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Computational methods for inferring location and genealogy of overlapping genes in virus genomes: approaches and applications. Curr Opin Virol 2021; 52:1-8. [PMID: 34798370 PMCID: PMC8594276 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Viruses may evolve to increase the amount of encoded genetic information by means of overlapping genes, which utilize several reading frames. Such overlapping genes may be especially impactful for genomes of small size, often serving a source of novel accessory proteins, some of which play a crucial role in viral pathogenicity or in promoting the systemic spread of virus. Diverse genome-based metrics were proposed to facilitate recognition of overlapping genes that otherwise may be overlooked during genome annotation. They can detect the atypical codon bias associated with the overlap (e.g. a statistically significant reduction in variability at synonymous sites) or other sequence-composition features peculiar to overlapping genes. In this review, I compare nine computational methods, discuss their strengths and limitations, and survey how they were applied to detect candidate overlapping genes in the genome of SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19 pandemic.
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Hufsky F, Ibrahim B, Modha S, Clokie MRJ, Deinhardt-Emmer S, Dutilh BE, Lycett S, Simmonds P, Thiel V, Abroi A, Adriaenssens EM, Escalera-Zamudio M, Kelly JN, Lamkiewicz K, Lu L, Susat J, Sicheritz T, Robertson DL, Marz M. The Third Annual Meeting of the European Virus Bioinformatics Center. Viruses 2019; 11:E420. [PMID: 31060321 PMCID: PMC6563321 DOI: 10.3390/v11050420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The Third Annual Meeting of the European Virus Bioinformatics Center (EVBC) took place in Glasgow, United Kingdom, 28-29 March 2019. Virus bioinformatics has become central to virology research, and advances in bioinformatics have led to improved approaches to investigate viral infections and outbreaks, being successfully used to detect, control, and treat infections of humans and animals. This active field of research has attracted approximately 110 experts in virology and bioinformatics/computational biology from Europe and other parts of the world to attend the two-day meeting in Glasgow to increase scientific exchange between laboratory- and computer-based researchers. The meeting was held at the McIntyre Building of the University of Glasgow; a perfect location, as it was originally built to be a place for "rubbing your brains with those of other people", as Rector Stanley Baldwin described it. The goal of the meeting was to provide a meaningful and interactive scientific environment to promote discussion and collaboration and to inspire and suggest new research directions and questions. The meeting featured eight invited and twelve contributed talks, on the four main topics: (1) systems virology, (2) virus-host interactions and the virome, (3) virus classification and evolution and (4) epidemiology, surveillance and evolution. Further, the meeting featured 34 oral poster presentations, all of which focused on specific areas of virus bioinformatics. This report summarizes the main research findings and highlights presented at the meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hufsky
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Bashar Ibrahim
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Chair of Bioinformatics, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Sejal Modha
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
| | - Martha R J Clokie
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747 Jena, Germany.
- Section for Experimental Virology, Jena University Hospital, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Bas E Dutilh
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Science4Life, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands.
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 26, Nijmegen 6525 GA, The Netherlands.
| | - Samantha Lycett
- Infection & Immunity Division, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - Peter Simmonds
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Peter Medawar Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK.
| | - Volker Thiel
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Facility, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Aare Abroi
- University of Tartu, Institute of Technology, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Evelien M Adriaenssens
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK.
| | | | - Jenna Nicole Kelly
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Facility, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Kevin Lamkiewicz
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Lu Lu
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences & Informatics, Ashworth Laboratories, Kings Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
| | - Julian Susat
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Thomas Sicheritz
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1123 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - David L Robertson
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
| | - Manja Marz
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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