zhao H, Li T, Wu Y. Identification of stem rust resistance genes in wheat cultivars in China using molecular markers. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4882. [PMID: 29844997 PMCID: PMC5971096 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn. (Pgt), is a major disease that has been effectively controlled using resistance genes. The appearance and spread of Pgt races such as Ug99, TKTTF, and TTTTF, which are virulent to most stem rust-resistant genes currently deployed in wheat breeding programs, renewed the interest in breeding cultivars resistant to wheat stem rust. It is therefore important to investigate the levels of resistance or vulnerability of wheat cultivars to Pgt races. Resistance to Pgt races 21C3CTHQM, 34MKGQM, and 34C3RTGQM was evaluated in 136 Chinese wheat cultivars at the seedling stage. A total of 124 cultivars (91.2%) were resistant to the three races. Resistance genes Sr2, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, and Sr38 were analyzed using molecular markers closely linked to them, and 63 of the 136 wheat cultivars carried at least one of these genes: 21, 25, and 28 wheat cultivars likely carried Sr2, Sr31, and Sr38, respectively. Cultivars "Kehan 3" and "Jimai 22" likely carried Sr25. None of the cultivars carried Sr24 or Sr26. These cultivars with known stem rust resistance genes provide valuable genetic material for breeding resistant wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Depeng Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Siting Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan, China
| | - Tianya Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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