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Mestre VDF, Martins CCN, Brito LVD, Zeffa AC, Sestário CS, Salles MJS. Pregabalin alters reproductive performance in male mice and causes congenital anomalies in offspring. Reprod Fertil Dev 2023; 35:750-759. [PMID: 37995339 DOI: 10.1071/rd22287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Pregabalin is an anticonvulsant drug with analgesic activity for the treatment of neuropathic pain. AIMS To valuate the toxicity of pregabalin in reproductive parameters, spermatogenesis, and teratogenicity in the offspring of mice. METHODS Twenty male mice were randomly distributed into two groups: PGB group and group C (n =10 per group). The animals in the PGB group received, via gavage, 200mg/kg of pregabalin diluted in distilled water daily, for a period of 45days. Group C received distilled water under the same experimental design. KEY RESULTS In the paternal parameters of the PGB group, there was a significant increase in the size of the testicles, morphological alterations in the spermatozoa, a decrease in the Johnsen score, an increase in the Leydig cells, and a decrease in the serum level of testosterone. In the intrauterine development parameters of females mated with males from the PGB group, a significant decrease in placental weight, weight and length of fetuses, and fetal viability rate was observed. There was a significant increase in the number of resorptions and post-implantation losses. The significant anomalies observed in the offspring were alteration in the size of the kidneys, absent metacarpals and phalanges, alteration in the sternum, and supernumerary thoracic vertebrae. CONCLUSION Results suggest that pregabalin had toxic effects on the reproductive function of male mice and teratogenic potential. IMPLICATIONS The findings of this study may provide new hypotheses, taking into account the risk-benefit ratio for male reproduction and offspring health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane de Fátima Mestre
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; and Department of General Biology, Center for Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Caio Cezar Nantes Martins
- Department of General Biology, Center for Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Lorrany Victor de Brito
- Department of General Biology, Center for Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Aline Campos Zeffa
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; and Department of General Biology, Center for Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Camila Salvador Sestário
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; and Department of General Biology, Center for Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Maria José Sparça Salles
- Department of General Biology, Center for Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Structure, Activation, and Regulation of NOX2: At the Crossroad between the Innate Immunity and Oxidative Stress-Mediated Pathologies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020429. [PMID: 36829988 PMCID: PMC9952346 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) is a multisubunit enzyme complex that participates in the generation of superoxide or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and plays a key role in several biological functions. Among seven known NOX isoforms, NOX2 was the first identified in phagocytes but is also expressed in several other cell types including endothelial cells, platelets, microglia, neurons, and muscle cells. NOX2 has been assigned multiple roles in regulating many aspects of innate and adaptive immunity, and human and mouse models of NOX2 genetic deletion highlighted this key role. On the other side, NOX2 hyperactivation is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases with different etiologies but all are characterized by an increase in oxidative stress and inflammatory process. From this point of view, the modulation of NOX2 represents an important therapeutic strategy aimed at reducing the damage associated with its hyperactivation. Although pharmacological strategies to selectively modulate NOX2 are implemented thanks to new biotechnologies, this field of research remains to be explored. Therefore, in this review, we analyzed the role of NOX2 at the crossroads between immunity and pathologies mediated by its hyperactivation. We described (1) the mechanisms of activation and regulation, (2) human, mouse, and cellular models studied to understand the role of NOX2 as an enzyme of innate immunity, (3) some of the pathologies associated with its hyperactivation, and (4) the inhibitory strategies, with reference to the most recent discoveries.
