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Salnikova LE, Khadzhieva MB, Kolobkov DS, Gracheva AS, Kuzovlev AN, Abilev SK. Cytokines mapping for tissue-specific expression, eQTLs and GWAS traits. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14740. [PMID: 32895400 PMCID: PMC7477549 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation in cytokine production has been linked to the pathogenesis of various immune-mediated traits, in which genetic variability contributes to the etiopathogenesis. GWA studies have identified many genetic variants in or near cytokine genes, nonetheless, the translation of these findings into knowledge of functional determinants of complex traits remains a fundamental challenge. In this study we aimed at collection, analysis and interpretation of data on cytokines focused on their tissue-specific expression, eQTLs and GWAS traits. Using GO annotations, we generated a list of 314 cytokines and analyzed them with the GTEx resource. Cytokines were highly tissue-specific, 82.3% of cytokines had Tau expression metrics ≥ 0.8. In total, 3077 associations for 1760 unique SNPs in or near 244 cytokines were mapped in the NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog. According to the Experimental Factor Ontology resource, the largest numbers of disease associations were related to 'Inflammatory disease', 'Immune system disease' and 'Asthma'. The GTEx-based analysis revealed that among GWAS SNPs, 1142 SNPs had eQTL effects and influenced expression levels of 999 eGenes, among them 178 cytokines. Several types of enrichment analysis showed that it was cytokines expression variability that fundamentally contributed to the molecular origins of considered immune-mediated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyubov E Salnikova
- Laboratory of Ecological Genetics, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, Moscow, Russia, 117971.
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology of Critical Conditions, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Petrovka str, 25, b.2, Moscow, Russia, 107031.
| | - Maryam B Khadzhieva
- Laboratory of Ecological Genetics, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, Moscow, Russia, 117971
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology of Critical Conditions, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Petrovka str, 25, b.2, Moscow, Russia, 107031
| | - Dmitry S Kolobkov
- Laboratory of Ecological Genetics, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, Moscow, Russia, 117971
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., PO Box 26, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., PO Box 26, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alesya S Gracheva
- Laboratory of Ecological Genetics, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, Moscow, Russia, 117971
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology of Critical Conditions, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Petrovka str, 25, b.2, Moscow, Russia, 107031
| | - Artem N Kuzovlev
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology of Critical Conditions, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Petrovka str, 25, b.2, Moscow, Russia, 107031
| | - Serikbay K Abilev
- Laboratory of Ecological Genetics, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, Moscow, Russia, 117971
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Abstract
The extracellular forms of the IL-1 cytokines are active through binding to specific receptors on the surface of target cells. IL-1 ligands bind to the extracellular portion of their ligand-binding receptor chain. For signaling to take place, a non-binding accessory chain is recruited into a heterotrimeric complex. The intracellular approximation of the Toll-IL-1-receptor (TIR) domains of the 2 receptor chains is the event that initiates signaling. The family of IL-1 receptors (IL-1R) includes 10 structurally related members, and the distantly related soluble protein IL-18BP that acts as inhibitor of the cytokine IL-18. Over the years the receptors of the IL-1 family have been known with many different names, with significant confusion. Thus, we will use here a recently proposed unifying nomenclature. The family includes several ligand-binding chains (IL-1R1, IL-1R2, IL-1R4, IL-1R5, and IL-1R6), 2 types of accessory chains (IL-1R3, IL-1R7), molecules that act as inhibitors of signaling (IL-1R2, IL-1R8, IL-18BP), and 2 orphan receptors (IL-1R9, IL-1R10). In this review, we will examine how the receptors of the IL-1 family regulate the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions of the IL-1 cytokines and are, more at large, involved in modulating defensive and pathological innate immunity and inflammation. Regulation of the IL-1/IL-1R system in the brain will be also described, as an example of the peculiarities of organ-specific modulation of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Boraschi
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Italiani
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Weil
- Immunology FB08, Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael U Martin
- Immunology FB08, Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Divergent responses to thermogenic stimuli in BAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue from interleukin 18 and interleukin 18 receptor 1-deficient mice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17977. [PMID: 26656097 PMCID: PMC4674707 DOI: 10.1038/srep17977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown and beige adipocytes recruitment in brown (BAT) or white adipose tissue, mainly in the inguinal fat pad (iWAT), meet the need for temperature adaptation in cold-exposure conditions and protect against obesity in face of hypercaloric diets. Using interleukin18 (Il18) and Il18 receptor 1- knockout (Il18r1-KO) mice, this study aimed to investigate the role of IL18 signaling in BAT and iWAT activation and thermogenesis under both stimuli. Il18-KO, extremely dietary obesity-prone as previously described, failed to develop diet-induced thermogenesis as assessed by BAT and iWAT Ucp1 mRNA levels. Overweight when fed standard chow but not HFD, HFD-fed Il18r1-KO mice exhibited increased iWAT Ucp1 gene expression. Energy expenditure was reduced in pre-obese Il18r1-KO mice and restored upon HFD-challenge. Cold exposure lead to similar results; Il18r1-KO mice were protected against acute body temperature drop, displaying a more brown-like structure, alternative macrophage activation and thermogenic gene expression in iWAT than WT controls. Opposite effects were observed in Il18-KO mice. Thus, Il18 and Il18r1 genetic ablation disparate effects on energy homeostasis are likely mediated by divergent BAT responses to thermogenic stimuli as well as iWAT browning. These results suggest that a more complex receptor-signaling system mediates the IL18 adipose-tissue specific effects in energy expenditure.
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