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Dai C, Tian E, Hao Z, Tang S, Wang Z, Sharma G, Jiang H, Shen J. Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity and Protective Effects of Curcumin: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102031. [PMID: 36290754 PMCID: PMC9598162 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most significant classes of mycotoxins, aflatoxins (AFTs), can cause a variety of detrimental outcomes, including cancer, hepatitis, aberrant mutations, and reproductive issues. Among the 21 identified AFTs, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most harmful to humans and animals. The mechanisms of AFB1-induced toxicity are connected to the generation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), upregulation of CYP450 activities, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, necrosis, and inflammatory response. Several signaling pathways, including p53, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Nrf2/ARE, NF-κB, NLRP3, MAPKs, and Wnt/β-catenin have been shown to contribute to AFB1-mediated toxic effects in mammalian cells. Curcumin, a natural product with multiple therapeutic activities (e.g., anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and immunoregulation activities), could revise AFB1-induced harmful effects by targeting these pathways. Therefore, the potential therapeutic use of curcumin against AFB1-related side effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms are summarized. This review, in our opinion, advances significant knowledge, sparks larger discussions, and drives additional improvements in the hazardous examination of AFTs and detoxifying the application of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongshan Dai
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Erjie Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shusheng Tang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Iamsaard S, Tongpan S, Yannasithinon S, Arun S, Wu ATH, Sukhorum W. Effect of chronic stress on expression and secretion of seminal vesicle proteins in adult rats. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13800. [PMID: 32816406 DOI: 10.1111/and.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress (CS) is known to affect men's health especially fertility by reducing semen quality. Although the effects of CS on testicular function and sperm parameters are documented, changes of substances and secreting proteins in the seminal vesicle (SV) have never been reported. This study aimed to demonstrate the alterations of contents and expressions of proteins in seminal vesicle fluid (SVF) under CS. Fourteen adult rats were divided into control and CS groups (n = 7/each). Control rats were not exposed to stressor, while the CS animals were immobilised by restraint cage (4 hr/day) and followed by forced swimming (15 min/day) for consecutive 60 days. Biochemical substances and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in SVF were examined. Expressions of heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70), caspases (Casp) 3 and 9, and tyrosine-phosphorylated (TyrPho) proteins were investigated in seminal vesicle tissue (SVT) and SVF. It was found that CS caused reductions of seminal epithelial height and secreted substance levels. Significantly, MDA levels in SVF and expressions of Hsp70, Casp and TyrPho proteins were increased in of CS animals. It was concluded that CS affected seminal secretion. Low quality of CS seminal plasma may associate with increase of MDA and expressions of secreted proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitthichai Iamsaard
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion (HHP & HP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Saranya Tongpan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Supatcharee Arun
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion (HHP & HP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Alexander T H Wu
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wannisa Sukhorum
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
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Xiong W, Kong X, Jiang J, Yang Z, Jiang R. Low androgen status inhibits erectile function by inducing eNOS uncoupling in rat corpus cavernosum. Andrology 2020; 8:1875-1883. [PMID: 32594586 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of erectile dysfunction (ED) patients is increasing annually. How to improve the effectiveness of ED treatment is an important issue for the field of andrology. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether low androgen status impairs the erectile function of rats by regulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into six groups as follows: 4-week sham-operated group (4w-sham), 4-week castration group (4w-cast), 4-week castration + testosterone (T) group (4w-cast + T), 8-week sham-operated group (8w-sham), 8-week castration group (8w-cast), and 8-week castration + T group (8w-cast + T). Three mg/kg of T was subcutaneously injected every other day in castration + T groups. The ratio of the maximum intracavernous pressure/the mean arterial pressure (ICPmax/MAP), the level of serum T, dihydrobiopterin(BH2 ), tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4 ), nitric oxygen(NO), 3-nitrotyrosine(3NT), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2), and eNOS monomers/dimers in the corpus cavernosum were detected. RESULTS The ratio of ICPmax/MAP and BH4 /BH2 , the level of serum T, NO, and GTPCH1 decreased significantly in castration groups compared with sham-operated groups and castration + T groups (P < .05) and decreased significantly in 8w-cast group compared with 4w-cast group (P < .05). The expression of 3NT and NOX2 and the ratio of eNOS monomers/dimers increased significantly in castration groups compared with sham-operated groups and castration + T groups (P < .01) and increased significantly in 8w-cast group compared with 4w-cast group (P < .01). The expression of DHFR in 4w-cast group was significantly higher than that in 4w-sham group and 4w-cast + T group (P < .01) and in 8w-cast group was significantly lower than that in 8w-sham group and 8w-cast + T group (P < .01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Low androgen status induces eNOS uncoupling by reducing BH4 /BH2 and increasing 3NT. Due to the decreased NO production, the erectile function of the rats was impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenju Xiong
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiangjun Kong
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nephropathy Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
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